paper, and cotton can produce fires and explosions. Oxidizable organic compounds including alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, ethers, and dialkyl sulfoxides can react violently with concentrated perchloric acid.

All perchlorates are potentially hazardous when in contact with reducing agents.

Storage and Handling

Because of their extreme reactivity, perchloric acid and all organic and inorganic perchlorates should be handled using the "basic prudent practices" of Chapter 5.C, supplemented by the additional precautions for work with reactive and explosive compounds (Chapter 5.G). In particular, splash goggles and rubber gloves should be worn when handling perchloric acid, and containers of the acid should be stored in a well-ventilated location separated from organic substances and other combustible materials. Work with >85% perchloric acid requires special precautions and should be carried out only by specially trained personnel.

Accidents

In the event of skin contact, immediately wash with soap and water and remove contaminated clothing. In case of eye contact, promptly wash with copious amounts of water for 15 min (lifting upper and lower lids occasionally) and obtain medical attention. If perchloric acid is ingested, obtain medical attention immediately. If large amounts of this compound are inhaled, move the person to fresh air and seek medical attention at once.

In the event of a spill, dilute the perchloric acid with water to a concentration of <5%, absorbed with sand or vermiculite, place in an appropriate container, and dispose of properly. Organic absorbants must not be used. Respiratory protection may be necessary in the event of a large spill or release in a confined area.

Disposal

Excess perchloric acid and waste material containing this substance should be placed in an appropriate container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution's waste disposal guidelines. For more information on disposal procedures, see Chapter 7 of this volume.