FIGURE 3-7 Thermal and circulatory responses of one subject during cycle exercise at 70 percent
in ambient temperatures (Ta) of 20° and 36°C, showing (from top) esophageal (Tes) and mean skin (Tsk) temperatures, cardiac output (Q), stroke volume (SV), percentage change in plasma volume (PV), and forearm blood flow. SOURCE: Sawka and Wenger (1988), used with permission. Redrawn from Nadel et al. (1979).