Page 212
Abbreviations
| a | Designating a significance-level probability or confidence coefficient; a measure of the uncertainly of a band measure with VNTRs. |
|
| A measure of the degree of population subdivision; equivalent to FST. |
| c2 | A measure used to assess statistical significance. From the value of c2 and the number of degrees of freedom, the probability of a deviation from the expected value as large as or larger than that observed can be determined. |
| 2p rule | A conservative adjustment for a single VNTR band possibly being from a heterozygote; 2pi replaces pi2. |
| A | Adenine; also used to designate an arbitrary genetic locus. |
| ABC | American Board of Criminalistics. |
| AMP-FLP | Amplified fragment length polymorphism. |
| ANSI/ASQC | American National Standards Institute/American Society for Quality Control. |
| ASCLD | American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors. |
| ASCLD-LAB | American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors, Laboratory Accreditation Board. |
| C | Cytosine, covariance (also Cov). |
| CAP | College of American Pathologists. |
| CODIS | The FBI national DNA identification index. |
| DISJ | A designation of a VNTR. I designates the chromosome; J is a |
Page 213
| numerical indentifier. D1S79 is number 79 on chromosome 1. | |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material. |
| DQA | A gene locus associated with HLA and used in forensic analysis; the gene product is called DQa. |
| FBI | The US Federal Bureau of Investigation. |
| FST | Wright's measure of population subdivision; same as |
| G | Guanine. |
| GYPA | Glycophorin A gene locus. |
| HBGG | Hemoglobin b gamma globin gene locus. |
| HLA | Human leukocyte antigen gene locus. |
| HW | Hardy-Weinberg (proportions). |
| K562 | A human cell line whose DNA sample is used as a standard. |
| LDLR | Low-density lipoprotein receptor gene locus. |
| LE | Linkage equilibrium. |
| LR | Likelihood ratio. |
| MVR | Minisatellite variant repeat. |
| NIST | National Institute of Standards and Technology. |
| PCR | Polymerase chain reaction. |
| pi | A symbol used to designate the frequency of the i-th allele; the subscript may be dropped. |
| PM | Polymarker. |
| QA | Quality assurance. |
| QC | Quality control. |
| RFLP | Restriction fragment length polymorphism. |
| s or s | Standard deviation. |
| STR | Short tandem repeats. |
| T | Thymine. |
| TWGDAM | Technical Working Group on DNA Analysis and Methods. |
| V | Variance (also Var). |
| VNTR | Variable number of tandem repeats. (These are RFLPs.) |
