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Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans: The Feasibility of Epidemiologic Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4992.
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Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans: The Feasibility of Epidemiologic Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4992.
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Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans: The Feasibility of Epidemiologic Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4992.
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Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans: The Feasibility of Epidemiologic Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4992.
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Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans: The Feasibility of Epidemiologic Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4992.
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Page 95
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans: The Feasibility of Epidemiologic Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4992.
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Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans: The Feasibility of Epidemiologic Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4992.
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References ABCC (Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission): Report of the Committee for Scientific Review of ABCC, February 1975. Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission Technical Report 21-75. 1975. Andrews, G. A., K. F. Hubner, S. A. Fry, et al. Report of 21 year medical follow-up of survivors of the Oak Ridge Y-12 accident. In The Medical Basis of Radiation Accidents Preparedness. New York: Elsevier-North Holland, 1980. Arakawa, E. T. Technical Report of Residual Radiation in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission Technical Report 2-62. Hiroshima, Japan. 1962. Awa, A. A., T. Honda, and S. Neriishi. Cytogenetic studies of the offspring of atomic bomb survi- vors. In Cytogenetics: Basic and Applied Aspects. G. Obe and A. Baster (eds.). Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 116-183, 1987. Awa, A. A., T. Honda, and S. Neriishi. Cytogenetic study of the offspring of atomic bomb survi- vors, Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Radiation Effects Research Foundation Technical Report 21- 88. Hiroshima, Japan. Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 1988. Baird, P.A., T.W. Anderson, H.B. Newcombe, et al. Genetic Disorders in Children and Young Adults: A Population Study. American Journal of Human Genetics. 42: 677-693, 1988. Berkowitz, G. S. Environmental and occupational hazards to pregnancy. In Rovinsky and Guttmacher's Medical, Surgical and Gynecological Complications of Pregnancy. S. H. Cherry, G.S. Berkowitz, and N. G. Kase (eds.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1985. Berkowitz, G. S., and M. Marcus. Occupational exposures and reproduction. In Current Obstetric Medicine, Vol. 2. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book Inc., pp. 54, 1993. Berkowitz, G. S., and E. Papiernik. Epidemiology of preterm birth. Epidemiologic Reviews 15:414~43, 1993. Biava, C., E. Smucklerm, and D. Whorton. The testicular morphology of individuals exposed to dibromochloropropane. Experimental and Molecular Pathology 29:448-458, 1978. Bithell, J. F., and A. M. Stewart. Pre-natal irradiation and childhood malignancy: A review of British data from the Oxford survey. British Journal of Cancer. 31:271-287, 1975. Bonde, J. P. Subtertility in relation to welding. Danish Medical Bulletin 37:105-108, 1990. 91

92 AD VERSE REPRODUCTIVE OUTCOMES Bracken, M. B. The epidemiology of perinatal disorders. In Principles and Practice of Perinatal Medicine. J. B. Warshaw and J. C. Hobbins (eds.). Menlo Park, Calif.: Addison-Wesley, 1983. Bracken,M.B.(ed.). PerinatalEpidemiology. New York: OxfordUniversityPress,1984. Brown, N. A. Are offspring at risk from their father's exposure to toxins? Nature 316:110, 1985. Caldwell, G. G. Twenty-two years of cancer cluster investigations at the Centers for Disease Con- trol. American Journal of Epidemiology 132: S43-S47, 1990. Caldwell, G. G., D. B. Kelley, and C. W. Heath. Leukemia among participants in military maneu- vers at a nuclear bomb test. A preliminary report. Journal of the American Medical Associa- tion 244:1575-1578, 1980. Caldwell, G. G., D. B. Kelley, and M. Zack. Mortality and cancer frequency among military nu- clear test (SMOKY) participants, 1957 through 1979. Journal of the American Medical As- sociation250:620-624, 1983. Carr, D. H., and M. Gedeon. Population cytogenetics of human abortuses. In Population Cytoge- netics, Studies in Humans. E. B. Hook and I. H. Porter (eds.). New York: Academic Press, pp. 1-9, 1977. Carter, C. O. Monogenetic disorders. Journal of Medical Genetics 14:316-320, 1977. Centers for Disease Control. Guidelines for investigating clusters of health events. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 39 (RR-11):1-23, 1990. Childs, J. D. The effect of a change in mutation rate on the incidence of dominant and X-linked recessive disorders in man. Mutation Research 83:145-158, 1981. Cook-Mozaffari, P., S. Darby, and R. Doll. Cancer near potential sites of nuclear installations. Lancet ii:l 145-1147, 1989. Crow, J. F., and C. Denniston. 893, 1981. Czeizel, A., and K. Sankaranarayanan. The load of genetic and partially genetic disorders in man. I. Congenital anomalies: Estimates of detriment in terms of years of life lost and years of impaired life. Mutation Research 128 73-103, 1984. Deeg, H., R. Storb, and E. Thomas. Bone marrow transplantation: A review of delayed complica- tions. British Journal of Haematology 57:185-208, 1984. Denniston, C. Low level radiation and risk estimation in man. Annals of Reviews in Genetics 16:329-355, 1982. DHEW (Department of Health, Education and Welfare). The Collaborative Perinatal Study of the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke: The Women and Their Pregnancies. DHEW Publication No. (NIH) 73-379, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1973. DHHS (Department of Health and Human Services): Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 43, No. 6, Suppl. E. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995. DNA ([Defense Nuclear Agency). Dose binning report (unpublished data), March 8, 1995a. DNA (Defense Nuclear Agency). Dose binning report (unpublished data), March 17, 1995b. Doucette, J.T., and M. B. Bracken. Possible role of asthma in the risk of preterm labor and deliv- ery. Epidemiology. 4 (2):143-150 1993. Ehling, U.H. Genetic Risk Assessment. Annals of Reviews in Genetics. 25:255-280, 1991. Gardner, M. J. Paternal occupations of children with leukemia (letter). British Medical Journal. 305:715, 1992. Gardner, M. J., M. P. Snee, and A. J. Hall. Results of case-control study of leukaemia and lym- phoma among young people near Sellafield nuclear plant in West Cumbria. British Medical Journal 300:423-429, 1990a. Gardner, M. J., A. J. Hall, and M. P. Snee. Methods and basic data of case-control study of leu- kaemia and lymphoma among young people near Sellafield nuclear plant in West Cumbria. British Medical Journal 300:429~34, 1990b. The mutation component of genetic damage. Science 212:888

REFERENCES 93 Geneseca, A., M. R. Cabalin, and R. Miro. Human sperm chromosomes: Long-term effect of can- cer treatment. Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 46:251-260, 1990. Gesell, A. L., and C. S. Amatruda. Developmental Diagnosis: The Evaluation and Management of Normal and Abnormal Neuropsychologic Development in Infancy and Early Childhood. 3rd ed. H. Knobloch and B. Pasamanick (eds.). New York: Harper and Row, 1975. Glasstone, S. (ed.). The Effects of Nuclear Weapons. U.S. Department of Defense. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1962. Goldstein, L., and D. P. Murphy. Etiology of the ill-health in children born after maternal pelvic irradiation. 2. Defective children born after post-conception pelvic irradiation. American JournalofRoentgenology22:322-331, 1929. Grossman, H. J. (ed.). Manual on Terminology and Classification in Mental Retardation. Wash- ington, D.C.: American Association on Mental Deficiency, 1977. Hartikainen-Sc~rri, A. L., and M. Sorri. Occupational and socio-medical factors in preterm birth. Obstetrics and Gynecology 74: 13-16, 1989. Hatch, M. and M. Marcus. Occupational exposures and reproduction. In Reproductive and Peri- natal Epidemiology. M. Kiely (ed.) Boca Raton, F1.,: CRC Press, pp. 131-142, 1991. Hawkins, M. M. Is there evidence of a therapy-related increase in germ cell mutation among childhood cancer survivors? Journal ofthe National Cancer Institute 83:1642-1650, 1991. Hill, A. B. The Environment and Disease: Association or Causation? Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 58 :295-300, 1965. Hill, C. And A. Laplanche, A.: Overall Mortality and Cancer Mortality around French Nuclear Sites. Nature 347:755-757, 1990. Hook, E. B. Human chromosome abnormalities. In Perinatal Epidemiology. M. B. Bracken (ed.). New York: Oxford University Press, 1984. Hook, E. B., and J. L. Hamerton. The frequency of chromosomal abnormalities detected in con- secutive newborn studies differences between studies results by sex and by severity of phenotypicinvolvement. Journal ofMedical Genetics 14:63-79, 1977. IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency). Chernobyl Technical Report. Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency, 1991. ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection). 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 60, Annals of the ICRP 21. New York: Pergamon Press, 1991. IOM (Institute of Medicine). A review of the dosimetry data available in the Nuclear Test Person- nel Review (NTPR) program. An interim letter report of the Committee to Study the Mortal- ity of Military Personnel Present at Atmospheric Tests of Nuclear Weapons to the Defense Nuclear Agency. May 15, 1995. Jablon, S., Z. Hrubec, and J. D. Boice. Cancer in populations living near nuclear facilities. A survey of mortality nationwide and incidence in two states. Journal of the American Medical Association 265: 1403- 1408, 1991. Jacobs, P. A. The load due to chromosome abnormalities in man. In The Role of Natural Selection in Human Evolution. F. M. Salzano. (ed.) Amsterdam: North Holland, pp. 337-352, 1975. Kato, H., W. J. Schull, and J. V. Neel. A cohort-type study of survival in the children of parents exposed to atomic bombings. American Journal of Human Genetics 16:21~230, 1966. Kelsey, J. L., W. D. Thompson, and A. S. Evans. Methods in Observational Epidemiology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. Knudson, A. G. Rare cancers: Clues to genetic mechanisms. Princess Takamatsu Symposia 18:221-231, 1988. Levine, A. J. The genetic origins of neoplasia. Journal of the American Medical Association 273:592, 1995. Li, F. P., J. F. Fraumeni, Jr., J. J. Mulvihill, et al. A cancer family syndrome in twenty-four kin- dreds. Cancer Research 48:5358-5362, 1988.

94 ADVERSE REPRODUCTIVE OUTCOMES Lie, R. T., I. Huechand, and L. M. Irgens. Maximum likelihood estimation of the proportion of congenital malformations using double registration systems. Biometrics 50:433-444, 1994. Little, M. P. A comparison between the risks of childhood leukaemia from parental exposure to radiation in the Sellafield work force and those displayed among the Japanese bomb survi- vors. Journal of Radiological Protection 10: 185-198, 1990. Little, M. P. A comparison of the apparent risks of childhood leukaemia from parental exposure to radiation in the 6 months prior to conception in the Sellafield workforce and the Japanese bomb survivors. Journal of Radiological Protection 1 1:77-90, 1991. Little, M. P. The risks of leukaemia and non-cancer mortality in the offspring of the Japanese bomb survivors and a comparison of leukaemia risks with those in the offspring of the Sel- lafield workforce. Journal of Radiological Protection 12:203-21 8,1 992. Lundsberg, L.S., M. B. Bracken, and K. Belanger. Occupationally related magnetic field exposure and male subiertility. Fertility and Sterility 63:384-391, 1995. Lushbaugh, C. C. and G. W. Casarett. The effects of gonadal irradiation in clinical radiation ther- apy. Cancer 37:1 111-1120, 1 976 Marcoux, S., J. Brisson, and J. Fabia. The effect of cigarette smoking on the risk of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. American Journal of Epidemiology 130:950-957, 1989. Martin, R. H., K. Hildebrand? and J. Yamamoto. An increased frequency of human sperm chromo- somal abnormalities after radiotherapy. Mutation Research 174:219-225, 1986. McClure, R. D. Topics in primary care medicine. Western Journal of Medicine 144:365-368, 1986. - McLaughlin, J. R., E. A. Clarke, and E. D. Nishri. Childhood leukemia in the vicinity of Canadian nuclear facilities. Cancer Causes Control 4:51-58, 1993. Mellin, G. W. The frequency of birth defects. In Birth Defects. M. Fishbein (ed.). Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co., pp. l-17, 1963. Mettler, F., and A. Upton. Medical Effects of Ionizing Radiation, Second Edition. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., pp. 90, 1995. Michaelis, J., B. Kellerand, and G. Haaf. Incidence of childhood malignancies in the vicinity of (West) German nuclear power plants. Cancer Causes Control 3:255-263, 1992. - Miller, R. W. Delayed effects occurring within the first decade after exposure of young individuals to the Hiroshima atomic bomb. Pediatrics 18:1-18, 1956. Miller, R. W. The discovery of human teratogens, carcinogens and mutagens: Lessons for the future. In Chemical Mutagens: Principles and Methods for Their Detection. A. Hollaender and F. J. de Serres (eds.). New York: Plenum Publishing Corp., pp. 101-126, l 978. Murphy, D. P. Ovarian irradiation its effect on the health of subsequent children: Review of the literature, experimental and clinical, with a report of 320 human pregnancies. Surgery, Gyne- cology and Obstetrics 47:201-215, 1928. National Center for Health Statistics: Vital statistics of the United States, 1983 Life Tables. Vol- ume II, Section 6. Hyattsville, MD.: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 86- 11 04, 1 986. NCRP (National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements) . Ionizing Radiation Expo sure of the Population of the United States. NCRP Report No. 93, Bethesda, Md.: National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement, 1987. Neel, J. V., and S. E. Lewis. The comparative radiation genetics of humans and mice. Annual Review of Genetics 24:328-362, 1990. Neel, J. V., and W. J. Schull. Studies on the potential effects of the atomic bombs. Acta Genetica 6:183-196, 1956a. Neel, J. V., and W. J. Schull. The Effect of Exposure to the Atomic Bombs on Pregnancy Termi- nation in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences- National Research Council, Publication No. 461 1956b. Neel, J. V., and W. J. Schull. (eds.). The Children of Atomic Bomb Survivors: A Genetic Study. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1991.

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Over the past several decades, public concern over exposure to ionizing radiation has increased. This concern has manifested itself in different ways depending on the perception of risk to different individuals and different groups and the circumstances of their exposure. One such group are those U.S. servicemen (the "Atomic Veterans" who participated in the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons at the Nevada Test Site or in the Pacific Proving Grounds, who served with occupation forces in or near Hiroshima and Nagasaki, or who were prisoners of war in or near those cities at the time of, or shortly after, the atomic bombings. This book addresses the feasibility of conducting an epidemiologic study to determine if there is an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes in the spouses, children, and grandchildren of the Atomic Veterans.

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