Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page 240
SlESSION IV: NEW MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
SESSION OBJECTIVES
Determine what new or alternative material technologies can lead to materials and
assemblies that are significantly more thermally stable (or fire resistor.
PARTIC~^TS
Chair: John Rock, Amoco
Committee: ScoH Campbell, McDonnell Douglas
Takashi Kashiwagi, National Institute of Starboards and Technology
lames McGrath, Virginia Polytechnic Institute
Participants: Hans-Dieter Berg, Deutsche Aerospace Airbus
Hanns-Ioerg Betz, Lufthansa German Airlines
Alan Van Buskirk, General Plastics
Kathryn Buder, National Institute of Starboards aM Technology
Peter Guard, Boeing Commercial Airplane Group
Jeff Gilman, National prostitute of Standards arm Technology
Theo Klems, Airbus Ir~ustrzes
Menachem Lewin, Polytechnic University
Richard Lyon, Federal Aviation Administration
Dale Onderak, Schneller, Inc
Edward Weil, Polytechnic University
William Weltner, M. C. Gilifoam Corporation
SESSION REPORT
State of the Art of Fir - Resistant Materials
Most materials currently used in new construction in aircraft interiors significantly exceed
regulatory requirements. While materials exist that may offer improved fire performance,
implementation has been inhibited by unproven economic or technical feasibility.
Current test methods show wide variability and are not predictive of large-scale
performance. The results from these tests provide lithe guidance in the development of new
materials or the improvement of existing materials.
240
OCR for page 241
Part 11- Workshop Spry
Materials Fire Performance Goals for Long-Term Research
241
Participants agreed that the current goal for long-term research should be to improve the
fire performance of materials by an order of magnitude. Specific goals include:
· increasing fire resistance (e.g., reduce heat release to zero for 5-10 minutes at 35
kW/m2, external flux);
delaying or preventing ignition; and
minimizing toxic products dboth in processing/fabrication and burning).
Other specific goals suggested by participants are to develop small-scale tests that better
correlate to large-scale teses and to actual fire scenarios and to assess the benefit of
improvements in fire performance of materials (i.e., perform cost-benefit analysis on potential
improvements).
Proni~ing Materials Technologies or Approaches
In general, two approaches to more fire-resistant polymeric materials development are
polymers with additives that make them fire resistant and fire-resistant polymers that
possible:
do not require auci~t~ves.
Approaches that show particular promise include:
thin, laminated or co-extruded films and blends,
coatings and additives (especially intumescents),
phase-change or temperature-sensitive ("intelligent") materials,
organic-inorganic polymer blends, and
polymer modifications.
Needed Development in Materials Science and Characterization Methods
In order to facilitate the development and commercialization of improved fire-resistant
materials and structures, many of the group agreed to the following suggestions.
Develop lower-cost processing and scale-up methods for existing specially materials.
Develop processes and methods to incorporate reflective layers or coatings into
structures.
Advance the understanding and science base in the areas of ignition and char
formation.
Develop computational tools and models as guidelines for basic polymer science.
OCR for page 242
242
Improved Fire- aM Smoke-Resistar~t Materials
Long-Term Research
Session participants suggested the following areas for long-term research.
· Develop a basic scientific understanding of char and intumescence. Include research
in char formation, with investigations into the effects of atmosphere, heating rate,
chemical der~vitization, additives, and coatings, as well as in char characteristics
such as mechanical behavior (durability) and solid-state structure.
Develop a basic scientific understanding of ignition behavior.
Investigate development of improved materials for next-generation aircraft interiors.
There are three directions for materials development:
3.
Modification of engineering polymers such as polycarbonate, nylon,
polyethyleneterephthalate, phenolic, and wool to improve fire resistance; these
may represent the lowest-cost alternative.
2. Development of a greater understanding of thermal degradation mechanisms
of specialty polymers (with or without additives) such as polyetheretherketone,
polyetherimide, polyphenylenesulfide, and polysulfone; these should represent
the best performance in the near term ~ ~ 10 years).
Development of high-performance, thermally stable materials including
organic-inorganic systems, copolymers, polymer blends and alloys, and glasses
and ceramics; these represent the best performance in the long-term (>10
years).
Research low-cost manufacturing technology for the "most-promising" materials.
Give primary priority to composite fibers and thermoplastic and thermoses matrices;
materials and processes from thermoplastic molding and thermoforming; decorative
layers including varnishes, foils, and thermoplastics; foam-core materials and
nonmetallic and aluminum honeycomb materials, textiles; and adhesives.
Give secondary priority to transparencies; glass fiber, carbon fiber, and foam
insulations; electronics; wire and cable; and elastomers.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
polytechnic university
