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PARTICIPANT: It is a little unclear. I thought you said that men sweat more but if you expressed it as amount of sweat, provided surface area was the same, but then it looked like in one of the slides it was different.

DR. GISOLFI: No, they are not the same. Even if you express it as percent body surface area, women still sweat less. But the important point is, women are able to maintain the same core body temperature as men when they are at the same relative work load.

PARTICIPANT: And was that formula applicable for both men and women?

DR. GISOLFI: No, the formula was based on men.

PARTICIPANT: Is there any effect from body mass?

DR. GISOLFI: Body fat is going to impede heat loss, certainly, and if you evaluate the impact of body weight to surface area ratio, the heavier person has a greater metabolic heat load and has a smaller surface area to dissipate that heat. These individuals will have more trouble dissipating heat when exposed to a warm environment exercising at the same intensity as an individual who is not carrying that much weight.

PARTICIPANT: Does it affect sweating?