National Academies Press: OpenBook
« Previous: References
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 217
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 218
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 219
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 220
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 221
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 222
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 223
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 224
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 225
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 226
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 227
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 228
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 229
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1997. In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4956.
×
Page 230

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

Index Index A physician attitudes, 160 prenatal and maternity, 161-168 Abortions preventive services, 158 access to, 157, 158 in public hospital clinics, 161 adolescents, 66, 67-68, 77 shortage of practitioners, 162 contraception and, 70, 81, 84 structural barriers, 159-160 developing world, 39 Addiction. See also Alcohol abuse and procedures, 83 alcoholism; Cigarette smoking; rates, 77, 81, 82-83 Drug abuse and addiction Roe v. Wade, 77 gender differences, 9, 26-29 RU 486, 84-85 nicotine, 64 septic, 90 research on women, 184-185 waiting period, 83 Adhesions, 86 Abstinence, 79, 81 Adolescents. See also Puberty Access to health care abortions, 66, 67-68, 77 AIDS patients, 161 Amish cohort, 48 elderly, 156, 157, 170-173 breastfeeding, 141 financial barriers, 155-156, 161-162 cigarette smoking, 63-64 gender differences, 154, 155 contraception, 68 geographic barriers, 162 dieting, 147 low-income persons, 157-158 eating disorders, 62-63 malpractice liability concerns and, gender differentiation process, 45- 162-168 46, 57 Medicaid acceptance by physicians, health risks, 43-44 158 217

I N H E R O W N R I G H T mental health, 47-49, 60-61 A.H. Robins, 202 miscarriages, 66 AIDS, 95, 161, 173, 179, 184, 187, nutrition, 141 190-191, 192 pregnancy, 66, 77, 136 Akil, Huda, 37 prenatal care, 90 Alan Guttmacher Institute, 68 risky behaviors, 64-65 Alcohol abuse and alcoholism self-image, 61-63 adolescents, 48, 65 sexual context of, 58 denial, 94 sexually transmitted diseases, 66, 85 depression and, 93, 94 stressors, 26, 48, 58, 63 enabling, 94 substance abuse, 61, 63, 185 gender differences, 22-23, 27, 28, suicide, 60-61, 63 65-66, 124, 184-185 Advertising, cigarette, 63, 64 marriage and, 92-93 African Americans and nutrition, 122 AIDS, 95 physical consequences, 66, 93 breast cancer, 158 research on women, 184-185 breastfeeding, 138-140, 141 treatment, 93-94, 160-161 cervical cancer, 158-159 Alcohol and the Jews, 185 contraceptive use, 69 Alcohol, Chemical Dependency, and elder care, 171 Compulsive Gambling infant mortality, 89 Programs, 28 infertility, 87-88 Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental maternal mortality, 90 Health Administration, 28, 193 nutrition, 141 Alcoholics Anonymous, 93 obesity/overweight, 131 Alzheimer’s disease, 36 prenatal care, 90 American College of Obstetricians and teen pregnancy, 66, 90 Gynecologists, 91, 136 weight gain or loss, 136, 147 American Dietetic Association, 136 African women, 107 American School Health Association, Age/aging 66 and bereavement, 112-114 Androgens, 24-25 demographics, 18, 111-112 Anemia, 8, 39, 125, 137 and disability, 144 Anorexia nervosa, 62-63 female perspective, 111-112 Antibodies, antisperm, 87 and fitness, 49 Antisocial personality disorder, 22, 23, and health status, 40-41, 114-115 27 hormones and, 37 Anxiety, 27, 47, 48, 92, 94 and status of women, 107-109 Artificial insemination, 86 and weight, 131, 136 Attention deficits, 56 Aggression, 24-25 Autoimmune diseases, 22 218

Index origins, 8-9, 36 B race and, 158 research, 106-107, 109 Baby boom generation, 115, 192 risk of, 21, 111 Baltimore Longitudinal Study of screening, 111, 153, 158 Aging, 193 treatment, 84 Bangladesh, 39 Breastfeeding, 80 Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth, 120-121, calcium metabolism, 142 122, 126 characteristics of nursing mothers, Bass & Howes, 187 138-141 Battering, 160 and nutrition, 120, 134-135, 141, Baulieu, Étienne-Émile, 83 142 Beauty standards, 46-48, 62, 125-126, and obesity/overweight, 142-143 148 Brown, Louise, 86 Beecher, Harry K., 188 Bulimia, 47, 48, 62-63 Benet, Leslie Z., 186 Bush, President, 193 Benign breast tumors, 82 Bereavement, 112-114 Bipolar disorder (manic depression), C 22, 23, 92 Blood pressure, 36 Calcium, 8, 70, 122, 126, 127, 137, Blume, Sheila, 28, 185 142, 144 Body composition and size, 29-31, Canada, 67 46-48, 128-131, 144-145 Cancer screening, 111, 157, 158-159 Body mass index, 128-131 Cardiovascular disorders Bone fractures, 21, 30-31, 122 age and, 19-20, 21 Bone tissue losses, 30-31, 48, 110, 111, arrhythmias, 21 122, 144 cigarette smoking and, 28, 183 Boston Nurses Study, 198 contraception and, 80 Boston Women’s Health Collective, Coronary Drug Project, 183 190 differential treatment of women, 8, Brain cancer, 85 20, 183 Brain structure and function, 37-38 Framingham project, 182 Breakfast of the Birds, 103 Lipid Research Clinic, 183 Breast cancer menopause and, 110, 182-183 access to care, 158 mortality of women, 19-20, 183 childbearing age and, 8-9, 99 Multiple Risk Factor Intervention fat and, 8-9, 144, 147 Trial, 183, 193, 198 First Ladies, 4 nutrition and, 70, 99, 120 hormone replacement therapy and, Physicians’ Health Study, 183 110 prevention studies, 109 mortality, 158 research on women, 182-183 nutrition and, 120, 144 risk factors, 183 219

I N H E R O W N R I G H T Cassatt, Mary, 51, 73 Cohler, Bertram, 19, 43, 112, 113-115 Cataracts, 144 Colon cancer, 36 Center for Women’s Health Columbia University College of Research, 154 Physicians and Surgeons, 91 Centers for Disease Control and Committee on Research in Problems Prevention, 86, 167, 184 of Sex, 202 Cervical cancer, 99, 153, 158-159 Community and migrant health Cervical cap, 81 centers, 164-165 Chastity, 59, 68 Condoms, female, 97-98 Chestnut, Charles, 70-71 Condoms, male, 67, 68, 78, 79, 80- Child care, 93, 157, 161 81, 95, 96, 99 Children/childhood Conger, John J., 26, 47-48, 56, 58, diet and nutrition, 56 60, 61, 62 diseases and disorders, 56 Congressional Office of Technology gender differentiation process, 44- Assessment, 89-90 45, 56-57 Contraception/contraceptives. See also mental health, 24, 56 specific contraceptives sexual abuse, 25, 56 abortion and, 70, 81, 84 socioeconomic contexts, 56 access to, 157 survival, 55-56 adolescent use of, 67, 68-70 Chlamydia, 85 costs, 82 Cholesterol, 110 Dalkon Shield disaster, 81, 190, Cigarette smoking 202-203 adolescents, 63-65, 70 Depo-Provera, 203 advertising, 63, 64 distribution, 82 and contraceptive use, 82 drawbacks, 79-80 and drug abuse, 65 effectiveness, 80-81 health effects, 28, 36, 111 FDA approval, 203 longevity and, 17-18, 112 health risks, 82, 120 and menopause, 105 and HIV infection, 95-96 mental health status and, 27 implants, 79, 80 metabolism of nicotine, 27 options, 79 and pregnancy and childbearing, oral, 60, 67, 69, 70, 77, 78, 79, 80- 137 81, 82, 83, 120 “scarlet woman” image, 63 research, 70, 81-82, 193, 196, 201- Surgeon General’s Report, 63 204 and weight control, 48 and sexually transmitted diseases, women’s rates, 18-19, 27, 28 99 Circumcision, female, 41 social effects, 59, 60 Clayton, Paula J., 48 spermicides, 79, 81, 95 Clinton, President, 84, 193 use, 78 Cognitive function, 144 Cornell University, 47, 143 220

Index Coronary Drug Project, 183 hormones and, 24 Coronary heart disease, 18 postpartum, 92 Cragin, E.B., 91 sexual abuse and, 25 Creoles, 107 sources, 92 Cultural factors DES, 188-189, 190 bereavement, 113 Developing countries in diet, 122-125 life expectancy, 39 in eating disorders, 47-48 women’s nutrition, 9, 123-125 entry into adulthood, 75-76 Diabetes, 80 gender inequalities, 40, 96-97 Diaphragms, 69, 79, 81, 95, 99 longevity and, 38-40 Diet. See also specific nutrients mental health and, 38, 47-48 beauty standards and, 125-126 and obesity and overweight, 126, consequences of, 8, 143-145 131-132, 134 cultural factors in, 122-125 physical health and, 19, 40-43 gender roles and, 124 postreproductive status, 107-108 guidelines, 122, 123 protective customs, 59-60 “magic bullets,” 121 sexual permissivity, 59, 61 Dietary supplements, 121, 137, Cureton, Kirk J., 29 144 Cushing’s syndrome, 85 Dieting. See also Weight and exercise, 146-147 extreme, 137 D and metabolism, 147 results, 145-146 Dairy products, 120, 122-124, 126 successful programs, 147 Dalhousie University, 196 yo-yo, 147 DeBruin, Debra, 197 Differentiation, sexual, 16 Deirdre, 207 Discrimination, 133, 148 Dementia, 113 Divorce, 93, 156 Demographics, gender differences, 18, Dixon, Wendy Fay, 207 111-112 Dopamine, 47 Depo-Provera, 203 Drug abuse and addiction Depression (major) adolescents, 27, 44, 65, 70 adolescents, 44, 46-47, 60-61 cigarette smoking and, 65 alcoholism and, 93, 94, 160 gender differences in, 22, 23, 28- childhood, 24 29, 35 circadian rhythms and, 25 health consequences of, 66 drug abuse and, 27 HIV infection, 94, 95, 96 eating disorders and, 47 male influence on females, 65 elderly women, 113-114 metabolism, 28-29, 37 gender differences in, 8, 9, 22, 23- physiology and, 37 24, 48 Dysthymia, 22, 23 221

I N H E R O W N R I G H T E Fetal development, 16-17, 55 East Germany (former), 83 monitoring, 91, 168-169 Eating disorders, 9, 29, 35, 44, 47-48, nutrition, 135 125-126. See also specific disorders research, 87, 193 Education, 76, 138 Fibroid tumors, 84, 186, 196 Egypt, 39 Fillmore, Kaye, 92, 93 Elderly women Finland, 88 access to care, 156, 157, 170-173 Folate, 137 bereavement, 112-114 Food and Nutrition Board, 7-8, 136 demographics, 18 Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act, 187 disability, 111, 171 Ford, Betty, 4 family caretakers, 171, 172 Fractures. See Bone fractures long-term care, 157, 170-173 Framingham project, 182 medication use, 20-21 France, 67, 83, 84 nutritional needs, 143-145 Frank, Ellen, 23-24, 25, 38, 58, 59-60 widowhood, 112-114, 171, 172 Fridlund, Karen, 126, 127 Elixir Sulfanilamide, 187 Embryonic development, 16, 38 Emory University Medical School, 20 G Employment issues, 154, 156 Gaal, Aniko, 1 Endometrial cancer, 82, 110 Gamete interfallopian transfer (GIFT), Endometriosis, 84, 86, 87 86-87 Energy requirements, 127, 141 Garn, Stanley M., 29 England and Wales, 67 Gastric surgery, 133, 146 Epidemiological Catchment Area Gender study, 22 differentiation process, 44-47 Estrogen, 110 inequalities, 40, 96-97, 181-183 Exercise, 8, 49, 57, 70, 111, 145, 146- ratios, 39, 173 147 roles, 40-41, 49, 77, 94, 107-108, 124, 195-196 F Gender differences access to health care, 154, 155 Faculté de Médecine Paris-sud, 83 addiction, 9, 26-29, 37 Family planning clinics, 67, 68-69, 82, alcohol abuse, 22-23, 27, 28, 65 157 behavioral, 35-36, 38, 44 Fashion, and health, 42-43 body composition and size, 29-31 Fat, dietary, 8-9, 110, 120, 122, 144, brain structure and function, 37-38 147 child development history, 44 Fee, Elizabeth, 187, 189, 190, 192, cultural considerations, 38-43 196 demographic, 18 Fertility, body fat and, 134 diet and nutrition, 120, 123-124 222

Index embryonic development, 16, 38 Health insurance, 76, 87-88, 155-157, genetic, 15-16 161-162 illness, 17, 19, 154-155 Health maintenance organizations, immune response, 8, 18 159 income spending patterns, 124 Hearing loss, 21 longevity, 17-22 Heart. See Cardiovascular disorders mental health, 22-26, 37-38, 38 Henderson, Maureen M., 18, 20, 21, metabolism, 27 28, 37, 48 sexual development, 58-59 Hepatitis B vaccine, 18 sleep requirements, 25 Hispanics social development, 56-57 AIDS, 95 tobacco use, 17-19 breastfeeding, 139-140 weight gain or loss, 131, 147 contraception, 80, 97 General Accounting Office, 192-193 obesity/overweight, 131 Genetics HIV infection, 66, 86, 94, 95-96 eating disorders, 47-48 Homosexuality, 36 gender differences, 15-16 Hong Kong, 77, 88 Goldstein, Jill, 49 Hormone replacement therapy, 110- Gonadotrophins, 120 111 Gonorrhea, 85 Hormones. See Reproductive Goodwin, Frederick K., 28 hormones Grunberg, Neil E., 27 Human genome mapping, 36 Guatemala, 124 I H Illness. See also specific disorders Halmi, Katherine, 47 cultural factors, 19 Harvard University Medical School, 49 gender differences in, 17, 19-21, Healey, Bernadine, 109, 193, 194 154-155 Health-care-seeking behavior, 19, 20- more-selective-male-cohort theory, 21, 154 20 Health care system. See also Access to rates of, 20, 21-22 health care types of, 21 contradictions in, 153, 210 Immune response, 8, 18, 22, 36, 39, differential treatment of women, 8, 144 20, 153-154, 157 In vitro fertilization (IVF), 86, 87 differential use of, 19, 20-21, 154- Income 155 and access to health care, 155, 161- OB/GYNs, 200-201 162 professional role of women, 154, and breastfeeding, 138-140 156, 162, 197-198, 199, 200-201 differential spending patterns, 124, rationing of care, 157-158 154 223

I N H E R O W N R I G H T India, 39, 107 in Children and Youths, 63, 64- Indiana University School of 65 Medicine, 158 on Research Capabilities of Indonesia, 27 Academic Departments of Infant formula, 138 Obstetrics and Gynecology, 200 Infant mortality, 77, 88-91, 153 to Study Female Morbidity and Infertility, 77-78, 85-88, 90, 196 Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa, Institute for Health and Aging, 92 10 Institute of Medicine (IOM) to Study Medical Professional child development report, 55 Liability and Delivery of Panel on the National Health Care Obstetrical care, 162-166, 167 Survey, 156 for the Study of Health perspectives on women’s health, Consequences of the Stress of 4-8 Bereavement, 112, 114 IOM Committee/Subcommittee to Study the Role of Allied Health on an Aging Society, 171 Personnel, 171 on Antiprogestins, 84 on Substance Abuse and Mental on Contraception, 78 Health Issues in AIDS Research, to Design a Strategy for Quality 65, 95-96 Review and Assurance in Intrauterine devices (IUDs), 69, 77, Medicare, 173 79-80, 81 to Develop Criteria for Evaluating Iron, 120, 124, 127, 137 the Outcomes of Approaches to Issues in women’s health, 7, 209-212 Prevent and Treat Obesity, 126, 132 on Diet and Health, 122 J on the Ethical and Legal Issues Jackson, Valerie P., 158 Relating to the Inclusion of Jacobs, Sarah Florin, 211-212 Women in Clinical Studies, 180 Japan, 27, 88 on Health and Behavior, 92 Japanese Americans, 90 on Health Objectives for the Year Jewish Chronic Diseases Hospital 2000, 90 (Brooklyn), 188 on Health Promotion and Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Disability Prevention for the Public Health, 187 Second Fifty Years, 111 Johnson, Tracy, 187, 189, 190, 192, on Monitoring Access to Personal 196 Health Care Services, 90, 158, Johnson & Johnson, 202 159 on Nutrition During Lactation, 134, 141 K on Population, 201 on Preventing Nicotine Addiction Kathy, 33 224

Index King, Janet, 121, 136 Menopause, 30 Kuhn, Thomas, 7, 137 baby boomer generation, 115 cigarette smoking and, 105 climacteric, 106, 110 L health issues after, 106-107, 109- 111 Learning disabilities, 37, 56 hormone replacement therapy, Life expectancy, 21, 39 110-111 Life experience, and health, 40 nutrition, 120 Lipid Research Clinic, 183 physiological aspects, 110 Lipoprotein lipase, 145 research needs, 186-187 Long-term care, 157 and status of women, 107-109 Longevity Mental health cultural considerations, 38-39 adolescents, 47-49 gender differences in, 17-22 children, 56 price of, 210 cultural factors and, 38 Low-birth-weight babies, 28, 89-90, gender differences in, 22-26 162, 164 physiology and, 37 Lung cancer, 28, 36, 112 Mental Health Research Institute, 37 Metabolism M alcohol, 28 calcium, 142 Maccoby, Eleanor, 43-44, 45, 46, 48, exercise and, 146-147 49, 56-57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 68 hormones, 37, 120-121 Magnesium, 137 illicit drugs, 28-29 Malpractice liability concerns, 162- nicotine, 27 170, 202 therapeutic drugs, 186-187 Marital status, 156 and weight, 29, 132, 133, 147 Mass media, sexual suggestion, 59 Mexican Americans, 90, 131 Matriarch stage, 107 Military women, 126-127 McEwen, Bruce, 36-38 Milk sugar lactose, 120 Mead, Margaret, 40 Miscarriages, 66, 90 Medicaid, 67, 88, 155, 156, 158, 164, Morbidity, 8 166, 171-172 Mortality. See also Longevity Medicare, 156, 158, 171-172 AIDS, 95 Medication consumption, 20-21 alcoholism and, 28 Meditation, 1 breast cancer, 158 Menarche/menstrual period cervical cancer, 158-159 age of, 134 developing countries, 39 body fat and, 134 eating disorders, 62-63 and nutrition, 120, 124-125 gender differences in, 8, 19-20 225

I N H E R O W N R I G H T heart disease, 19-20, 183 Neonatal intensive care, 90-91 infant, 77, 88-90, 153 Neural tube defects, 137 maternal, 90, 112, 127, 135 Neurotransmitters, 47 Müllerian duct, 16 Nicotine, 27 Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Norepinephine, 47 Trial, 183, 193, 198 Nuremberg Code, 187-188 Munter, Gabriele, 103 Nurse-midwives, 162, 166 Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Nurses’ aides, 172-173 Research Institute, 18 Nursing homes, 112, 170, 171-172 Myocardial infarction, 19 Nutrition challenges, 9 developing countries, 9, 41 N and later quality of life, 143-145 Military Recommended Daily National Center for Health Statistics, Allowances, 126 131 during pregnancy, 8, 120, 134-137 National Commission for the publications and conferences, 7–8 Protection of Human Subjects Recommended Daily Allowances, of Biomedical and Behavioral 126, 136-137 Research, 191 Nutritional epidemiology, 120-121 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 131 National Institute of Mental Health, O 22 National Institutes of Health Obesity and overweight AIDS research for women, 184 breastfeeding and, 142-143 and electronic fetal monitoring, cultural aspects, 126, 131-132, 134 168 definitions, 127-128 National Task Force on Prevention and discrimination, 133, 148 and Treatment of Obesity, 128, gastric surgery, 133 131 and heart disease, 183 Office of Research on Women’s lipoprotein lipase and, 145 Health, 193 management, 132, 145 research reforms, 192-193 metabolism and, 132, 133 Revitalization Act of 1993, 193 methods of determining, 128, 131 Women’s Health Initiative, 109- national goals, 148 110, 121 pregnancy and childbearing and, National Osteoporosis Foundation, 70 127, 133-134, 136, 142-143 National Women’s Health Network, United States, 127 190 Obsessive-compulsive disorder, 22, 23 Native Americans, 90, 107, 131 Office of the Surgeon General, 126 Natural History of Alcoholism, 185 Oldham and District Hospital Netherlands, 67, 83 (Lancashire, England), 87 226

Index One Hundred Years of Solitude, 107 Population Council, 81, 84 Oral sex, 96 Portrait of Eleanor, 151 Ortho Pharmaceutical, 202 Poverty and poor people, 70, 155, Osteoporosis 156, 157-158, 163-165 cigarette smoking and, 28 Prax, Valentine Henriette, 117 gender differences in, 21, 35 Pregnancy and childbearing menopause and, 110 adolescents, 66, 77, 90 nutrition and, 8, 70-71, 99, 120, age and, 99 122 alcohol detoxification, 185 pregnancy and lactation and, 142 cesarean section, 91-92, 135, 168, research, 106-107, 109, 193 169-170 Our Bodies, Ourselves, 4, 190 drug effects during, 188-189 Ovarian cancer, 21, 82, 99, 120 ectopic, 82, 90, 187 Ovulation disorders, 86 fetal monitoring, 91, 168-169 geriatric, 105 insurance coverage, 157 P intrauterine infections, 55 Pacific Islanders, 131 late, 8-9 Panic disorder, 22, 23 male selection over females, 41 Pap smears, 158-159 malpractice liability concerns, 162- Pelvic inflammatory disease, 82 170 Personality disorders, 47 morbidity and mortality, 39, 41, Perspectives on women’s health 112, 127, 135, 137 changes in, 3-4 natural childbirth, 141 Food and Nutrition Board, 7-8 nutrition, 8, 120, 134-137, 142 IOM, 4-8 obesity and, 127, 133-134, 142- life experience, 9, 10 143 life span, 9-10, 53-55 preeclampsia, 186, 196 male-centered, 6-7, 93-94, 160- prenatal and maternity care, 89-90, 161, 195-196 153, 161-168 pregnancy-centered, 54, 173-174, quickening, 83-84 195-196 reproductive period, 209 social-role, 10 social role expectations, 49 Pfaff, Donald, 24-25 and social status, 98 Phobias, 22, 23 unintended, 77 Physician-patient relationships, 167 weight gain, 134-136 Physicians’ Health Study, 183, 198 Pregnancy Discrimination Act of Pica, 137-138 1978, 157 Pill, 60, 67, 69, 70, 77, 78, 79, 80-81, Prenatal and maternity care, 89-90, 83, 99, 120-121, 202 161-168 Pneumonia, 21 Pressure sores, 21 Polan, Mary Lake, 187, 201 Princeton, 70 227

I N H E R O W N R I G H T Progestins, 110 Research on women Protective customs, 59-60 activism, 190-192 Protein, 127 addictions, 184-185 Puberty, 17, 24, 26, 43, 45-47, 57-58, AIDS, 182, 184 59, 134 breast cancer, 106-107, 109 clinical trial participation, 179-181, 184, 186-187, 192, 198-199 Q demographic barriers, 197-198 effects of bias, 185-187, 197 Quality of care, in nursing homes, ethical principles, 191-192 172-173 experimentation abuses and, 187- 188 extrapolation from male-based R results, 183 Rape, 58, 59 funding issues, 179, 198-199, 200, Rasmussen, Kathleen Maher, 143 202 Reed, Beth Glover, 93-94 gender bias, 181-185, 195-196 Relationships heart disease, 182-183 formation of, 57, 59 hormonal fluctuations and, 197 sexual, 61, 65 leadership of women, 198-200 Religious communities, 68 male bias, 195 Relman, Arnold, 167-168 male norm, 195 Reproductive cancers, 70, 99, 110, policy reforms, 192-195 120, 144, 193 pregnant women and, 189-190 Reproductive hormones reproductive, 196, 199-200 and aging, 37 scientific culture and, 195-196 infertility interventions, 86 Rheumatoid arthritis, 21 menopause and, 110 Rockefeller, Happy, 4 and mental health, 24-25, 92 Rockefeller University, 24, 36 nonreproductive influences, 36 Rosenberg, Irwin, 144 Reproductive tract infections, 39 Rosenberg, Leon E., 18, 19, 20 Reproductive years. See also Roussel-Uclaf, 84 Abortions; Contraception/ RU 486, 84-85 contraceptives; Infertility; Pregnancy and childbearing; S Sexual relationships AIDS, 95-98 Salt, 135 alcohol abuse, 92-93 Sargeant, Geneve Rixford, 151 entry into adulthood, 75-76 Schizophrenia, 22, 23, 36, 48-49 health status, 77 Scrimshaw, Susan, 8, 39, 41, 80, 96- mental disorders, 92-94 97, 107, 108, 116, 124 span, 209 Seaman, Barbara, 173 228

Index Secondary sexual characteristics, 17 Substance abuse. See also Alcohol Segal, Sheldon, 81 abuse and alcoholism; Drug Selenium, 137 abuse and addiction Sensitive-period concept, 55, 56 adolescents, 61, 63 Serotonin, 47 sources of, 92 Sexual treatment, 160 abuse, 25, 56, 59, 60, 93 Sugar galactose, 120 activity, 76, 83 Suicide, 60-61, 63, 113 objects, 58 Summer Sunlight, 13 pressures, 9, 60 Sweden, 67, 84, 88 relationships, 61, 66, 94 Sweets and sugars, 122 revolution, 60, 77, 187 Syphilis, 159, 188 Sexually transmitted diseases, 66, 70, 85, 96, 97, 99, 159, 187 Sherwin, Susan, 196 T Silverstone, Barbara, 171 Singapore, 77, 83, 88 Tampons, 42-43 Sketch of Denise’s Daughter, 51 Tenneson, Joyce, 33 Sleep, 25 “Test-tube babies,” 86-87 Snyder, Chuck, 185 Thacker, Stephen B., 167, 169-170 Social contexts, of mental health Thalidomide, 188-189 differences, 25-26 The Bath, 73 Socialization, gender-specific, 57, 59- The Family, 117 60 Toxic shock syndrome (TSS), 42-43 Socioeconomic status, and access to Trussell, James, 69-70 care, 155, 156, 157-158, 163- Tufts University, 144 165, 171 Tuskeegee Syphilis Study, 188 Somatization disorder, 22, 23 South Oaks Hospital (Amityville, NY), 28 U Spain, 88 Sports, 49 UCLA School of Public Health, 8, 39 Stanford University, 43-44, 187 Uniformed Services University School Staphylococcus aureus, 42 of Medicine, 27 Sterilization, 78-79 United Kingdom, 84 Stern, Judith, 145, 147 United States Stress cigarette smoking, 27 in adolescents, 26, 48, 58 diet, 125-126 of bereavement, 112-114 longevity, 38-39 cigarette smoking and, 48 obesity and overweight, 127 consequences of, 36-37 status of older women, 108-109 hormones, 37, 92 teen pregnancy rate, 66 management, 36 University Hospital in Minneapolis, 48 229

I N H E R O W N R I G H T University of Weight-for-height tables, 128-130, California at Berkeley, 121 132 California at Davis, 145 Weight Watchers, 48 California at San Diego, 120, 186 Wenger, Nanette K., 20 California at San Francisco, 92 Wet nurses, 138 Chicago, 19, 43 Whites Colorado, 26 breast cancer, 158 Michigan, 29, 37, 93 breastfeeding, 138-140 Pittsburgh, 23, 38, 197 cervical cancer, 158-159 Texas Southwest Medical Center, obesity/overweight, 131 38 prenatal care, 90 Washington, 18, 154 teen pregnancy rate, 66 Urinary infections, 21 weight gain or loss, 136, 147 U.S. Department of Agriculture WIC Program, 137-138, 141 Human Nutrition Research Center Widowers, 114 on Aging, 144 Widowhood, 112-114, 171, 172 Special Supplemental Food Wilson, Jean, 38 Program for Women, Infants, Withdrawal, 67, 79, 81 and Children, 137-138, 141 Wolffian duct, 16 Uterine cancer, 21, 110 Women’s Health Initiative, 109-110, Uterine prolapse, 39 121, 193-195 Women’s Health Trial, 147 Woods, Nancy Anne Fugate, 154, V 155, 157, 173-174 Wymelenberg, Suzanne, 67, 77, 82, Vaginal cancer, 189 86, 87 Vallian, George, 185 Van Ness, Beatrice Whitney, 13 Varioceles, 86 Y Violence, 44 Vitamin B6, 137, 144 Yogurt, 120 Vitamin B12, 144 Vitamin C, 144 Vitamin D, 137, 144 Z Vitamin E, 137 Zinc, 137, 144 W Weight age and, 131 control, 29, 99, 125-126, 146 230

In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues Get This Book
×
Buy Hardback | $45.00 Buy Ebook | $35.99
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

Right to life. Right to choice. Masectomy, lumpectomy. Vitamin therapy, hormone therapy, aromatherapy. Tabloids, op-eds, Phil, Sally, Oprah.

Yesterday, women confided in their doctors about health problems and received private, albeit sometimes paternalistic, attention. Today, women's health issues are headline material. Topics that once raised a blush now raise a blare of conflicting medical news and political advocacy.

Women welcome the new recognition of their health concerns. Now women are less often treated, as the old saw goes, as "a uterus with a person attached."

At the same time, they need help in sorting through the flood of reports on scientific studies, claims of success for new treatments, and just plain myths. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has responded to this need with In Her Own Right.

Throughout its 25-year history, the IOM has provided authoritative views on fast-moving developments in medicine—bringing accuracy, objectivity, and balance to the hottest controversies.

Talented science writer Beryl Lieff Benderly synthesizes this expertise into a readable overview of women's health.

Why do women live longer than men? Why do more women than men suffer vertebral fractures? Benderly highlights what we know about the health differences between men and women and the mysteries that remain to be solved.

With a frank, conversational approach, Benderly examines women's health across the life span:

  • Issues of female childhood, adolescence, and sexual maturity, including smoking, eating behavior, teen pregnancy, and more.
  • The host of issues surrounding the reproductive years; contraception, infertility, abortion, pregnancy and birth, AIDS, and mental health.
  • Postmenopausal life and issues of aging, as health choices made decades earlier come home to roost.

Benderly addresses women's experience with the nation's health care establishment and the controversy over the lack of female representation in the world of scientific research.

Much more than a how-to guide, In Her Own Right translates the finest scholarship on topics of women's health into terms that will help any woman ask the right questions and make the right choices. Covering the spectrum from traditional beliefs to cutting-edge research, this book presents the personal insights of leading investigators, along with clear explanations of breakthrough studies written in plain English.

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!