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Measures of Environmental Performance and Ecosystem Condition (1999)
National Academy of Engineering (NAE)

Citation Manager

. "Use of Materials Balances to Estimate Aggregate Waste Generation in the United States." Measures of Environmental Performance and Ecosystem Condition. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1999.

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Lost Mass

Dry Organic

Dry Inorganic

Emission to Air

Sector

Combustible

Noncombustible

Soil Overburden

Concentration Wastes

Process Wastes (ash, slag, etc.)

H2O

CO2

O2

CH4, VOC

N,S

Chemicals

57.2

22.9i

1.0

Primary metals

0.3j

0.3 (S)

3.0k

Stone, clay, glass

10

51.3

Fossil fuel and

92

2,088

4.726

-5.393

6

10 (N)

electric power

14 (S)

TOTAL

520+?

25+?

8,346.7

902.5

146.3

1,098

3,759.1

-4,732

19.5

36.3

a Crop residues, normally recycled to land.

b Animal manure, normally recycled to land. Not including emissions from free-ranging animals.

c Values in parentheses are emissions or consumption ( - ) from energy recovery. These values are not included in totals.

d Metal ore mining in the United States.

e Nonmetallic mineral mining in United States, excluding alumina and phosphate concentration wastes.

f Coal mining, not including coke-oven emissions.

g Petroleum and gas drilling.

h Including natural gas processing and transmission. H2O, CO2, and O2 emissions (consumption) based on combustion of process wastes for energy.

i Process wastes of the organic chemical sector are partly combustible and partly incombustible. Detailed breakdown not available.

j Iron and steel slag are by-products with many uses. concentration wastes are included with the mining sector.

k CO2 emissions are included with fuel combustion

NOTES: Plus ( + ) signs refer to production. Minus ( - ) signs refer to consumption. VOC = volatile organic chemical.

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