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Nutritional Needs in Hot Environments: Applications for Military Personnel in Field Operations (1993)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

Citation Manager

. "12. Responses of Soldiers to 4-gram and 8-gram NaCl Diets During 10 Days of Heat Acclimation." Nutritional Needs in Hot Environments: Applications for Military Personnel in Field Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1993.

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Nutritional Needs in Hot Environments: Applications for Military Personnel in Field Operations

Committee on Diet and Health, Food and Nutrition Board. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

1989b Recommended Dietary Allowances, 10th ed. Report of the Subcommittee on the Tenth Edition of the RDAs, Food and Nutrition Board, Commission on Life Sciences . Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

Strauss, M.B., E. Lamdin, W.P. Smith, and D.J. Bleifer 1958 Surfeit and deficit of sodium. Arch. Int. Med. 102:527–536.


Taylor, H.L., A. Henschel, O. Mickelsen, and A. Keys 1944 The effect of sodium chloride intake on the work performance of man during exposure to dry heat and experimental heat exhaustion. Am. J. Physiol. 140:439–451.

Tobian, L. 1989 The relationship of salt to hypertension. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 32:2739–2748.


Wyndham, C.H., A.J.A. Benade, C.G. Williams, N.B. Strydom, A. Golden, and A.J.A. Heynes 1968 Changes in central circulation and body fluid spaces during acclimatization to heat. J. Appl. Physiol. 25:586–593.


Zar, J.H. 1974 Biostatistical Analysis. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Discussion

DR. NESHEIM: Questions for Dr. Armstrong?

PARTICIPANT: I wasn't sure how to read that one slide. Are you showing, then, on the 8-gram diet, a higher body weight? Is that what this shows?

DR. ARMSTRONG: You saw a decrease in body weight at the midpoint.

PARTICIPANT: So you were showing that—explain that slide again.

DR. ARMSTRONG: On the 8-gram diet yes, there was, on the average an increase in body weight.

PARTICIPANT: So the people on the moderate salt diet had a higher body weight.

DR. ARMSTRONG: Not statistically significant.

PARTICIPANT: But you could argue, since the tonicity was the same, that they may have had a slightly increased extracellular food volume.

DR. ARMSTRONG: Yes.

PARTICIPANT: What happened in the urine tests? You showed urine sodium. What happened to urine potassium?

DR. ARMSTRONG: There were two spikes that were significantly different. I am only looking at the a.m. value, however, and that may have been due to drinking fruit juice, for example, the night before or to some other source of potassium. Captain Moore can probably speak more to the 24

Page
257
Front Matter (R1-R14)
Part I: Committee Summary and Recommendations (1-2)
1. Introduction and Backgrounds (3-44)
2. Conclusions and Recommendations (45-52)
Part II: Invited Presentations (53-54)
3. Physiological Responses to Excercise in Heat (55-74)
4. Effects of Excercise and Heat on Gastrointestinal Function (75-86)
5. Water Requirements During Excercise in the Heat (87-96)
6. Energetics and Climate with Emphasis on Heat: A Historical Perspective (97-116)
7. The Effect of Excercise and Heat on Mineral Metabolism and Requirements (117-136)
8. The Effect of Excercise and Heat on Vitamin Requirements (137-172)
9. Heat as a Factor in the Perception of Taste, Smell, and Oral Sensation (173-186)
10. Effects of Heat on Appetite (187-214)
11. Situational Influences on Food Intake (215-244)
Part III: U.S. Army Presentations: A Reevaluation of Sodium Requirements for Work in the Heat (245-246)
12. Responses of Soldiers to 4-gram and 8-gram NaCl Diets During 10 Days of Heat Acclimation (247-258)
13. Endocrinological Responses to Dietary Salt Restriction During Heat Acclimation (259-276)
14. Subjective Reports of Heat Illness (277-294)
Part IV: Committee Discussion Paper (295-296)
15. Food Intake, Appetite, and Work in Hot Environments (297-304)
Appendixes (305-306)
Appendix A: Military Recommended Dietary Allowances, AR 25-40; 1985 (307-328)
Appendix B: Nutritional Needs in Hot Environments -- A Selected Bibliography (329-352)
Appendix C: Biographical Sketches (353-362)
Index (363-378)