Scientific Communication and National Security

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Scientific Communication and National Security (1982)
Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (COSEPUP)

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. "Appendix F: The Role of Foreign Nationals Studying or Working in U.S. Universities and Other Sectors." Scientific Communication and National Security. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1982.

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Scientific Communication and National Security

TABLE 9 Employed Science/Engineering Ph.D.s with Foreign Citizenship in the United States in 1981 by Selected Primary Work Activity and Area of National Interest

Area of Interest		Total^a	Research and Development				Management
Area of Interest		Total^a	Area Total	Basic Research	Applied Research	Development/Design	Area Total	of R&D	Teaching	Consulting/Professional Services
Total Employed^b	N	1,328	675	364	226	85	115	74	375	84
	H%^c	100.0	52.8	24.6	18.7	9.4	10.3	67	25.3	6.3
	V%^c	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Education (Not Teaching)	N	64	17	12	3	2	7	1	30	5
Education (Not Teaching)	H%	100.0	26.6	24.1	1.7	0.9	18.6	1.0	42.9	7.3
	V%	4.3	2.2	4.2	0.4	0.4	7.8	0.6	7.3	5.0
Health	N	273	171	126	39	6	23	14	49	19
	H%	100.0	68.2	50.4	12.5	5.3	7.5	5.3	15.6	5.9
	V%	16.0	20.7	32.7	10.7	9.0	11.8	12.9	9.8	15.1
Defense	N	29	18	3	10	5	1	1	8	2
	H%	100.0	58.4	6.9	24.4	27.1	1.3	1.3	36.0	4.3
	V%	2.9	3.2	0.8	3.8	8.3	0.4	0.6	4.1	2.0
Space	N	33	27	17	7	3	2	2	4	–
	H%	100.0	85.7	47.8	21.0	16.9	8.2	8.2	6.1	–
	V%	2.8	4.5	5.4	3.1	5.0	2.2	3.4	0.7	–
Energy or Fuel	N	119	75	22	38	15	6	6	25	10
	H%	100.0	56.6	11.7	24.0	20.9	6.6	6.6	22.7	12.6
	V%	12.5	13.4	5.9	16.0	27.7	8.0	12.4	11.2	24.9
NOTE: In view of the lack of a comprehensive sampling frame for foreign-earned doctorates in the United States, few additions of segment seven cases have been made to the sample since the 1973 survey. Therefore, the number of science and engineering Ph.D.s who are foreign citizens may be somewhat underestimated. ^aThese figures may represent more than the totals presented in the table. ^bIncludes those individuals who were full-time employed, part-time employed, or on postdoctoral appointments. ^cH%=Horizontal percentage. V%=Vertical percentage. SOURCE: 1981 Survey of Doctorate Recipients, National Research Council.