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The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. Page 212
Abbreviations
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Abbreviations a
Designating a significance-level probability or confidence coefficient; a measure of the uncertainly of a band measure with VNTRs.
A measure of the degree of population subdivision; equivalent to FST.
c2
A measure used to assess statistical significance. From the value of c2 and the number of degrees of freedom, the probability of a deviation from the expected value as large as or larger than that observed can be determined.
2p rule
A conservative adjustment for a single VNTR band possibly being from a heterozygote; 2pi replaces pi2.
A
Adenine; also used to designate an arbitrary genetic locus.
ABC
American Board of Criminalistics.
AMP-FLP
Amplified fragment length polymorphism.
ANSI/ASQC
American National Standards Institute/American Society for Quality Control.
ASCLD
American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors.
ASCLD-LAB
American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors, Laboratory Accreditation Board.
C
Cytosine, covariance (also Cov).
CAP
College of American Pathologists.
CODIS
The FBI national DNA identification index.
DISJ
A designation of a VNTR. I designates the chromosome; J is a
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numerical indentifier. D1S79 is number 79 on chromosome 1.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material.
DQA
A gene locus associated with HLA and used in forensic analysis; the gene product is called DQa.
FBI
The US Federal Bureau of Investigation.
FST
Wright's measure of population subdivision; same as when mating within subpopulations is random.
G
Guanine.
GYPA
Glycophorin A gene locus.
HBGG
Hemoglobin b gamma globin gene locus.
HLA
Human leukocyte antigen gene locus.
HW
Hardy-Weinberg (proportions).
K562
A human cell line whose DNA sample is used as a standard.
LDLR
Low-density lipoprotein receptor gene locus.
LE
Linkage equilibrium.
LR
Likelihood ratio.
MVR
Minisatellite variant repeat.
NIST
National Institute of Standards and Technology.
PCR
Polymerase chain reaction.
pi
A symbol used to designate the frequency of the i-th allele; the subscript may be dropped.
PM
Polymarker.
QA
Quality assurance.
QC
Quality control.
RFLP
Restriction fragment length polymorphism.
s or s
Standard deviation.
STR
Short tandem repeats.
T
Thymine.
TWGDAM
Technical Working Group on DNA Analysis and Methods.
V
Variance (also Var).
VNTR
Variable number of tandem repeats. (These are RFLPs.)
Representative terms from entire chapter:
crime laboratory
