. "7 THE EFFECTS OF NEEDLE EXCHANGE PROGRAMS." Preventing HIV Transmission: The Role of Sterile Needles and Bleach. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1995.
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Preventing HIV Transmission: The Role of Sterile Needles and Bleach
TABLE 7.3 GAO Review: Needle Exchange Program Outcomes Measured and Reported
Project Number by Country
Attracted Injection Drug Users Not in Treatment
Referred Injection Drug User to Drug Treatment
Referred Injection Drug User to Other Health Services
Australia
1
Canada
2
Yes
Yes
Netherlands
3
4
Yes
Sweden
5
Yes
Yes
United Kingdom
6
Yes
7
Yes
Yes
Yes
8
United States
9
Yes
Yes
SOURCE: Adapted from Needle Exchange Programs: Research Suggests Promise as an AIDS Prevention Strategy (U.S. General Accounting Office, 1993:10).
with high level of statistical power that showed no difference were excluded.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA REPORT
In September 1993, a second government report, The Public Health Impact of Needle Exchange Programs in the United States and Abroad , was published by the University of California for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This report consists of a summary volume with two supporting volumes and addresses a number of the questions that this panel was asked to address.
Procedure
The University of California report was the work of a team of 12 individuals with expertise in clinical medicine, nursing, psychology, anthropology, sociology, cost-benefit modeling, and epidemiology. None of the team