Page 204

see also Drinking among women; Drinking during pregnancy; Heavy drinking; Treatment and prevention of alcohol abuse

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), 140

Alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD), 3, 5, 7, 77, 78-79, 80, 97

incidence and prevalence, 84, 97

Alcohol-related effects (diagnostic category), 4-5, 76-77, 78-79, 80. see also ''Fetal alcohol effects"

diagnostic criteria, 4-5, 67, 70, 76-77, 78

Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND), 3, 5, 7, 77, 78-79, 80, 81, 97

incidence and prevalence, 97

Alkaline phosphatase (AP), 129

Aminotransferases, 128-129

Anger, 80

Animal models and studies intervention and prevention strategies, 11-12, 15, 45-47, 144, 147, 155, 186

paternal alcohol exposure, 121

teratogenic effects, 6, 20, 22, 28, 37-41, 81

Antisocial behavior, 80

Anxiety, 80, 107, 108

Asian Americans, FAS rates, 83

Aspartate aminotransferases (AST), 128-129

Aspirin, 45-46

Attention, 15, 73, 159, 163, 164, 168, 186

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 69, 161, 164, 177, 182

Autopsy studies, 72

B

Babies, see Newborn period and infancy

Bartenders, 122

Baseline data, 7, 89-90, 97

Behavioral patterns, 4, 5, 17, 43-44, 73, 75, 76, 77, 81, 158-166

across developmental stages, 69, 159-166, 168-169

as diagnostic criteria, 3, 67, 69

etiology, 166-167, 169-173

of FAS adolescents, 165-166, 168-169

of newborns and infants, 160-161

research needs, 15, 186

research studies, 158-159

specificity to FAS, 13, 79, 167, 173

vignettes, 56-58

see also Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND)

Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance Surveys (BRFSS), 100, 104, 105, 106

Binge drinking, 44, 68, 106, 165, 166

Biological markers, 6, 72, 81, 115, 126-131, 135, 169

of alcohol abuse, 9, 109, 126-131

research needs, 6, 9, 81, 109

Birth, see Newborn period and infancy

Birth control, 11, 136, 146-147

Birth Defects Monitoring Program (BDMP), 22, 83, 91

Birth registries, 83, 84, 90

Birth to Three Project, 142

Blood alcohol levels, 127

Bloom syndrome, 79

Brain damage, 4, 38, 39-40, 44, 68, 71, 72-73, 74, 75, 76, 81, 157, 169, 173

Brain stem auditory evoked response (BAER) test, 157

Breast-feeding, 142, 157

Breath analyzer, 127

Brief interventions, 10, 123-124, 131-135

C

CAGE test, 124, 126

Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), 130-131

Cardiac defects, 38, 156

Caregiving environment, 13, 53, 163, 165, 169-173

Case management, 11, 142, 147

Categories, see Alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD); Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder

Front Matter (R1-R16)

Executive Summary (1-16)

1 Introduction (17-32)

2 Issues in Research on Fetal Drug Effects (33-51)

3 Vignettes (52-62)

4 Diagnosis and Clinical Evaluation of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (63-81)

5 Epidemiology and Surveillance of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (82-99)

6 Epidemiology of Women's Drinking (100-111)

7 Prevention of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (112-153)

8 The Affected Individual: Clinical Presentation, Intervention, and Treatment (154-193)

9 Integration and Coordination: A Concluding Comment and Recommendation (194-196)

Appendix: Biographies (197-202)

Index (203-213)