National Science Education Standards

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describes the fundamental idea that underlie the standard. Content is fundamental if it

Represents a central event or phenomenon in the natural world.
Represents a central scientific idea and organizing principle.
Has rich explanatory power.
Guides fruitful investigations.
Applies to situations and contexts common to everyday experiences.
Can be linked to meaningful learning experiences.
Is developmentally appropriate for students at the grade level specified.

TABLE 6.8. CONTENT STANDARDS, GRADES K-4

UNIFYING CONCEPTS AND PROCESSES	SCIENCE AS INQUIRY	PHYSICAL SCIENCE	LIFE SCIENCE
Systems, order, and organization	Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry	Properties of objects and materials	Characteristics of organisms
Evidence, models, and explanation	Understandings about scientific inquiry	Position and motion of objects	Life cycles of organisms
Change, constancy, and measurement		Light, heat, electricity, and magnetism	Organisms and environments
Evolution and equilibrium
Form and function
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE	SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY	SCIENCE IN PERSONAL AND SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES	HISTORY AND NATURE OF SCIENCE
Properties of earth materials	Abilities of technological design	Personal health	Science as a human endeavor
Objects in the sky	Understandings about science and technology	Characteristics and changes in populations
Changes in earth and sky	Abilities to distinguish between natural objects and objects made by humans	Types of resources
		Changes in environments
		Science and technology in local challenges

Criteria for the Content Standards

Three criteria influence the selection of science content. The first is an obligation to the domain of science. The subject matter in the physical, life, and earth and space science standards is central to science education and must be accurate. The presentation in national standards also must accommodate the needs of many individuals who will implement the standards in school science programs. The standards represent science

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