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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

INDEX

A

Aarhus University (Denmark), 12

Accelerators;

see Particle accelerators

Acetylene, 261

Acridines, 107

Adamantane, 273

Adenosine triphosphate, 113

Adriamycin, 107

Aerodynamics, 228

Agnew, D.C., 161, 163, 168, 179

AIDS

AZT and, 93, 94, 96

cases by exposure group, 84

cases worldwide, 61, 62

drug treatments, 91-97

epidemic, 60

HIV progression to, 81-88

opportunistic infections, 61-62, 93-94, 95, 96

prevention, 97

related conditions, 62

research goals, 63

surveillance case definition, 64, 85

T-cell mystery, 85-88

see also HIV

Airy, George, 136-137

Alanine, 296

Alber, Tom, 290-293, 295, 296-297, 298, 301-305, 308, 309-310, 311 , 312-314

Alberts, Bruce, 114, 115, 116

Albrecht, Thomas, 43

Alvarez, Walter, 324

American Physical Society, 34

Amino acids, 75, 292, 293

see also Proteins;

individual amino acids

Amsacrine, 107

Anderson, Carl, 236-237, 244

Anfinsen, Christian, 292-293

Anthracyclines, 107

Anthraquinones, 107

Antibodies, 67-68, 72, 84, 87, 88, 92, 93, 113, 291

Antimatter, 244

Antineutrino, 19

Antiprotons, 244, 245

Arecibo Observatory, 127

Argon, 23

Arizona State University, 135

Arneodo, Alain, 223

Artificial metals, 280-281

Arvidson, Ray, 148

Ashkin, Arthur, 57

Astrid Ion, 50

ATCase, 292, 313

Atoms/atomic

behavior in small groups, 40

biological applications of manipulation techniques, 56-58

Bose condensation, 56

clock, 55, 58

Doppler shifts, 48-49

electrical properties, 51-52

force microscope, 43

fountain, 53-54, 55

funnel, 53-54

image, 38

laser cooling of, 48-50, 51

photon absorption, 51

standards for measurement, 55-56

surface, 35-36, 39-40

switching, 42-43

syncytia and, 86

trapping, 51-53

at ultralow temperatures, 54, 55-56, 58

wave properties, 55-56

xenon, 39-40, 42

AT&T Bell Laboratories, 51, 52, 57, 205, 217, 273, 280, 281, 321-322, 326

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

Australia, 16

AZT, 93, 94, 96

B

B-cells, 68, 69, 71-72

Babai, Laszlo, 326

Bacteria

DNA synthesis, 101, 120-121

gyrase, 121

life cycle, 67, 101

toxins, 67

see also individual bacteria

Bahcall, John, 22, 25

Bakun, Bill, 155, 166, 167

Balykin, V. I., 49

Barium ion, trapping, 50

Bartol Research Institute, 13

Bell, Stephen, 111, 113, 114-115

Benzene, 279, 318

Berger, Jonathan, 22

Berns, Michael, 58

Beryllium-7, 22

Bethe, Hans, 21

Bethune, Donald S., 260, 263, 264, 266-274, 277-279, 283, 284, 285

Beylkin, Gregory, 226, 228

Big Bang, 5

Big Bear Solar Observatory, 12

Binnig, Gerd, 37-38

Biological switches, 311

Biology, atomic manipulation in, 56-58

Bloom's syndrome, 122

Bohr, Niels, 19, 236

Bolide impacts, 324, 325

Bolt, Bruce, 158, 163, 182, 186

BOREXINO neutrino detector, 31

Born, Max, 236

Boron-8, 22, 23, 25

Bose condensation, 56

Botchan, Michael, 113-114

Bovine papillomavirus, 114

Brenner, Sydney, 105

Brillinger, David, 171

Brookhaven National Laboratory, 238, 241, 242, 243, 314

Brown, Russ, 311

Brown, Timothy, 12, 16

Brown University, 131, 147-148, 188

Brune, Jim, 188, 193

Brus, Louis, 321-322

Buckminsterfullerenes (buckyballs)

attempted synthesis, 263

bond lengths, 274

cesium-doped, 282

chromatography column, 276

commercial importance, 258-259, 275-277

compression effects, 278-279

diameter, 274

discovery, 258

infrared analyses, 277

insulating properties, 280

ionized, 287

magnets, 285

mass spectral analyses, 277

name, 265-266

NMR testing, 269, 271-273

optical properties, 285

phase transition, 274

photographing, 269, 274-275

polymers, 285

potassium-doped, 280-282

production and trapping of, 266-269, 275-277

Raman spectrum, 269, 270-271, 279

rocket propellant from, 285-286

rubidium-doped, 282

solid-state spin, 273-274

in shungite, 287

strength, 285-286

structure, 259, 261, 263, 265, 266, 271

superconductivity, 280-282

uses, 279-286

vibrational frequencies, 270-271

x-ray crystallography, 274, 277

Buckyclutcher I, 276

Buckyonions, 278

Buckytubes, 277-278

Byerlee, James, 187

C

Calcium, 283

California, 16

earthquake probabilities, 180-181

seismicity, 163-164, 177, 178, 187

see also Earthquakes;

San Andreas Fault

California Institute of Technology, 5, 7, 12, 171, 238, 317, 322

Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 135, 316-317

Cambridge University, 4

Canada, 30

Canary Islands, 16

Cancer

breast, 107

colon, 314

defined, 106

drug development approaches, 106-107

onco-proteins, 108

protein diagnostic, 314

skin, 122

Carbon

chains in outer space, 286-287

crystalline forms, 258, 261-262, 277

fiber technology, 278

reactivity, 265

versatility, 261

See also Buckminsterfullerenes;

Fullerenes

Carbon, John, 112

Carbon dioxide, 44, 126, 171

Carbon monoxide, 41, 44

Carnegie Institution of Washington, 147, 298-299

Carnegie-Mellon University, 30

Carr, Chavela, 311

Catalysts, 44, 292

Cavendish laboratory (Great Britain), 18

cdc-2 kinase, 103

Cells

catalyst, 292

cycle, 99, 100-103, 104, 111, 114, 115

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

endycytosis, 71

fusion experiments, 104-105

G1 phase, 100-101, 104-105, 114, 115

G2 phase, 101

mitosis, 101-102, 103

regulatory proteins, 103

S phase, 101, 105, 108, 115

see also individual types of cells

Cellular organelles, 57

Cellulose, 291

Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, 223

Ceramic oxides, 282

Cerenkov radiation, 25, 31

Cesium atoms, 53, 55

Chamberlain, Owen, 244

Chaos, 201

Chazelle, Bernard, 326

Chen, Nancy, 278

Chile, 16

Chinese hamster cells, 122

Chlorine, 23, 28

Chlorofluorocarbons, 318-320

Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen, 12

Chromosomes

composition, 102

DNA replication origins on, 104, 111, 112

manipulation of, 58

Chu, Steven, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57

Circumstellar shells, 287

Coherent structures, 230

Coifman, Ronald, 196, 228, 231, 232

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 108-109, 111, 113

Columbia University, 176, 180

Coma supercluster, 222-223

Comets, 324

Communications, digital transmission, 205-206

Composite materials, 278

Computers

fast Fourier transform algorithm, 206

graphics, 326

hardware design, 327

hypercube architectures, 327

transparent proofs, 325-326

see also Modeling and computer simulations

Cornell University, 137, 214, 278

Cosmology, 251

Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, 219

Cowan, Clyde, 20

Crick, Francis, 98-99, 293, 301, 302-303, 305

Critchfield, Charles, 21

Crumpler, Larry, 131-132

Curl, Robert F., 264, 277

Cyclin, 103

Cyclobutane, 317

D

Dahlquist, Rick, 295

Dartmouth College, 222, 225

Daubechies, Ingrid, 215, 217, 220, 221, 222, 223, 226, 227

Davis, Raymond, 23, 25

Davis, Ron, 112

de Vries, Mattanjah, 267

Dehmelt, Hans, 45, 46, 50, 55, 58

Delambre, Jean-Baptiste, 201

Deubner, Franz-Ludwig, 8, 10

Deuterium oxide neutrino detector, 30-31

Deuteron, 22

Diamond, 261-262, 263, 276, 277, 284-285

Dideoxycytosine, 93

Dideoxyinosine, 93

Digital technology, sampling theorem and, 205

Dimers, 299, 309

Dimethylamino methylstilbazolium tosylate, 317

Dimethylamino nitro stilbene, 317

Dirac, P, A. M., 236, 240, 249

Dirichlet, Peter, 200

DNA

antisense, 94-95

discovery, 98, 293

laser manipulation of, 57

ligase, 119, 121

polymerase I, 119, 121

polymerase III holoenzyme, 119, 120, 121

proliferation in cancer cells, 99

recombinant, 110, 293, 296

repair, 101, 121-122

structure, 98, 104, 120, 293, 298

synthesis, 101, 104-105

topoisomerases, 106-107, 120-121

transcription, 121

DNA replication

accessory proteins, 116-122

autonomously replicating sequences, 112

bacterial, 110, 113, 117, 119, 120-121

cell cycle and, 99, 100-103, 104-105, 108, 111, 114, 115

Central Dogma, 75-76

deletion analysis, 112-113

error correction, 121-122

fork, 117-119

in fruit flies, 112

implications of research findings on, 113-116

initiator proteins, 105, 108, 110, 111-114

lagging and leading strands, 117-120

origin recognition complex, 111, 113, 115

ligation, 118

multiprotein initiation factor, 111, 116

Okazaki fragment, 118, 119, 120

order of, 116-117

origin recognition complex, 113, 115-116

primosome complex, 120

replicator, 105, 108, 111

Replicon model of duplication, 105

replisome, 111, 120

supercoiling, 120

SV40, 105, 108-109

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

tangles and odd structures, 117, 119, 120

viral, 108-109, 113, 114

in yeast, 104, 111-112, 114, 115-116, 120-121

Donoho, David, 224-225, 234

Doppler shifts, 5, 9, 15-16, 17, 48-49, 51

Dougherty, Dennis, 317-318

Drugs

AIDS treatments, 91-97

anticancer drugs, 106-107

antitopoisomerases, 106-107

see also individual drugs

Duvall, Thomas, 13

Dziedzic, J. B., 57

E

Earth

asthenosphere, 136, 160, 173

coalescence and differentiation, 128

comet and meteor impacts, 324-325

crustal plates, 160, 165

heat transfer, 138, 155, 160, 162

hot spots, 141

hypsometry, 130-131

interior temperature, 137-138

lithosphere, 136, 151, 173

mega-eruption, 132

plate tectonics, 129-130, 136, 138

seismic probes of interior, 135-136, 162

size, mass, and composition, 126

Yucatan crater, 146-147

Earthquake prediction

California probabilities, 180-181, 183

characteristic earthquake hypothesis and, 165-168, 178, 183, 184, 186, 189, 190

elements of, 163-165

feasibility, 161

first modern theory of, 161

foreshock dilemma, 192-193

long-term forecasting, 173, 175, 179-180

Los Angeles, 177-178

paleoseismology and, 168, 169-172, 178

Parkfield Earthquake Prediction Experiment, 155, 156, 165-168, 183 , 187, 190-193

plate slip rates and, 172-176

and politics, 178-182

recurrence models and, 166, 168, 183, 190

rupture dynamics and, 186, 187-190

scaling problems in models, 187

seismic cycle and, 182-183

slip-predictable model, 163

stress dilemma and, 184-187, 188

time-predictable behavior and, 163, 173

Earthquakes

Big Bear, 175

cause, 160, 162, 173, 186-187

confining stress, 185

cycle hypothesis, 161, 168, 175

deep-focus, 164-165

elastic rebound theory, 161, 168, 173, 178, 183

equations, 158

Galway, 175

Homestead Valley, 175

hypocenter, 164

Imperial Valley, 189

intermediate-focus, 164

isoseismal map, 177

Joshua Tree, 175

Landers, 155-156, 174, 190

Loma Prieta, 155, 156, 158, 178-179, 180, 183, 185, 193

measurement scales, 158-159, 177

modeling and computer simulations, 161, 166, 188

Modified Mercali Intensity Scale, 159, 177

Morgan Hill, 189

North Palm Springs, 175

Pallett Creek history, 170-172, 178

Parkfield, 158, 183

precursors, 191-193

San Andreas Fault history, 170, 172

San Francisco (1906), 154, 161, 174, 190

seismic paths, 163

shallow-focus, 164

slipping friction and, 188

Southern California (1812), 176-177

stress released during, 184

"The Big One," 155, 156, 168, 174, 177-178, 192-193

tree ring dating of, 176-177

Ecole Normale Supérieure, 210

Ecole Polytechnique, 209, 210, 219

Eddington, Arthur, 21

Edison, Thomas, 232

Eigler, Don, 39

Einstein's theory of general relativity, 5, 13, 55, 240, 243

Einsweiler, Kevin, 250

Eisenberg, David, 312-314

El Niño, 222

Electric fields, 56

Electrical resistivity, 191

Electromagnetic waves, 204

Electrons

charge on, 55, 236

mass, 249-250

neutrino, 20, 22, 23, 30, 31

radius, 55

shared, 40

subquark structure, 58

see also Quarks

Van der Waals force, 39-40

wave properties, 56

Ellsworth, W. L., 161, 163-170, 173, 174, 176, 178, 179, 180, 182, 184, 187, 193

Endonuclease, 121

Enzymes, starch-digesting, 291

Epipodophyllotoxins, 107

Epperson, Jay, 228

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

Escherichia coli, 101, 110, 111, 113, 117, 119, 120

Ethane, 261

Ethylene, 261

Eukaryotes, 110, 111-115, 120-121

Euler, Leonhard, 265

European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN), 239, 241, 243, 244-245, 247, 248, 253-256

European Space Agency, 17

Exonucleases, 119

Exxon, 264

F

Fahey, David, 319-320

Farge, Marie, 210, 220, 226, 229, 230

Fast Fourier transform, 206

Faults

creep, 174, 191

dilatancy-fluid diffusion model, 186

geometry, 164

groundwater monitoring, 192

lock-up, 173

under Los Angeles, 193

offsets, 169-170, 173

plate movement and, 170, 172-173, 174

radiometric dating of ruptures, 170, 171

rupture dynamics, 186, 187-190

slip rates, 174

slipping friction, 188-189, 190

strain detection, 191-192

stratigraphic map of ruptures, 171

tilt measurements, 192

trace, 164, 169

transform zones, 173

wave structure and behavior of, 193

see also San Andreas fault

FBI, 231

Feldspar, 128

Fermi, Enrico, 19, 23

Fermilab, 241, 243, 244, 245, 251, 253, 254, 255, 256

Ferromagnets, organic, 317-318

Feynman, Richard, 34

Fiber optics, 222

Fifth International Symposium on Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters , 269

Fingerprint compression, 231

Fourier, Joseph, 198-200

Fourier analysis

advantages of, 226

applications, 197, 200, 203, 204, 233-234

and digital technology, 205-206

extraction of information from, 204-205

Fourier series, 202, 203-204

Fourier transforms, 200, 202, 204, 206, 207, 208, 227

functions, 200-201

heat diffusion equations, 204

history of, 198-200

image compression with, 227

in information processing, 207

limitations of, 207-208, 210, 213, 216, 231

mathematical statement, 200

misuse of, 206-207

phase errors, 208

temperature predictions with, 203

time information in, 208

of turbulence, 229

vulnerability to errors, 208

windowed, 208, 211, 214, 217, 232

see also Wavelet analysis

Fourier tachometer, 16-17

Fractals, 201, 223

Franconi's anemia, 122

Franklin, Rosalind, 293

Frazier, Michael, 196, 228

Free University of Amsterdam, 324

Freedman, Michael, 321

French Revolution, 198

Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), 112

Fuller, R. Buckminster, 259, 265

Fullerenes, 43;

see also Buckminsterfullerenes

applications, 259-260, 276, 278, 284-285

C70, 259, 260, 266, 267, 269, 272, 273, 275, 276, 277, 284-285, 287

diamond films from, 284-285

discovery, 263-269, 286

formation mechanisms, 272-273

metallo-, 260, 282-284, 285, 287

nonfullerene, 277-279

in outer space, 286-288

predicted discovery of, 262, 263

products, 276

properties, 260

sources and abundance, 259, 263

structure, 260, 263, 266, 275

superconductors, 283

Fullerite, 273

Fusion reaction, 21

G

g-factor, 45-46

Galileo, 2-3

Gallium neurino detector, 27-28, 29

Gamma rays, 22

Gell-Mann, Murray, 238-242

Genes

APC, 314

DNA recognition, 114-115

DNA repair, 122

regulation of, 298-301

Genetic

code, 98;

see also DNA

defects, 290

Genetics

experimental approaches to study of, 99

HIV, 77-79, 80

Germanium neutrino detector, 27, 28

Gilbert, G. K., 161, 169, 190

Glaser, Donald, 254

Glashow, Sheldon, 240, 241, 245

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

Global Oscillation Network Group, 15

Gluons, 46, 252

Glycoproteins, 64-65, 78, 80, 81, 86, 90

Gough, Douglas, 4, 7, 10, 11, 13, 18, 25, 26

Granuloma, 91

Graphite, 261-263, 264-265, 267-268, 277, 278

Gravity

acceleration of, 56

anomalies, 136-137

Fourier analysis applied to, 207

Higgs particle and, 250

Newton's differential equations, 199-200

Venus PVO data, 141

Great Britain, 18, 30

Grimm, Robert, 135, 140-141, 144, 147-148, 149, 150-151

Grossmann, Alex, 209, 210-211, 216, 217, 220, 224, 226, 228, 229, 233

Gyrase, 121

H

Hafnium, 283

Hansch, Ted, 51

Harbury, Pehr, 308-310, 312

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 5

Harvard University, 245, 278

Harvey, John, 13

Hassen, Chuck, 276

Hawaii, 16, 141

Hawaiian swell, 137

Hawkins, Joel, 274

Hayward fault system, 181

He, Zheng-Xu, 321

Head, James, 131-132, 143

Healy, Dennis, Jr., 222, 228

Heath, James R., 264

Heaton, Tom, 163, 174, 183-190, 193

Heisenberg, Werner, 236

Heisenberg uncertainty principle, 221-222, 227

Helicases, 111, 117, 120, 122

Helioseismology, 4

agenda, 14

network, 4-5, 9, 14, 15-18

see also Solar/sun

Helium-3, 22

Helium-4, 22

Hemoglobins, 295

Hendrickson, Wayne, 308

Hess, Paul, 148

Higgs, Peter W., 249

Higgs particle, 249-251, 252, 253, 256-257

Himalayas, 137

HIV

acute phase of infection, 83-84

assembly of components, 79-81

asymptomatic phase of infection, 84-85, 92, 94, 96

body fluids containing, 83

culture conditions and behavior of, 87

early stages of infection, 83

env gene, 78

gag gene, 78, 80

genetic complexity, 77-79

immune response to, 62-63, 84, 87

infection process, 71-72, 76-77, 81-85, 87-88

life cycle, 70-75

mutability, 90, 92

natural history, 60-61, 81, 88

pathogenicity, 79

pol gene, 78

protein synthesis and functions, 77, 78, 80, 86-87, 90

receptor contact, 70-72, 90-91, 93

replication, 66, 74-75, 79, 87, 92, 94-95

research goals and strategies, 73, 77

routes of infection, 71-72, 76

shedding, 85-88

structure, 64-66, 78, 80-81, 86-87

switching from latent to active infection, 77, 78-79, 91, 95

target for infection, 69, 70, 71

transition to AIDS, 81-88

transmission modes, 81-84

uncoating process, 72-73, 93

U.S. incidence, 61

vaccines, 88-91, 92

vulnerability in air, 80-81

worldwide infections, 63

Hooft, Gerard, 240, 250

Hopkins, Michael, 321

Hubble Space Telescope, 16

Huberman, Joel A., 114-115

Huffman, Donald, 268, 274, 275, 276, 277

Hugo, Victor, 199

Hunziker, Heinrich, 267

Hurtwitz, Jerard, 108

Hut, Piet, 324, 325

Huth, John, 253

Hwang, Wen Liang, 225

I

IBM

Almaden Research Center, 39, 43, 260, 266, 273, 274, 275, 278, 284, 285

Zurich Research Laboratory, 37

Image

compression, 227-228

encoding contours and textures, 233

processing, 219, 220, 223, 224

Imaging

atoms, 38

circular dichromism, 302

solar, 9, 15-18

see also specific technologies

Immune system

elements, 66-69

enhancers, 92

HIV interaction with, 62-63, 86-88

immunological memory, 89

response to infection, 67-70, 81, 291

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

Imperial fault zone, 181

India, 16

Inertial sensor, 56

Information

compression, 213, 217, 226-228, 231

processing, 207, 233

theory, 205

Institut du Globe, 222

Institute for Advanced Study, 22, 324

Institute for Theoretical Physics, 161

Institute of Spectroscopy (Moscow), 49

Integrase, 76, 78, 80, 81, 94

Interferometry, 55-56, 58

Interferons, 95

International Astronomical Union, 152

Interstellar dust, 287

Interstellar lines, diffuse, 287

Io, 124

Ion cooling and trapping, 50-51

Iron, 128

Isoleucine, 310, 311

Isostatic compensation of mountains, 136-137

Italy, GALLEX detector, 27-28

Izenberg, Noam, 148

J

J/psi particle, 242, 244

Jacob, François, 105

Jacobi, Carl, 201-202

Jacoby, Gordon, 176

Jahns, Richards, 169, 171

James, Thomas, 306

Japan, Kamiokande neutrino detectors, 25, 27, 31

Johns Hopkins University, 108, 314

Johnson, Robert D., 260, 271, 273

Johnstone, Iain, 224, 225

Jones, D. E. H., 262

Joyce, James, 239

Jupiter, 124

K

Kaposi's sarcoma, 62, 96

Kasevich, Mark, 54, 56

Kelly, Thomas, 108

Keratin, 301, 302-303

Kerkyacharian, Gerard, 224

Kim, Peter, 298, 301, 302, 308, 311

Kinases, 103, 114

Klawe, Maria, 326

Kolmogorov, Andrei, 226-227

Körner, T. W., 200, 201, 207

Kratschmer, Wolfgang, 268, 275, 276, 277

Kroto, Harold W., 264, 265, 266, 271, 275, 286-288

Kuhn, Jeffrey, 14

L

Lagrange, Joseph, 201

Lamb, Lowell D., 275, 277

Lanthanum, 283

Lasers

atomic manipulations with, 34-35, 56-58

biological applications, 56-58

chirp cooling, 49

cooling of atoms, 48-50, 51

cooling of ions, 50

interferometry, 55-56

molasses beams, 51-52, 53

polarizable molecules in, 316-317

and polystyrene spheres, 57

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 250

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 11

Laws of physics

conservation of energy, 18

conservation of linear and angular momentum, 18-19

Lawson, Andrew, 164

Lay, Thorne, 162

Lederman, Leon, 245

Legionnaire's disease, 61

Leibacher, John, 5, 6, 8

Leighton, Robert, 5

Leighton, Tom, 327

Letokhov, Vladilen, 52

Leucine zipper

asparagine rule, 311-312

coiled coil, 301-302, 308-311

and gene regulation, 298-301

imaging, 302

synthesis, 302

Leukemia, 122

Levi, Barbara Goss, 30

Li, Joachim, 108, 114, 115, 116

Libbrecht, Ken, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16

Ligase, 119, 121

Lindh, Al, 155, 165, 180, 181, 193

Lithium niobate, 317

Long-Duration Exposure Facility, 288

Los Alamos National Laboratory, 20

Lutz, Chris, 43

Lysozyme, 295, 296, 297

M

Macrophages, 68, 69, 71, 72, 82, 86

Magnetic fields

atom cooling, 49

atom trapping with, 52-53, 56

as earthquake precursors, 191

solar, 14, 15

Zeeman effect, 49, 50, 53

Magnetic resonance imaging, 222, 228

Magnetohydrodynamics, 16

Malin, Michael, 143-144, 147, 152

Mallat, Stéphane, 219-220, 221, 224, 225, 232

Marder, Seth, 316-317

Marr, David, 209, 219, 231

Mars

geologic history, 129

surface features, 124

Tharis Mons volcano, 141

Viking landings, 143

Mass extinctions, 323-325

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 147, 165, 209, 225, 301, 318 , 321, 327

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

Materials and Electrochemical Research Corp., 276

Materials science, 316-318

Mathematical analysis

differential equations, 199-200, 203, 228

Fourier's definition, 199

goal of, 201, 203

linear partial differential equations, 200

nonlinear equations, 230

practical applications, 196-197

see also Fourier analysis;

Wavelet analysis

Matrices, compression, 228

Matsumura, Masazumi, 297

Matthews, Brian, 295, 296, 297, 298

Maturation-promoting factor, 103

Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, 267, 276

Maxwell, James Clark, 199, 240

McEvilly, Tom, 166, 167

McIntosh, Lawrence, 303, 308

McKnight, Steven, 298-299, 301, 303, 308

McNutt, Marcia, 165, 166, 169, 187

Medical Research Council (Cambridge, England), 106

Meijer, Gerard, 267, 272

Mendeleev, Dmitri, 238, 239

Mercury (element), ion, 51

Mercury (planet)

geologic history, 129

orbit, 13

Meredith, Gerald, 317

Metcalf, Harold, 49

Meteorites, fullerenes in, 287-288

Meyer, Yves, 196, 197, 207, 208, 209, 213, 216, 217, 218, 219, 221 , 223, 226, 229, 231

Michaels, Al, 178

Michelson Doppler Imager, 17

Michelson interferometer, 16-17

Michigan State University, 5, 14, 196

Microscope

atomic force, 43-44

DNA studies, 104

electron, 117

light, integration with lasers, 57

mathematical, see Wavelet analysis

see also Scanning tunneling microscope

Mikheyev, Stanislav, 30

Military target identification, 231

Milne, John, 168

Milnor, John, 321

Mitoxantrone, 107

Modeling and computer simulations

buckyball simulation, 261

dilatancy-fluid diffusion, 186

distance geometric algorithm, 307

earthquakes, 161, 163, 166, 188

geophysical, 151, 160

leucine zipper, 300-301

MSW (neutrino oscillations), 30

protein structure, 304-307

schwarzite, 278

seismological, 162

solar, 3, 4, 5-6, 10, 11-12, 13-15, 25-26, 28

turbulence, 230

Molecular pliers, 274

Molina, Mario, 318-319

Mononucleosis, 83

Montanari, Alessandro, 324

Moon (Earth's)

Apollo missions, 128

differentiation, 128

geologic activity, 128-129, 152

surface features, 128, 129

Morlet, Jean, 210, 211-212, 215

Morrow, Cherilynn, 12

Moshary, Fred, 278

Mount Wilson, 5

Muons, 20

Music, 205, 207, 208, 229-230, 232

Myosin, 57

N

Nakata, T., 161

Namiki, Noriyuki, 147

Nanocrystals, 323

Nanotechnology, 260, 284

Napoleon, 198-199

National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 152

Goddard Space Flight Center, 13

Pioneer Venus Orbiter, 130-131

Solar and Helispheric Observatory, 17

National Center for Atmospheric Research (Colorado), 12

National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council, 180

National Earthquake Prediction Observatory, 190, 193

National Institute of Standards and Technology, 49, 50-51, 53

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 319

National Science Foundation, 15-16, 169

National Solar Observatory (Tucson), 5, 13, 16

Nature magazine, 19, 302

NEC Corporation, 277

Ne'eman, Yuval, 238

Neptune, 124

Nerve cells, 71, 100

Neurotransmitters, 71

Neutrinos

astronomy, 23

BOREXINO detector, 31

capture, 20, 23, 31

deficits, 18, 25, 26, 28, 31

deuterium oxide detector, 30-31

electron, 20, 22, 23, 30, 31

energy spectra, 28

GALLEX detector, 27-28, 30

high-energy, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28

Homestead detector, 24, 25, 28, 30

hypothesis, 18-19

Kamiokande detectors, 25, 27, 28, 30, 31

lower-energy, 26, 27, 28

muon, 20, 28, 30, 31

observatories, 23-30

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

oscillations, 16, 28, 30

positron, 22

production rates, 26

Project Poltergeist, 20

solar flux, 25

sources, 22, 23, 26, 27, 31

Soviet-American Gallium Experiment, 27, 29, 30

tau, 20, 28, 30, 31

Neutrons, 22

Newton, Isaac, 199, 257

Nickel

atomic surface, 39, 40

in Earth's core, 128

Nobel prize winners, 38, 209, 254, 293

Noise filtration, 223-225

Nonlinear systems, behavior of, 207

Northwestern University, 285

Noyes, Robert, 5

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 269, 271-273, 292, 293, 294, 303, 305-308

Nuclear reactions, proton-proton, 21-22, 23, 26, 27

Nuclear reactors, 20, 31

Nyquist, Harry, 205

O

Oas, Terry, 303, 308

O'Brien, Sean C., 264

Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, 222

Observatory of Nice (France), 9

Oliver, Bernard, 205-206

Olivine, 128

Omega-minus particle, 238, 241

Optical

molasses, 51-52

nonlinear materials, 285

signal switching, 316-317

thin films, 285

transitions, 55

tweezers, 57-58

O'Shea, Erin, 301, 302, 303, 305, 308

Osmium tetroxide, 274

Ozone holes, 318-320

P

Paleoseismology and, 168, 169-172, 178

Paramagnets, 318

Parmentier, Marc, 148

Particle accelerators

Alternating Gradient Synchrotron, 241

beam energy, 238

Bevatron, 244

colliding beam type, 243-245, 251

computer processing of signals, 255

Cosmotron, 243

detectors, 247, 248, 254, 255, 256

discovery of new particles, 237-238

energy of collisional debris, 256

experiments, 21

Large Electron-Positron Collider, 246, 247, 251-252, 253

Large Hadron Collider, 252, 253, 256

magnets, 252-253

m-Phenylene, 317

principles of operation, 237, 239

Stanford Linear Collider, 239, 241, 242, 244, 247, 249

Stanford Positron-Electron Accelerating Ring, 244

Super Proton Synchrotron, 244-245

Superconducting Supercollider, 252, 253, 255-256

synchrotron radiation problems, 251-252

Tevatron, 251

Particle physics

beta decay, 18, 19

electroweak theory, 240, 241, 243, 245, 246, 250, 257

grand unified theories in, 30, 240, 314

Standard Model, 21, 237, 242, 249-250, 257

strong force, 21

SU3 theory, 238, 241, 242

weak nuclear force, 19, 20

see also individual particles

Pathogens

extracellular vs. intracellular, 67-68

immune response to, 69

protective/camouflage mechanisms, 69-70

see also Bacteria;

HIV;

Viruses

Pauli, Wolfgang, 18, 19

Pauling, Linus, 301, 302-303

Peptides, 68, 90, 91

Perchloroethylene, 23, 24, 28

Peyers patches, 82

m-Phenylene, 318

Phillips, Roger, 134, 141, 143, 144, 147-148, 151

Phillips, William, 49

Phosphorylation, 114

Photomultiplier tubes, 20, 25, 31

Photons, cyclic absorption and reemission of, 48-49

Physics

constants, checks of, 55

Nobel prize in, 38

origin of mass, 249, 256

see also Laws of physics

Picard, Dominique, 224

Piezoelectricity, 36, 37

Pierce, John, 205-206

Planck's constant, 55

Planetary

age estimation by crater counting, 129, 132-135

evolution, 128

formation, fullerenes, 287

heat dissipation and generation, 128-130

Planetesimals, 128

Plasma physics, 16

Plastic crystals, 273

Plate tectonics, 129-130, 131, 136, 139-140, 150, 160, 161, 172, 173-174, 193

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

Platinum, 41

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, 62

Pockels effect, 316, 317

Poincaré, Henri, 201

Polchinski, Joseph, 251

Polio, 61, 81

Polymer elasticity, 57

Polymerases, 111, 117, 119, 120, 121

Polymerization reactions, 119

Polypeptides, 115-116

Polystyrene spheres, lasing, 56

Pomerantz, Martin, 13

Pontecorvo, Bruno, 23, 30

Positrons, 22, 45-46, 237, 244, 250

Potassium, 280-282

Primase, 111, 120

Princeton University, 326

Priscilla Positron, 45-46, 50

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen, 111

Protease, 78, 80

Proteins

accessory, for DNA replication, 116-122

alpha helices, 298-303

amino acid sequence, 292-293, 296, 304

anatomy of, 292

C-EBP, 300

cancer diagnostic system, 314

cell-free extracts, 108

cell regulatory, 103

coiled coil, 301, 303, 308-311, 313

core, 297, 298

crystallization for analysis, 294, 304, 308

defects, 290

designing, 291, 297-298

dna A, 110, 111, 116

DNA-binding, 300

DNA coding and manufacture of, 75-76

DNA initiator, 105, 108, 110, 111, 113

electron density data, 304-305

folding, 292-294, 295, 297, 300, 301, 308-311, 312

fos, 300

helix destabilizing, 117

HIV synthesis and assembly of, 78-79, 80

jun, 300

leucine zipper, 298-304, 308

manipulation of, 290-291

myc, 300

Nef, 79, 87

NMR analysis, 292, 293, 294-295, 303, 307

nuclear, 106

onco-, 108

properties, 292

rep, 120

regulatory, 103, 298-301

replication, 111

Rev, 79, 94

single-stranded DNA-binding, 117, 120

stability of, 295-297

structure predictions from sequence, 312-314

superstable, 297-298

Tat, 78-79, 86-87, 94

three-dimensional structure, 291-292, 293

x-ray crystallography, 292, 293-294, 296, 302-308

Protons, 21, 22, 252

Proto-oncogenes, 300

Puerto Rico, 127

Pyroxene, 128

Q

Quantum chromodynamics, 46

Quantum-confined semiconductors, 321-323

Quantum dots, 323

Quantum electrodynamics, 46, 55, 240

Quantum mechanics, 46, 55, 56, 204, 210, 220, 236, 240, 246

Quantum wells, 323

Quantum wires, 323

Quarks, 46, 252

bottom, 245, 248

charm, 241, 242, 245, 254

detector requirements, 254

down, 241

electric charge, 239

masses, 250

number of families, 247, 250

strange, 241, 245

top, 245, 248, 253, 256, 257

up, 241

Quate, Calvin, 38, 43, 45

Quills, 302-303

R

Radio frequency currents, 191

Radiocarbon dating, 171, 172

Radiometric dating, 170, 171

Raman spectroscopy, 269, 270-271, 279

Raubertas, Richard, 134

Reed, Mark A., 284

Regis Chemical Company, 276

Reid, Harry Fielding, 161, 173

Reines, Frederick, 20

Replication factor c, 111

Research Corporation Technologies, 276, 285

Reverse transcriptase, 74, 76, 78, 80, 81, 90, 93, 94

Reverse transcription, 76-77, 81

Reynolds number for atmospheric interactions, 230

Rhodes, Edward, 10

Ribonuclease, 292-293

Rice, Jim, 187

Rice University, 264, 283, 286

Richter, Burton, 241, 242

Richter, Charles F., 158

RNA

central dogma, 75-76

HIV, 80-81

primer, 118, 119, 120

Rocket propellant, 285-286

Rohrer, Heinrich, 37-38

Rokhlin, Vladimir, 228-229

Rosen, Hal J., 271

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

Roswell Park Cancer Institute, 114

Rousseau, Jean Jacques, 229-230

Rubbia, Carlo, 245, 253, 254

Rubidium, 282

Russia

Institute of Spectroscopy (Moscow), 49

see also Soviet

S

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 112, 113, 114

Sampling theorem, 205, 220

San Andreas fault, 154, 155

characteristic earthquake model applied to, 167

creeping section, 165

extent, 164

failure potential, 175, 183

history of earthquakes on, 170, 172, 176-177

Loma Prieta earthquake and motion on, 179

locked-up section, 165

offsets, 169-170, 174

probabilities of earthquakes on, 181

San Bernardino Mountains segment, 175

Santa Cruz segment, 180, 183

seismic cycle, 167-168

shear strain, 185

slip rates, 174, 179

San Jacinto fault system, 181

Sandblow formations, 170

Savannah River reactor, 20

Scandium, 283, 284

Scanning tunneling microscope

atomic switching application, 42-43

buckyball photograph, 269, 274, 275

features, 36-37

first, 37-38

imaging, 38-39, 40, 41

limitations of, 43-45

manipulation of atoms, 34, 40, 41, 56

precision of, 35-36, 44-45

principle, 36

problems, 38

tunneling current, 37

Schaber, Gerald, 132, 133-134, 135, 143, 144, 149, 151

Schawlow, Arthur, 51

Scholz, Chris, 180, 186

Schroedinger, Erwin, 236

Schwarzite, 278-279

Scripps Research Institute, 297

Segall, Paul, 166

Segre, Emilio, 244

Seismic

cycle, 168, 182-183

tomography, 162

waves, 162, 163, 179

Seismographs, 161, 162, 168

Seismography, 158

Seismology, 162

Seismometers, network, 191

Semiconductors, 260, 285

quantum-confined, 321-323

Shannon, Claude, 205, 220

Sheehan, Peter, 324

Shinomura, Katsumi, 320-321

Shungite, 287

Sibson, Rick, 186

Sickle cell anemia, 290

Sieh, Kerry, 169-172, 173-178, 179, 183, 193

Signal processing, 209, 210

Silvera, Isaac, 278

Simon, George, 5, 10

Sister chromatids, 102

Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 108

Smalley, Richard E., 264, 277, 286

Smallpox, 61

Smirnov, Alexi, 30

Smit, Jan, 324

Smith, Paul J., 106, 107

Smrekar, Suzanne, 135, 138, 140-141, 145-146, 147-148, 152

Sodium atoms, 48-50, 54

Solar/sun

acoustic waves, 3-12, 13-18, 26

astronomy, 3, 9

boron reactions, 22, 23, 25

convection cells, 3, 4, 16

convection zone, 4, 6, 10, 12, 13, 14, 26

core, 13, 18, 26, 28

coronal holes, 3

cycle, 14, 15, 26, 319

Doppler shifts, 5, 9, 15-16, 17

f-modes, 6

flares, 3, 14

flux tubes, 14

fusion reactions, 4

g-modes, 6, 18

granules, 5

helium production, 22, 25

imaging, 9, 15-18

inner rotation, 4, 11-12, 13, 16, 26

magnetic fields, 14, 15

modeling and computer simulations, 3, 4, 5-6, 10, 11-12, 13-15, 25 -26, 28

neutrinos, 18-21, 22, 23-30

opacity, 11, 14

p-modes, 6, 8, 10, 14

power source, 21-23, 240

prominences, 3

radiative transfer, 16

spectral measurements, 5

speed of sound in, 11, 26

spots, 2, 14

surface, 3, 6, 7

telescopes, 5

temperatures, 7, 14, 25, 28

turbulent convection, 7

see also Helioseismology

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, 17

Solomon, Sean, 147

Sound waves, 203-204, 205

Soviet-American Gallium Experiment, 27

Soviet Union

Veneras missions, 127, 130, 131

wavelet analysis, 229

Space exploration

Apollo missions, 128

Magellan, 125-126, 131-132, 134, 135, 140, 142-143, 144, 148, 150

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

Mariner missions, 127

Pioneer Venus Orbiter, 130-131, 136, 137, 141

with radio telescopes, 127

Soviet, 127, 128, 130

Venera missions, 127, 128, 132

Viking landings, 143

Voyager2, 124

Speech compression, 233

Speed of light, 55

Stanford University, 38, 43, 51, 52, 54, 112, 165, 166, 169, 185, 224

Stars

carbon-rich, 264, 267, 286

core temperature, 21

see also Solar/sun

Static electricity, 51-52

Statistics, wavelet transforms in, 224

Steigerwald, Michael, 322

Stein, Robert, 5, 6, 8

Stillman, Bruce, 106, 108, 111, 113, 114-115

Stock, Joann, 191, 192

Streisinger, George, 295, 296

Strichartz, Robert, 214

Strom, Robert, 132

Stromberg, J. O., 218

Stuvier, Minze, 171

Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, 30-31

Sulfuric acid, 127

Sun, see Solar/sun

Superantigens, 87

Superconducting wires, 282

Superconductivity, 260, 280-281

Supersonic cluster beam device, 264

Surfaces, reactions on, 44

SV40

DNA replication studies in, 105, 108-109, 111

T antigen, 108, 111

Swift, Jonathan, 34

Swinburne, Nicola, 324

Switzerland

IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, 37

T

T antigen, 108, 111, 113, 116

T-cells

CD4 surface molecules, 71, 72, 74, 77, 80, 81, 82, 86, 90-91, 92, 93

helper, 68-69, 70, 71-72, 82, 85, 86, 87-88, 93

killer, 68, 69, 71-72, 84, 86, 87, 88

Tang, Wade, 271

Tarjan, Robert, 326

TATA box, 114

Tau, 21

Telescopes, 2

radio, 127

tungsten, 36

underground, 23-30

Teller, Edward, 38

Temperature

ultralow, 54, 55-56

wavelet analysis, 214

Tetanus, 61

Tetramers, 309, 310

Thatcher, Wayne, 191

Ting, Samuel, 241, 242

Titanium, 283

Tjian, Robert, 108

Topoisomerases, 106, 120-121

Topology, 320-321

Toxic shock syndrome, 61

Trimers, 309, 310

Trimethylenemethane, 317

Triton, 124

Trypsin inhibitor, 302

Tsunami, 324, 325

Tuberculosis, 61-62, 91

Tullis, Terry, 188

Tungsten, 38

Turbulence, wavelet analysis applied to, 228-230

Turcott, Donald, 137-138, 140, 147, 151, 152

Tycko, Robert, 273

Typhoid, 61

U

Ubiquitin, 103

Ulrich, Roger, 5, 6, 8, 10, 22

Ultraviolet radiation, 121, 122

University of

Arizona, 132, 268, 274, 275, 276

Birmingham (Great Britain), 9

British Columbia, 326

California at Berkeley, 108, 114, 163, 166, 171, 224, 244, 254, 274

, 291, 324

California at Irvine, 58

California at Los Angeles, 5, 259, 281, 282, 284, 285-286, 312

California at San Francisco, 114, 306

California at Santa Barbara, 112, 259

California at Santa Cruz, 155, 162, 165

Chicago, 219, 326

Colorado, 12, 226

Edinburgh, 249

Illinois at Urbana, 219, 276

Nevada at Reno, 188

Nijmegen, 267

Oregon, 295

Paris-Dauphine, 196

Paris-Jussieu, 224

Pennsylvania, 23, 219

Picardy, 234

Rochester, 134

South Carolina, 225

Southern California, 10

Sussex, 264, 271, 286

Texas, 251

Utah, 290-291, 298, 314

Washington, 45, 171

U.S. Geological Survey, 132, 155, 163, 165, 168, 179, 182, 183, 191, 193

V

Vaccines

BCG, 91

development approaches, 90, 91

HIV, 89-91

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

and immunological memory, 89

polio, 89

viral mutability and, 90-91, 92

Vahala, Kerry, 323

Valine, 310

Van der Waals force, 39

Van Wyck, Chris, 326

Veltman, Martinus, 250

Venice (floods), 207

Venus

Aphrodite Terra, 130, 132, 136, 142, 148, 149

apparent depth of compensation, 136-137, 140, 148, 149

atmosphere, 126, 127, 130, 132

Beta Regio, 144, 148

Cleopatra crater, 146-147

clouds, 126-127

coronae, 125-126, 139-140, 142, 144

crater controversy, 131-135, 144-147, 148-149

distributed deformation hypothesis, 149-151

Eistla Regio, 141-142, 149, 151

fractures, 139, 144

geologic activity, 130, 131, 132-133, 139-140, 142-143

global resurfacing model, 132-135, 138, 151

gravity anomalies, 142, 148

gravity map, 136, 137, 141

heat transfers, 137, 138-139

''hibernating Venus," hypothesis, 151

hot spots, 147-148

hypsometric profile, 131

Ishtar Terra, 130, 136, 142

isostatic compensations, 141

landslides, 147

Lavinia Planitia, 136, 150

lithosphere, 131, 137, 138-138, 140, 142, 145, 147, 148, 149-150, 151, 152

lithospheric recycling, 139-140

Magellan exploration of, 125, 130-131, 134, 135, 142-143, 144, 148, 150

mantle convection, 141

Maxwell Montes, 145-146, 147, 152

naming of features, 152

orbit, 152

pressures, 127

quakes, 147

residuum layer, 147-148

River Styx, 126

RMS slope map, 144-145

runaway greenhouse heating, 142

seismic lander, 152

size, mass, and composition, 126, 127

Soviet exploration of, 127, 130, 131, 132

surface features, 125, 127, 130, 131, 141-142

tectonic activity, 143-147, 148, 150, 152

temperatures, 127, 138

terrain classes, 149

tesserae, 125, 145

volcanism, 140-143, 148

winds, 127

Vibrio harveyi, 110

Viruses

assembly of components, 79-80

DNA replication, 108, 111, 114

interaction with host cell receptors, 71

interior probes, 135-138

genetic complexity, 99

replication, 67, 72, 73, 75, 105

retroviruses, 76, 78, 79-80;

see also HIV

structure, 63-64, 73

T4 lysozyme, 295

violation of central dogma, 76-77

Vogelstein, Bert, 314

Volcanoes/volcanism

coronae, 142

hot spot, 141

lunar, 129

mega-eruption, 132

Venusian, 125, 131, 141-143, 148

von Weizsacker, Carl, 21

VP-16

W

W particles, 243, 244, 245, 250, 253, 254

Wallace, Robert, 164, 173-174, 178

Wallace Creek offsets, 174

Washington University, 134, 223

Watson, James, 98, 293, 305

Waveform dictionaries, 232

Wavelet analysis

algorithmic compression, 228

algorithms for calculation of coefficients, 220

applications, 197, 213, 220, 222-223

in astronomy, 222-223

basis, 224

coefficient calculations, 211-212, 230

compact support, 220, 221

comparison of coefficients at different resolutions, 223

continuous representations, 215, 217, 225, 229

cross-disciplinary nature of, 210

Daubechies wavelet, 215, 221

fingerprint compression, 231

goals of analysis, 211

Harr function and, 218

and Heisenberg uncertainty principle, 221-222

history of, 198, 209-211

in image processing, 219, 220, 222, 224

imprecision about frequency, 222

information compression with, 213, 217, 226-228, 229, 231-232

interpretation problems, 225-226

limitations of, 231

Matching Pursuits systems, 232-233

maxima, 225

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
×

Morlet wavelet, 215

multiresolution component, 212-213, 216-217, 219-220, 221

in music, 229, 232

noise filtration, 223-225

in ocean current studies, 222

order of wavelets, 215

othogonal transforms, 217-218, 220, 221, 225, 229-230

packets, 229, 231, 232

reconstruction of signal, 216, 224

redundancy in, 216-218

sampling theorem and, 220

scaling function, 214-216

in statistics, 224

target identification by helicopters, 231

theorems proved with, 222

turbulence and, 228-230

unification of, 219-220

wavelet transform, 212-213, 214-216, 217, 224

windowed Fourier analysis in, 211

Weakly interacting massive particles, 26

Weather prediction, 229

Weaver, John, 222, 228

Weinberg, Steven, 240, 251

Weinland, David, 50-51

Wendt, H. Russell, 267

Whetten, Robert L., 260, 263, 281, 282, 284, 285-286

White, Ray, 314

Whitehead, J. H. C., 320

Whitehead Institute, 298

Wickerhauser, Victor, 196, 223, 231, 232

Wilkerson, John, 20, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 30, 31

Wilson, Kenneth, 209

Wilson, Robert, 274

Wolfenstein, Lincoln, 30

Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, 180, 183

X

X-ray crystallography, 274, 292, 293-294, 296, 303-305, 306, 307, 308, 310

Xenon, 39, 40, 41

Xeroderma pigmentosum, 122

Y

Yale University, 196, 228, 232, 284

Yannoni, Costantino, 273, 274

Yeasts, 99, 103, 111-114, 115-116, 120-121, 122

Yttrium, 283

Z

Z particle, 240, 241, 243-248, 251, 253, 254

Zeeman effect, 49, 50, 53

Zeolites, 43

Zhang, Xue-Jun, 296

Zhang, Zhifeng, 224, 232

Zirconium, 283

Zoback, Mark, 185

Zweig, George, 239

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2110.
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Page 348
A Positron Named Priscilla: Scientific Discovery at the Frontier Get This Book
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A Positron Named Priscilla is a book of wonder, offering a fascinating, readable overview of cutting-edge investigations by many of today's leading young scientists. Written for anyone who loves science, this volume reports on some of the most exciting recent discoveries and advances in fields from astronomy to molecular biology.

This new book is from one of the world's most prestigious scientific institutions, the National Academy of Sciences. The Academy provides an annual forum for the brightest young investigators to exchange ideas across disciplines—an exchange that was the spark for A Positron Named Priscilla.

Each chapter is authored by a popular science writer who offers helpful historical perspectives, clear and well-illustrated explanations of current scientific thinking, and previews of future developments. The scope of topics and breadth of discussion ensure interest at all levels. Topics include:

  • Planetary science and the compelling glimpse through the clouded atmosphere of Venus afforded by the spacecraft Magellan.
  • Astrophysics and the emergence of helioseismology, a new field that allows researchers to probe the interior workings of the sun.
  • Biology and what we have learned about DNA in the 40 years since its discovery; our current understanding of protein molecules, the "building blocks" of living systems; and the high-tech search for answers to the AIDS epidemic.
  • Physics and our new-found ability to move and manipulate individual atoms on a surface. The book also tells the remarkable story of "buckyballs," or buckminsterfullerenes, a form of carbon discovered only a few years ago, that have the potential to be used in a variety of important applications, from superconductivity to nanotechnology.
  • Mathematics and the rise of "wavelet" theory, and how mathematicians are applying it in sometimes startling ways, from assisting the FBI with fingerprint storage to coaxing the secrets from a battered recording of Brahms playing the piano.
  • Geosciences and the search for "clocks in the earth" to make life-saving earthquake predictions.

A Positron Named Priscilla is a "must" read for anyone who wants to keep up with a broad range of scientific endeavor.

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