Veterans at Risk: The Health Effects of Mustard Gas and Lewisite

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Table of Contents
Front Matter R1-R20
Executive Summary 1-8
1 Introduction 9-13
2 Methods of Literature Collection and Survey 14-20
3 History and Analysis of Mustard Agent and Lewisite Research Programs in the United States 21-60
4 Findings from the Public Hearing Process 61-70
5 Chemistry of Sulfur Mustard and Lewisite 71-80
6 Relationship of Mustard Agent and Lewisite Exposure to Carcinogenesis 81-111
7 Nonmalignant Respiratory Effects of Mustard Agents and Lewisite 112-130
8 Ocular Effects of Mustard Agents and Lewisite 131-147
9 Dermatological Effects of Mustard Agents and Lewisite 148-178
10 Other Physiological Effects of Mustard Agents and Lewisite 179-198
11 Relationship of Mustard Agent and Lewisite Exposure to Psychological Dysfunction 199-213
12 Summary of Findings and Recommendations 214-226
Bibliography 227-330
A. Scientific and Background Presentations Made to the Committee 331-334
B. Excerpt from The Residual Effects of Warfare Gases 335-337
C. Involvement of the National Academy of Sciences Complex in World War II Research Programs: A Summary 338-339
D. Excerpts from Chamber Tests with Human Subjects I, II, and IX. Naval Research Laboratory Reports Nos. P-2208 and P-2579 340-369
E. Interim Report and Addendum: Feasibility of Developing a Cohort of Veterans Exposed to Mustard Gas During WWII Testing Programs 370-377
F. Summary of the Department of the Army Report: Use of Volunteers in Chemical Agent Research 378-381
G. Public Hearing Announcement 382-385
H. Letter from Dr. Jay Katz to Dr. David P. Rall 386-389
I. Risk Assessment Considerations for Sulfur Mustard 390-398
J. Examination of the Effects of Certain Acute Environmental Exposures on Future Respiratory Health Consequences 399-416
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations 417-420
Index 421-428

FIGURE 3-1 Vesicle formation on an Iranian patient, 16 hours after battlefield exposure to sulfur mustard. Reprinted from Willems, 1989, with permission from Annales Medicinae militaris Belgicae.

Table of Contents

Front Matter R1-R20

Executive Summary 1-8

1 Introduction 9-13

2 Methods of Literature Collection and Survey 14-20

3 History and Analysis of Mustard Agent and Lewisite Research Programs in the United States 21-60

4 Findings from the Public Hearing Process 61-70

5 Chemistry of Sulfur Mustard and Lewisite 71-80

6 Relationship of Mustard Agent and Lewisite Exposure to Carcinogenesis 81-111

7 Nonmalignant Respiratory Effects of Mustard Agents and Lewisite 112-130

8 Ocular Effects of Mustard Agents and Lewisite 131-147

9 Dermatological Effects of Mustard Agents and Lewisite 148-178

10 Other Physiological Effects of Mustard Agents and Lewisite 179-198

11 Relationship of Mustard Agent and Lewisite Exposure to Psychological Dysfunction 199-213

12 Summary of Findings and Recommendations 214-226

Bibliography 227-330

A. Scientific and Background Presentations Made to the Committee 331-334

B. Excerpt from The Residual Effects of Warfare Gases 335-337

C. Involvement of the National Academy of Sciences Complex in World War II Research Programs: A Summary 338-339

D. Excerpts from Chamber Tests with Human Subjects I, II, and IX. Naval Research Laboratory Reports Nos. P-2208 and P-2579 340-369

E. Interim Report and Addendum: Feasibility of Developing a Cohort of Veterans Exposed to Mustard Gas During WWII Testing Programs 370-377

F. Summary of the Department of the Army Report: Use of Volunteers in Chemical Agent Research 378-381

G. Public Hearing Announcement 382-385

H. Letter from Dr. Jay Katz to Dr. David P. Rall 386-389

I. Risk Assessment Considerations for Sulfur Mustard 390-398

J. Examination of the Effects of Certain Acute Environmental Exposures on Future Respiratory Health Consequences 399-416

List of Acronyms and Abbreviations 417-420

Index 421-428