|
Items in cart [0] |
Questions? Call 888-624-8373 |
| Copyright © 2009. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Terms of Use and Privacy Statement |
Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page R1
nerd
SLD In
TRnT nlRTEF
FOR CORRERCIRl I
lTERIORS
R PROCEEDIDGS
S11D ROHE
LS
JRRFT
Co~r~rudee on Fire- and Smoke-Resistant Materials for
Commercial Aircraft Interiors
National Materials Advisory Board
Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems
National Research Council
Publication NMAB~77-2
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C. 1995
OCR for page R2
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National
Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National
Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the study committee were chosen for their
special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This report is a description of a conference and
workshop planned and conducted by the steering committee. It contains the views of the individual participants at
the workshop and does not represent the judgment of the study committee. Any conclusions or recommendations
reported here are solely those of the individual workshop participants who made them.
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars
engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their
use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by Congress in 1863, the Academy has
a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M.
Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy
of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the
selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal
government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national
needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Harold
Liebowitz is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the
services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health
of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its
congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of
medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate
the broad community science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising
the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council
has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy
of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities.
The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and
Dr. Harold Liebowitz are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.
This study by the National Materials Advisory Board was conducted under Grant No. FAA-93~-033 with
the U.S. Department of Transportation.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 95-70653
International Standard Book Number 0-309~5336
Available in limited supply from:
National Materials Advisory Board
2101 Constitution Avenue, NW
HA-262
Washington, D.C. 20418
202-334-3505
Additional copies are available for sale from:
National Academy Press
2101 Constitution Avenue, NW
Box 285
Washington, D.C. 20055
1-800-624~242
(202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area)
Copyright 1995 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
Cover: Artist's conception of a future aircraft interior design. Courtesy of Teague and Associates.
OCR for page R3
Committee on Fire- and Smoke-Resistant Materials
for Commercial Aircraft Interiors
ELl M. PEARCE (Chair), Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York
BRUCE T. DeBONA, AlliedSignal, Morristown, New Jersey
FREDERICK L. DRYER, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
HOWARD W. EMMONS, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
TAKASH! KASHTWAGT, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of
Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
BARBARA C. LEVIN, Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology,
Gaithersburg, Maryland
NAMES C. McGRATH, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
NAMES M. PETERSON, Boeing Commercial Airplane Group, Seattle, Washington
PATRICIA A. TATEM, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.
Technical Advisor
SCOTT CAMPBELL, Douglas Aircraft Company, Long Beach, California
Liaison Representatives
THOR EKLUND, Fire Safety Branch, Federal Aviation Administration, AtIantic City, New
Jersey
RICHARD LYON, Fire Safety Branch, Federal Aviation Administration, Atiantic City, New
Jersey
National Materials Advisory Board Staff
THOMAS E. MUNNS, Senior Program Officer
AIDA C. NEEL, Senior Project Assistant
· · ~
OCR for page R4
National Materials Advisory Board
NAMES C. WILLIAMS, Chair, General Electric Company, Cincinnati, Ohio
IAN D. ACHENBACH, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
BILL R. APPLETON, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
ROBERT R. BEEBE, Homestake Mining Company (Retired), Tucson Arizona
I. MELVIN BERNSTEIN, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
I. KEITH BRIMACOMBE, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia,
Canada
JOHN V. BUSCH, IBIS Associates, Inc., Wellesley, Massachusetts
HARRY E. COOK, University of Illinois, Urbana
ROBERT EAGAN, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico
CAROLYN HANS S ON, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
KRISTINA M. JOHNSON, University of Colorado, Boulder
LIONEL C. KIMERETNG, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
NAMES E. McGRATH, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
RICHARD S. MULLER, University of California, Berkeley
ELSA RElCHMANIS, AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey
EDGAR A. STARKE, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
JOHN STRINGER, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California
KATHLEEN C. TAYLOR, General Motors Corporation, Warren, Michigan
NAMES W. WAGNER, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
JOSEPH G. WIRTH, Raychem Corporation, MenIo Park, California
ROBERT E. SCHAFRIK, Director
1V
OCR for page R5
PREFACE
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has established an Advanced Fire Safety
Materials Research Program to meet the requirements of the Aviation Safety Act of 1988. The
program's objective is "to discover the fundamental relationships between the composition and
structure of materials and their behavior in fires to enable the design of a totally fire-resistant
cabin for future commercial aircraft. Research will be basic in nature and will focus on
synthesis, characterization, modeling, and processing of new materials and materials
combinations to improve the fire performance, increase the functionality, and reduce the cost
of next-generation cabin materials."
The FAA requested that the National Research Council, through its National Materials
Advisory Board, recommend research in promising areas based on projected technology.
Towards this end, the National Research Council established the Committee on Fire and Smoke
Resistant Matenals for Commercial Aircraft Interiors.
The committee hosted a Conference on Fire and Smoke Resistant Materials held at the
National Academy of Sciences on November 8-10, 1994. Conference attendees included
representatives from industry, government, and academe. These are the proceedings of that
conference.
The conference participants identified trends in aircraft fire safety and suggested
promising research directions for the FAA's program in smoke and fire resistant materials. This
conference report contains the 15 papers presented by the invited speakers and summaries of the
workshop sessions that followed. The papers sewed as background for the workshop sessions,
each of which addressed a specific topic:
(~) toxicity issues,
(2) fire performance parameters,
(3) drivers for materials development, and
(4) new materials technology.
Each workshop group discussed the current state of development, technological needs,
and promising technology for future development. The workshop chairs reported on each
session to the conference as a whole, after which issues of interest were further discussed by all
participants.
v
OCR for page R6
The information from the conference presentations and workshop sessions have been used
by the study committee as input to its final report.
The efforts of all the attendees, presenters, workshop chairs, and committee members and
staff (and in particular Tom Munns) are acknowledged and appreciated.
Eli M. Pearce
Committee Chair
V1
OCR for page R7
CONTENTS
PART I- INVITEI) PAPERS
Federal Aviation Administration Fire-Safety Mission
Thomas E. McSweeny
Airplane Accidents and Fires
Thomas M. Murray
Heat Exposure and Burning Behavior of Cabin Materials
During an Aircraft Post-Crash Fuel Fire
Constantine P. Sarkos
Fundamental Fire Properties of Combustible Materials
Dougal D. Drysdale
Fire Tests and Hazard Evaluation
lames G. Quintiere
Fire Properties of Materials
Archie Tewarson
Fire-Screening Results of Polymers and Composites
Usman Sorathia and C. Beck
Fire Properties of Future Material Candidates
Charles A. Wilkie
Meeting FR Goals Using Polymer Additive Systems
Edward D. Wei!
An Overview of Inorganic and Organome~lic Polymers
Marte} Zeldin
vat
3
7
25
37
45
61
93
. tic
129
151
OCR for page R8
Flame-Retarding Woo} Textile Materials and the Evaluation
of Thermally Stable Polymers for Commercial Airplanes
Sally A. Hasselbrack
Smoke Toxicity
David Purser
In-Service Performance Criteria for Aircraft Interiors
Hanns-Ioerg Betz
Design of Aircraft Interior
Swen I. Schaich
Processing and Manufacturing of Interior Components
Hans-Dieter Berg
PART II - WORKSHOP SUMMARY
165
175
197
203
213
SESSION I: Toxicity 224
SESSION Il: Fire Performance Parameters 228
SESSION ITI: Drivers for Materials Development 233
SESSION IV: New Materials Technology 240
APPENDIX A: Conference Program
243
APPENDIX B: Conference Participants and Speakers 247
· · -
vail
