. "5 Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids ." Adverse Events Associated with Childhood Vaccines: Evidence Bearing on Casuality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1994.
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Adverse Events Associated with Childhood Vaccines: Evidence Bearing on Causality
Study, Vaccines
Hypotension
Wheezing
Upper Airway Obstruction
Other
Epinephrine
Analphylaxis
Bilyk and Dubchik, 1978: tetanus
Yes
Dyspnea, "tightness" in chest
No
Better in hours
Yes
Yes
Mansfield et al., 1986: rick skin test: tetanus
Yes
Yes
No
Urticaria 7 yr ago after tetanus + antitoxin
Yes
Yes
Ovens. 1986: diphtheria; tetanus; polio
Yes
Yes
Yes
Resolved
Yes
Yes
Mandal, 1980; tetanus
?
No
Yes
Resolved in 12 h with antihistamines, dexamethasone
Table 5-1. One of the 13 cases of anaphylaxis from 1933 was described in a review by Regamey (1965). Three occurred in 1940 and were presumed (by skin testing) to be related to contamination of the vaccine by Witte peptones (Parish and Oakley, 1940; Whittingham, 1940). Two deaths occurred in association with tetanus toxoid administered as a single antigen. In the 1965 review, Regamey reported a fatality in a 20-year-old man 2 hours after he received his third tetanus toxoid injection. This patient had a history of an episode of collapse and convulsions after receiving his second dose of tetanus toxoid. In 1973, Staak and Wirth reported the death of a 24-year-old woman 30 minutes after receiving an injection of tetanus toxoid.
