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Nursing Health, & Environment: Strengthening the Relationship to Improve the Public's Health
TABLE 2.4 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 1993 Priority List of Rank Ordered Top 10 Hazardous Substances
Hazardous Agents
Sources
Exposure Pathways
Systems Affected
Lead
Storage batteries; manufacture of paint, enamel, ink, glass, rubber, ceramics, chemicals
Ingestion, inhalation
Hematologic, renal, neuromuscular, GI, CNS
Arsenic
Manufacture of pigments, glass, pharmaceuticals, insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides; tanning
Ingestion inhalation
Neuromuscular, skin, GI
Metallic mercury
Electronics, paints, metal and textile production, chemical manufacturing, pharmaceutical production
Inhalation, percutaneous and GI absorption
Pulmonary, CNS, renal
Benzene
Manufacture of organic chemicals, detergents, pesticides, solvents, paint removers
Inhalation, percutaneous absorption
CNS, hematopoietic
Vinyl chloride
Production of polyvinyl chloride and other plastics; chlorinated compounds; used as refrigerant
Inhalation, ingestion
Hepatic, neurologic, pulmonary
Cadmium
Electroplating, solder
Inhalation
Pulmonary, renal
Polychlorinated biphenyls
Formerly used in electrical equipment
Inhalation, ingestion
Skin, eyes, hepatic
Benzo(a)pyrene
Emissions from refuse burning and autos, used as laboratory reagent, found on charcoal-grilled meats and in cigarette smoke
Inhalation, ingestion, and percutaneous absorption
Pulmonary, skin, eyes (BaP is a probable human carcinogen)
