National Academies Press: OpenBook

Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate? (1996)

Chapter: 2 Statistical Resources

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Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

2
Statistical Resources

Contents

TABLE 2.1

 

Utilization of Community Hospitals by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.2

 

Use of Inpatient Services in Community Hospitals by Persons 65 Years of Age and Over (Medicare population) by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.3

 

Number of Inpatient Beds in Community Hospitals by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.4

 

Number of Acute Care Beds and Intensive Care Unit Beds as a Percent of Total Beds by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.5

 

Number of Community Hospitals Offering Selected Services by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.6

 

Number of Community Hospitals Contracting with HMOs and PPOs by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.7

 

Percent Change in Selected Hospital Performance Indicators, United States, 1993–1995

 

 

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.8

 

Number of Registered Nurses as a Percent of Total Nursing Personnel by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.9

 

Number of Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) Personnel in Community Hospitals by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.10

 

Number of Registered Nurses per 1,000 Admissions by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.11

 

Number of Registered Nurse Full-Time Equivalents (FTE) per 100 Adjusted Average Daily Census by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.12

 

Number of Registered Nurse (RN) Basic Education Programs, Enrollments, and Graduations and Percent Change, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.13

 

Percent Distribution of Registered Nurse (RN) Basic Education Programs, Enrollments, and Graduations, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.14

 

Number of Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) Education Programs, Enrollments, and Graduations and Percent Change, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

TABLE 2.15

 

Employment in Selected Health Occupations, United States, 1983–1993

 

 

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.1 Utilization of Community Hospitals by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

 

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

 

Number

Total hospitals

U.S. total

5,783

5,759

5,611

5,384

5,342

5,292

5,261

-0.4

-0.9

-1.4

-0.6

-0.8

-0.9

Metropolitan

3,070

3,063

3,012

2,924

2,921

3,007

3,012

-0.2

-0.6

-1.0

0.2

1.0

-0.2

Nonmetropolitan

2,713

2,696

2,599

2,460

2,421

2,285

2,249

-0.6

-1.2

-1.8

-1.6

-2.9

-1.7

Geographic divisions

New England

251

249

243

229

228

230

227

-0.8

-0.8

-2.0

-1.3

-0.3

-1.0

Middle Atlantic

608

603

586

568

563

560

561

-0.8

-0.9

-1.0

0.2

-0.4

-0.8

South Atlantic

820

823

827

803

801

790

790

0.4

0.2

-1.0

0.0

-0.5

-0.4

E. North Central

900

888

852

818

819

813

809

-1.3

-1.4

-1.3

-0.5

-0.4

-1.0

E. South Central

488

491

481

464

461

454

449

0.6

-0.7

-1.2

-1.1

-1.1

-0.8

W. North Central

796

792

767

742

726

722

714

-0.5

-1.1

-1.1

-1.1

-1.3

-1.0

W. South Central

845

842

810

765

758

746

743

-0.4

-1.3

-1.9

-0.4

-1.0

-1.2

Mountain

371

371

373

355

353

352

350

0.0

0.2

-1.6

-0.6

-0.5

-0.6

Pacific

704

700

672

640

633

625

618

-0.6

-1.4

-1.6

-1.1

-1.1

-1.2

 

Number (in millions)

Total admissions

U.S. total

36.152

35.155

31.601

31.181

31.064

31.034

30.748

-2.8

-3.5

-0.4

-0.9

-0.5

-1.5

Metropolitan

28.284

27.706

25.601

25.490

25.508

25.885

25.751

-2.0

-2.6

-0.1

-0.5

0.3

-0.9

Nonmetropolitan

7.868

7.449

6.000

5.691

5.556

5.149

4.997

-5.3

-7.0

-1.7

-3.0

-4.1

-3.6

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

 

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

 

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

 

Number (in millions)

Geographic divisions

New England

1.793

1.772

1.615

1.621

1.625

1.638

1.603

-1.2

-3.0

0.1

-2.1

-0.4

-1.1

Middle Atlantic

5.728

5.710

5.363

5.249

5.282

5.316

5.294

-0.3

-2.1

-0.7

-0.4

0.3

-0.8

South Atlantic

6.042

5.919

5.456

5.512

5.452

5.489

5.503

-2.0

-2.7

0.3

0.3

-0.0

-0.9

E. North Central

6.695

6.450

5.640

5.404

5.363

5.295

5.222

-3.7

-4.4

-1.4

-1.4

-1.1

-2.2

E. South Central

2.852

2.738

2.377

2.323

2.286

2.272

2.256

-4.0

-4.6

-0.8

-0.7

-1.0

-2.1

W. North Central

3.006

2.808

2.398

2.335

2.309

2.268

2.200

-6.6

-5.1

-0.9

-3.0

-1.9

-2.7

W. South Central

4.247

4.088

3.382

3.322

3.299

3.298

3.267

-3.7

-6.1

-0.6

-0.9

-0.6

-2.3

Mountain

1.604

1.546

1.434

1.426

1.451

1.444

1.431

-3.6

-2.5

-0.2

-0.9

0.1

-1.1

Pacific

4.184

4.125

3.935

3.990

3.998

4.014

3.974

-1.4

-1.6

0.5

-1.0

-0.1

-0.5

 

Number of days (in millions)

Total inpatient days

U.S. total

273.2

256.6

227.0

226.0

222.9

221.0

215.9

-6.1

-4.0

-0.1

-2.3

-1.5

-2.1

Metropolitan

216.6

205.0

183.3

182.6

180.0

180.7

176.5

-5.4

-3.7

-0.1

-2.3

-1.1

-1.9

Nonmetropolitan

56.6

51.6

43.7

43.4

42.9

40.3

39.3

-8.8

-5.4

-0.2

-2.5

-3.1

-3.1

Geographic divisions

New England

14.6

14.1

12.2

12.0

11.7

11.5

11.2

-3.4

-4.7

-0.5

-2.6

-2.2

-2.3

Middle Atlantic

50.9

49.9

44.5

45.8

45.5

46.4

46.3

-2.0

-3.7

1.0

-0.2

0.4

-0.9

South Atlantic

45.1

42.0

38.6

38.8

38.6

38.5

37.7

-6.9

-2.8

0.2

-2.1

-0.9

-1.6

E. North Central

52.7

48.3

40.2

38.6

37.7

36.5

35.3

-8.3

-5.9

-1.3

-3.3

-2.8

-3.3

E. South Central

20.3

18.6

16.2

16.2

15.9

15.9

15.5

-8.4

-4.5

0.0

-2.5

-1.4

-2.4

W. North Central

24.8

22.5

20.0

19.6

19.3

19.0

18.2

-9.3

-3.9

-0.7

-4.2

-2.4

-2.7

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

W. South Central

27.7

25.6

21.4

21.5

21.1

20.9

20.4

-7.6

-5.8

0.2

-2.4

-1.7

-2.6

Mountain

10.7

10.0

9.2

9.3

9.2

9.0

8.9

-6.5

-2.7

0.4

-1.1

-1.4

-1.7

Pacific

26.5

25.6

24.8

24.2

23.8

23.4

22.5

-3.4

-1.1

-0.8

-3.8

-2.3

-1.5

 

Number of days

Average length of stay

U.S. total

7.55

7.29

7.18

7.24

7.17

7.13

7.03

-3.4

-0.5

0.3

-1.4

-1.0

-0.7

Metropolitan

7.65

7.40

7.16

7.16

7.06

6.98

6.84

-3.3

-1.1

0.0

-1.9

-1.5

-1.1

Nonmetropolitan

7.16

6.97

7.28

7.61

7.66

7.90

7.86

-2.7

1.5

1.5

-0.5

1.1

1.0

Geographic divisions

New England

8.11

7.83

7.63

7.50

7.31

7.19

7.00

-3.4

-0.9

-0.5

-2.6

-2.2

-1.4

Middle Atlantic

8.93

8.75

8.24

8.81

8.58

8.75

8.74

-2.0

-2.0

2.2

-0.2

-0.3

-0.2

South Atlantic

7.52

7.12

7.02

7.05

7.02

7.00

6.85

-5.3

-0.5

0.2

-2.1

-0.9

-0.9

E. North Central

7.87

7.55

7.18

7.15

6.98

6.89

6.79

-4.1

-1.7

-0.1

-1.4

-1.7

-1.4

E. South Central

7.00

6.89

6.75

7.04

6.91

6.91

6.74

-1.6

-0.7

1.4

-2.5

-1.4

-0.4

W. North Central

8.27

8.04

8.33

8.52

8.39

8.26

8.27

-2.8

1.2

0.7

0.1

-1.0

0.0

W. South Central

6.60

6.24

6.29

6.52

6.39

6.33

6.18

-5.3

0.3

1.2

-2.4

-1.7

-0.6

Mountain

6.69

6.67

6.57

6.64

6.13

6.43

6.36

-0.3

-0.5

0.4

-1.1

-1.4

-0.5

Pacific

6.31

6.24

6.36

6.05

5.95

5.85

5.63

-1.0

0.6

-1.6

-3.8

-2.3

-1.1

 

SOURCE: American Hospital Association, Annual Surveys, 1983–1993, special tabulations.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.2 Use of Inpatient Services in Community Hospitals by Persons 65 Years of Age and Over (Medicare Population) by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

 

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

 

Number (in millions)

Discharges

U.S. total

11.562

11.462

10.295

10.693

10.776

11.127

11.354

-0.9

-3.5

1.3

2.0

2.1

-0.2

Metropolitan

8.673

8.680

8.022

8.382

8.505

8.931

9.152

0.0

-2.6

1.5

2.5

3.1

0.6

Nonmetropolitan

2.889

2.782

2.273

2.311

2.271

2.196

2.202

-3.7

-6.5

0.6

0.3

-1.6

-2.4

Geographic divisions

New England

0.613

0.625

0.544

0.568

0.598

0.616

0.634

2.0

-4.5

1.4

2.9

3.9

0.3

Middle Atlantic

1.811

1.855

1.777

1.819

1.852

1.905

1.950

2.4

-1.4

0.8

2.4

2.4

0.8

South Atlantic

2.008

1.975

1.800

1.879

1.899

2.011

2.083

-1.6

-3.0

1.4

3.6

3.6

0.4

E. North Central

2.056

2.059

1.831

1.873

1.908

1.950

1.984

0.1

-3.8

0.8

1.7

2.0

-0.4

E. South Central

0.940

0.908

0.827

0.859

0.850

0.861

0.882

-3.4

-3.1

1.3

2.4

0.9

-0.6

W. North Central

1.070

1.015

0.837

0.880

0.897

0.913

0.906

-5.1

-6.2

1.7

-0.8

1.0

-1.5

W. South Central

1.288

1.247

1.043

1.134

1.114

1.161

1.178

-3.2

-5.8

2.8

1.5

1.3

-0.9

Mountain

0.465

0.462

0.428

0.458

0.449

0.463

0.476

-0.6

-2.5

2.3

2.8

1.3

0.2

Pacific

1.312

1.314

1.206

1.225

1.209

1.247

1.261

0.2

-2.8

0.5

1.1

1.0

-0.4

 

Number of days (in millions)

Inpatient Days

U.S. total

115.1

106.7

92.1

97.2

96.7

97.1

95.7

-7.3

-4.8

1.8

-1.4

-0.5

-1.7

Metropolitan

90.2

84.7

74.8

79.1

79.0

80.2

79.3

-6.1

-4.1

1.9

-1.1

0.0

-1.2

Nonmetropolitan

24.9

22.0

17.3

18.1

17.7

16.9

16.4

-11.6

-7.7

1.5

-3.0

-3.1

-3.4

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

Geographic divisions

New England

6.7

6.6

5.6

5.8

5.7

5.8

5.6

-1.5

-5.3

1.2

-3.4

-1.1

-1.6

Middle Atlantic

22.2

21.9

19.4

20.7

20.5

20.9

21.1

-1.4

-4.0

2.2

1.0

0.6

-0.5

South Atlantic

19.3

17.6

16.0

17.0

16.9

17.3

17.0

-8.8

-3.1

2.0

-1.7

0.0

-1.2

E. North Central

21.7

19.8

16.3

16.7

16.5

16.4

16.1

-8.8

-6.3

0.8

-1.8

-1.2

-2.6

E. South Central

8.6

7.8

6.8

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.2

-9.3

-4.5

2.4

-1.4

-0.5

-1.6

W. North Central

10.4

8.9

7.2

7.7

7.6

7.7

7.4

-14.4

-6.8

2.3

-3.9

-1.3

-2.9

W. South Central

11.1

10.1

8.4

9.4

9.4

9.5

9.4

-9.0

-6.0

3.8

-1.1

0.0

-1.5

Mountain

4.0

3.7

3.2

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.3

-7.5

-4.7

2.0

0.0

-1.0

-1.8

Pacific

11.1

10.3

9.3

9.2

9.1

9.0

8.6

-7.2

-3.3

-0.4

-4.4

-2.2

-2.3

 

Number of days

Average length of stay

U.S. total

10.0

9.3

8.9

9.1

9.0

8.7

8.4

-6.5

-1.3

0.5

-3.4

-2.4

-1.5

Metropolitan

10.4

9.8

9.3

9.4

9.3

9.0

8.7

-6.2

-1.5

0.4

-3.5

-2.7

-1.7

Nonmetropolitan

8.6

7.9

7.6

7.8

7.8

7.7

7.4

-8.2

-1.3

1.0

-3.2

-1.6

-1.4

Geographic divisions

New England

10.9

10.6

10.3

10.2

9.5

9.4

8.8

-3.4

-0.8

-0.3

-6.2

-4.5

-1.9

Middle Atlantic

12.3

11.8

10.9

11.4

11.1

11.0

10.8

-3.7

-2.6

1.4

-1.4

-1.6

-1.2

South Atlantic

9.6

8.9

8.9

9.0

8.9

8.6

8.2

-7.3

-0.0

0.6

-5.1

-3.3

-1.5

E. North Central

10.6

9.6

8.9

8.9

8.6

8.4

8.1

-8.9

-2.5

0.0

-3.5

-3.0

-2.3

E. South Central

9.1

8.6

8.2

8.5

8.6

8.5

8.2

-6.1

-1.4

1.1

-3.7

-1.3

-1.1

W. North Central

9.7

8.8

8.6

8.8

8.5

8.4

8.2

-9.8

-0.6

0.6

-3.2

-2.2

-1.6

W. South Central

8.6

8.1

8.1

8.3

8.4

8.2

8.0

-6.0

-0.2

1.0

-2.5

-1.2

-0.7

Mountain

8.6

8.0

7.5

7.4

7.6

7.1

6.9

-6.9

-2.3

-0.2

-2.7

-2.2

-1.9

Pacific

8.5

7.8

7.7

7.5

7.5

7.2

6.8

-7.3

-0.5

-0.9

-5.5

-3.1

-1.9

 

SOURCE: American Hospital Association, Annual Surveys, 1983–1993, special tabulations.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.3 Number of Inpatient Beds in Community Hospitals by Geographic Divisions for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

 

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

Total beds

U.S. total

1,020,378

1,012,611

954,977

928,055

923,861

921,294

916,227

-0.8

-1.9

-0.9

-0.5

-0.4

-1.0

Metropolitan

785,066

781,024

738,552

721,743

719,284

728,809

726,704

-0.5

-1.8

-0.8

-0.3

0.2

-0.7

Nonmetropolitan

235,312

231,587

216,425

206,312

204,577

192,485

189,523

-1.6

-2.2

-1.6

-1.5

-2.7

-1.9

Geographic divisions

New England

50,794

50,894

46,262

44,214

44,023

43,691

43,053

0.2

-3.1

-1.5

-1.5

-0.9

-1.5

Middle Atlantic

167,614

167,985

156,580

156,218

156,087

159,556

161,790

0.2

-2.3

-0.1

1.4

1.2

-0.3

South Atlantic

165,966

165,374

158,885

158,207

158,744

158,938

159,083

-0.4

-1.3

-0.1

0.1

0.2

-0.4

E. North Central

196,612

191,647

174,812

163,178

160,914

158,588

155,083

-2.5

-3.0

-2.3

-2.2

-1.7

-2.1

E. South Central

75,475

75,053

73,123

71,036

71,140

70,291

69,776

-0.6

-0.9

-1.0

-0.7

-0.6

-0.8

W. North Central

100,267

96,289

90,632

86,810

85,936

85,364

83,671

-4.0

-2.0

-1.4

-2.0

-1.2

-1.7

W. South Central

111,264

112,185

104,719

101,550

101,352

100,406

100,277

0.8

-2.3

-1.0

-0.1

-0.4

-1.0

Mountain

43,587

43,986

42,856

42,254

41,883

41,487

42,130

0.9

-0.9

-0.5

1.5

-0.1

-0.3

Pacific

108,799

109,198

107,108

104,588

103,782

102,973

101,364

0.4

-0.6

-0.8

-1.6

-1.0

-0.7

 

SOURCE: American Hospital Association, Annual Surveys 1983–1993, special tabulations.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.4 Number of Acute Care Beds and Intensive Care Unit Beds as a Percent of Total Beds by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

Year

Hospital Beds

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

 

Number

Total hospital beds

1,020,378

1,012,611

954,977

928,055

923,861

921,294

916,227

 

Percent of Total Beds

Acute care beds

U.S. total

81.6

80.4

78.7

69.2

67.4

66.3

64.3

Metropolitan

82.9

81.5

79.9

69.7

67.8

66.8

64.7

Nonmetropolitan

77.2

76.8

74.6

67.6

66.1

64.6

62.5

Geographic divisions

New England

87.6

87.1

87.0

78.6

75.4

74.1

72.6

Middle Atlantic

82.7

81.2

81.6

72.5

71.4

70.0

66.4

South Atlantic

81.6

81.9

79.0

72.6

70.5

68.6

68.8

E. North Central

84.6

83.4

81.1

69.0

67.3

66.4

64.8

E. South Central

82.4

82.4

82.0

69.8

68.7

66.4

62.8

W. North Central

75.5

74.3

73.1

61.8

59.8

59.9

57.7

W. South Central

81.6

79.7

78.8

71.1

69.9

69.2

67.5

Mountain

89.5

74.4

73.2

63.5

59.5

59.6

55.5

Pacific

78.7

75.3

71.1

62.0

59.5

59.0

56.5

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

 

Year

Hospital Beds

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

 

Percent of Total Beds

Intensive care beds

U.S. total

7.5

7.8

9.0

9.9

10.3

10.7

10.8

Metropolitan

8.2

8.6

10.0

11.0

11.5

11.9

12.0

Nonmetropolitan

5.0

5.2

5.7

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.0

Geographic divisions

New England

7.1

7.2

7.9

8.8

8.7

9.1

9.3

Middle Atlantic

6.8

7.0

7.7

8.2

8.5

8.7

8.7

South Atlantic

7.8

8.3

9.7

11.1

11.7

12.2

12.5

E. North Central

7.0

7.4

8.8

9.8

10.3

10.8

11.0

E. South Central

7.1

7.7

8.8

9.3

9.9

10.1

9.9

W. North Central

6.9

7.2

8.2

8.8

9.0

9.4

9.2

W. South Central

7.2

7.9

9.4

10.7

10.9

11.5

11.9

Mountain

8.1

8.5

9.7

10.7

10.8

11.1

11.1

Pacific

10.0

9.9

10.6

11.6

12.6

12.6

12.4

 

SOURCE: American Hospital Association, Annual Surveys, 1983–1993, special tabulations.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.5 Number of Community Hospitals Offering Selected Services by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

Service

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

 

Number

Home health care

U.S. total

795

1,167

1,843

1,801

1,798

1,873

2,047

46.8

16.5

-0.8

9.3

4.6

15.7

Metropolitan

501

703

989

943

934

997

1,092

40.3

12.1

-1.6

9.5

5.3

11.8

Nonmetropolitan

294

464

854

858

864

876

955

57.8

22.5

0.2

9.0

3.8

22.5

Geographic divisions

New England

51

55

58

40

38

37

45

7.8

1.8

-11.6

21.6

4.2

-1.2

Middle Atlantic

110

124

183

174

173

173

184

12.7

13.9

-1.7

6.4

1.9

6.7

South Atlantic

58

92

199

207

215

225

258

58.6

29.3

1.3

14.7

8.2

34.5

E. North Central

136

198

298

292

292

297

310

45.6

14.6

-0.7

4.4

2.1

12.8

E. South Central

55

80

124

118

119

130

146

45.5

15.7

-1.6

12.3

7.9

16.5

W. North Central

121

214

353

321

316

338

356

76.9

18.2

-3.1

5.3

3.6

19.4

W. South Central

84

164

291

281

289

315

362

95.2

21.1

-1.2

14.9

9.6

33.1

Mountain

53

87

132

147

144

155

176

64.2

14.9

3.7

13.5

6.6

23.2

Pacific

127

153

205

221

212

203

210

20.5

10.2

2.5

3.4

-1.7

6.5

Skilled nursing units

U.S. total

752

829

861

1,073

1,158

1,269

1,354

10.2

1.3

7.6

6.7

8.7

8.0

Metropolitan

266

271

345

514

559

660

721

1.9

8.4

14.2

9.2

13.4

17.1

Nonmetropolitan

486

558

516

559

559

609

633

14.8

-2.6

2.7

3.9

4.4

3.0

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

 

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

Service

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

 

Number

Geographic divisions

New England

25

26

13

17

18

21

25

4.0

-20.6

9.4

19.0

15.7

0.0

Middle Atlantic

98

97

87

115

113

124

125

-1.0

-3.6

9.7

0.8

2.9

2.8

South Atlantic

82

78

88

126

142

164

175

-4.9

4.1

12.7

6.7

13.0

11.3

E. North Central

106

113

145

173

184

209

219

6.6

8.7

6.1

4.8

8.9

10.7

E. South Central

55

50

58

69

77

93

96

-9.1

5.1

6.0

3.2

13.0

7.5

W. North Central

185

247

196

201

205

222

229

33.5

-7.4

0.8

3.2

4.6

2.4

W. South Central

32

42

84

142

176

177

202

31.3

26.0

19.1

14.1

14.1

53.1

Mountain

91

97

84

96

100

104

109

6.6

-4.7

4.6

4.8

4.5

2.0

Pacific

78

79

106

134

143

155

174

1.3

10.3

8.1

12.3

10.0

12.3

Hospice

U.S. total

513

578

764

817

825

874

964

12.7

9.7

2.3

10.3

6.0

8.8

Metropolitan

367

406

499

523

527

552

576

10.6

7.1

1.6

4.3

3.4

5.7

Nonmetropolitan

146

172

265

294

298

322

388

17.8

15.5

3.5

20.5

10.7

16.6

Geographic divisions

New England

35

40

39

33

28

31

38

14.3

-0.8

-5.4

22.6

5.1

0.9

Middle Atlantic

98

109

120

113

112

111

123

11.2

3.3

-2.0

10.8

2.9

2.6

South Atlantic

47

56

82

103

98

103

114

19.1

13.6

7.9

10.7

3.6

14.3

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

E. North Central

116

126

141

141

149

154

175

8.6

3.8

0.0

13.6

8.0

5.1

E. South Central

23

24

35

41

41

45

52

4.3

13.4

5.4

15.6

8.9

12.6

W. North Central

78

89

138

165

178

202

212

14.1

15.7

6.1

5.0

9.5

17.2

W. South Central

17

23

44

57

62

72

75

35.3

24.1

9.0

4.2

10.5

34.1

Mountain

27

28

46

54

48

53

65

3.7

18.0

5.5

22.6

6.8

14.1

Pacific

72

83

119

110

109

103

110

15.3

12.8

-2.6

6.8

0.0

5.3

 

Number (in millions)

Outpatient visits

U.S. total

210.0

212.0

245.5

301.3

322.0

348.5

366.9

1.0

5.0

7.1

5.3

7.3

7.5

Metropolitan

171.9

173.1

198.5

242.1

259.3

283.8

298.2

0.7

4.7

6.8

5.1

7.7

7.3

Nonmetropolitan

38.1

38.9

47.0

59.2

62.7

64.7

68.7

2.1

6.5

8.0

6.2

5.3

8.0

Geographic divisions

New England

15.6

16.1

16.7

19.5

20.8

23.3

23.4

3.2

1.2

5.3

0.4

6.7

5.0

Middle Atlantic

44.8

44.2

48.0

60.2

61.8

65.6

69.5

-1.3

2.8

7.8

5.9

5.1

5.5

South Atlantic

28.2

30.1

35.3

43.5

45.4

48.5

52.7

6.7

5.5

7.2

8.7

7.0

8.7

E. North Central

44.6

44.0

52.0

63.4

66.4

71.3

73.8

-1.3

5.7

6.8

3.5

5.5

6.5

E. South Central

9.7

9.7

12.9

16.4

17.6

19.6

21.4

0.0

10.0

8.3

9.2

10.2

12.1

W. North Central

13.9

13.6

17.1

20.6

22.3

23.9

26.1

-2.2

7.9

6.4

9.2

8.9

8.8

W. South Central

15.8

15.3

18.4

23.4

25.0

28.6

30.8

-3.2

6.3

8.3

7.7

10.5

9.5

Mountain

9.5

9.6

12.4

13.9

15.9

17.5

18.3

1.1

8.9

3.9

4.6

10.6

9.3

Pacific

27.9

29.4

32.7

40.2

46.9

50.4

50.9

5.4

3.6

7.1

1.0

8.9

8.2

 

SOURCE: American Hospital Association, Annual Surveys, 1983–1993, special tabulations.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.6 Number of Community Hospitals Contracting with Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) and Prospective Payment Organizations (PPO) by Geographic Divisions for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

Hospital Contract

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

HMO

U.S. total

1,103

1,378

2,488

2,433

2,502

2,558

2,649

24.9

21.8

-0.7

3.6

3.0

14.0

Metropolitan

967

1,222

1,939

1,941

1,987

2,058

2,089

26.4

16.6

0.0

1.5

2.5

11.6

Nonmetropolitan

136

156

549

492

515

500

560

14.7

52.1

-3.6

12.0

4.6

31.2

Geographic divisions

New England

96

114

153

156

156

157

165

18.8

10.3

0.6

5.1

1.9

7.2

Middle Atlantic

163

184

299

312

321

345

368

12.9

17.6

1.4

6.7

6.0

12.6

South Atlantic

102

163

335

320

335

338

366

59.8

27.1

-1.5

8.3

4.8

25.9

E. North Central

256

322

558

538

538

542

549

25.8

20.1

-1.2

1.3

0.7

11.4

E. South Central

32

40

139

130

150

155

156

25.0

51.5

-2.2

0.6

6.7

38.8

W. North Central

104

142

295

266

260

261

265

36.5

27.6

-3.4

1.5

-0.1

15.5

W. South Central

52

78

220

218

237

248

274

50.0

41.3

-0.3

10.5

8.6

42.7

Mountain

57

72

134

131

134

145

145

26.3

23.0

-0.8

0.0

3.6

15.4

Pacific

241

263

355

362

371

367

361

9.1

10.5

0.7

-1.6

-0.0

5.0

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

PPO

U.S. total

a

807

2,290

2,674

2,802

2,980

3195

a

41.6

5.3

7.2

6.5

32.9

Metropolitan

 

719

1,713

1,929

1,973

2,122

2189

 

33.6

4.0

3.2

4.5

22.7

Nonmetropolitan

 

88

577

745

829

858

1006

 

87.2

8.9

17.2

11.7

115.9

Geographic divisions

New England

a

26

80

103

117

125

137

a

45.4

8.8

9.6

11.0

47.4

Middle Atlantic

 

20

154

204

220

260

298

 

97.5

9.8

14.6

15.4

154.4

South Atlantic

 

113

370

432

461

485

540

 

48.5

5.3

11.3

8.3

42.0

E. North Central

 

155

505

570

578

601

611

 

48.2

4.1

1.7

2.4

32.7

E. South Central

 

58

240

247

260

263

262

 

60.5

1.0

-0.4

2.0

39.1

W. North Central

 

64

173

244

265

308

351

 

39.3

12.1

14.0

14.6

49.8

W. South Central

 

49

217

321

347

379

455

 

64.2

13.9

20.1

13.9

92.1

Mountain

 

67

140

149

146

162

164

 

27.8

2.1

1.2

3.4

16.1

Pacific

 

155

411

404

408

397

377

 

38.4

-0.6

-5.0

-2.2

15.9

a This item was not collected on the 1983 survey.

SOURCE: American Hospital Association, Annual Surveys, 1983–1993, special tabulations.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.7 Percent Change in Selected Hospital Performance Indicators, United States, 1993–1995

 

Quarter Ending March

Year-to-Date March

Year Ending March

Indicator

1993–1994

1994–1995

1993–1994

1994–1995

1993–1994

1994–1995

Utilization

Staffed beds

-1.2

-1.5

-1.2

-1.5

-0.8

-1.6

Admissions

0.2

3.2

0.2

3.2

0.8

1.6

Inpatient days

-2.9

-2.6

-2.9

-2.6

-2.4

-2.9

Average length of stay

-3.1

-5.6

-3.1

-5.6

-3.2

-4.4

Outpatient visits

3.9

13.0

3.9

13.0

5.9

9.3

Surgical operations

0.3

6.4

0.3

6.4

1.0

4.1

Births

-2.3

-1.0

-2.3

-1.0

-1.9

-1.5

65-and-over admissions

2.3

5.2

2.3

5.2

3.0

2.8

65-and-over inpatient days

-1.1

-3.0

-1.1

-3.0

-1.9

-2.8

65-and-over length of stay

-3.4

-7.8

-3.4

-7.8

-4.8

-5.3

Under-65 admissions

-1.1

1.9

-1.1

1.9

-0.5

0.9

Under-65 inpatient days

-4.6

-2.1

-4.6

-2.1

-2.8

-3.0

Under-65 length of stay

-3.5

-4.0

-3.5

-4.0

-2.3

-3.9

 

SOURCE: American Hospital Association, Economic Trends, 1995.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.8 Number of Registered Nurses as a Percent of Total Nursing Personnel by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States 1983–1993

 

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

 

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

U.S. total

57.0

59.9

64.8

64.7

65.2

66.3

67.1

5.1

2.6

-0.0

1.2

1.2

1.8

Metropolitan

59.5

62.2

67.1

66.8

67.1

68.1

68.8

4.5

2.6

-0.2

1.1

1.0

1.6

Nonmetropolitan

45.8

49.4

54.7

54.6

55.5

56.9

57.9

7.9

3.5

-0.0

1.9

2.0

2.7

Geographic divisions

New England

66.9

66.9

70.4

70.9

72.5

73.1

73.1

3.3

1.7

0.2

-0.6

1.0

0.9

Middle Atlantic

62.5

62.5

66.2

65.8

66.5

68.1

68.1

2.9

1.9

-0.2

1.5

1.2

0.9

South Atlantic

57.7

57.7

63.4

62.7

63.3

64.3

64.3

6.2

3.2

-0.4

1.7

0.8

1.1

E. North Central

60.5

60.5

66.6

67.1

67.7

69.4

69.4

5.6

3.3

0.2

0.3

1.1

1.5

E. South Central

50.2

50.2

57.3

58.0

57.6

59.2

59.2

10.0

4.5

0.4

1.8

0.7

1.8

W. North Central

60.5

60.5

67.0

65.7

66.0

67.7

67.7

6.0

3.5

-0.7

0.7

1.0

1.2

W. South Central

50.6

50.6

55.3

54.1

54.8

56.2

56.2

8.1

3.0

-0.8

3.7

1.3

1.1

Mountain

65.3

65.3

70.2

70.0

69.1

69.0

69.0

4.1

2.4

-0.0

1.7

-0.5

0.6

Pacific

66.6

66.6

70.1

71.1

71.6

71.6

71.6

2.1

1.7

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.8

 

SOURCE: American Hospital Association, Annual Surveys, 1983–1993, special tabulations.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.9 Number of Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) Personnel in Community Hospitals by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

Year

Region

1983

1984

1987

1990

U.S. Total

FTE personnel

3,095,638

3,016,850

3,113,608

3,419,519

Nursing personnel

1,225,200

1,164,791

1,171,474

1,251,568

RNs

698,162

697,814

758,973

809,927

LPNs

229,751

204,578

174,027

167,933

Ancillary nursing personnel

294,181

259,220

234,162

268,113

New England

FTE personnel

189,759

188,900

190,693

197,689

Nursing personnel

68,105

66,033

63,286

65,400

RNs

44,121

44,195

44,578

46,372

LPNs

11,090

9,997

7,716

6,966

Ancillary nursing personnel

12,508

11,441

10,587

11,630

Middle Atlantic

FTE personnel

550,698

552,467

574,012

628,648

Nursing personnel

211,808

208,783

207,484

220,700

RNs

128,750

130,539

137,273

145,252

LPNs

33,771

31,267

25,965

25,529

Ancillary nursing personnel

48,762

46,334

43,507

48,234

South Atlantic

FTE personnel

492,137

481,070

509,370

578,299

Nursing personnel

205,380

192,443

203,392

226,259

RNs

111,553

110,975

129,044

141,841

LPNs

39,697

35,229

31,168

30,999

Ancillary nursing personnel

53,554

45,564

42,390

52,365

E. North Central

FTE personnel

614,812

589,151

588,045

627,134

Nursing personnel

238,361

223,350

213,763

221,337

RNs

136,581

135,180

142,460

148,600

LPNs

41,600

35,764

26,387

24,478

Ancillary nursing personnel

59,362

51,676

43,824

47,330

E. South Central

FTE personnel

200,846

193,586

197,870

223,715

Nursing personnel

86,693

81,627

80,545

87,954

RNs

39,576

40,989

46,129

51,010

LPNs

20,664

18,482

15,811

16,742

Ancillary nursing personnel

26,405

22,087

18,501

20,067

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

U.S. Total

3,535,294

3,619,849

3,676,642

-2.5

1.1

3.2

1.6

2.5

1.9

1,289,465

1,295,271

1,302,840

-4.9

0.2

2.2

0.6

1.4

0.6

840,509

858,909

874,127

0.0

2.8

2.2

1.8

2.6

2.5

165,858

157,220

148,855

-11.0

-5.2

-1.2

-5.3

-3.8

-3.5

278,125

274,015

274,195

-11.9

-3.3

4.6

0.0

0.8

-0.7

New England

200,614

204,786

206,533

-0.5

0.3

1.2

0.9

1.5

0.9

65,168

64,355

64,489

-3.0

-1.4

1.1

0.2

-0.5

-0.5

47,267

47,052

46,855

0.2

0.3

1.3

-0.4

0.3

0.6

6,232

5,786

5,314

-9.9

-8.3

-3.4

-8.2

-7.9

-5.2

11,174

11,049

11,786

-8.5

-2.6

3.2

6.7

0.4

-0.6

Middle Atlantic

641,669

659,512

680,003

0.3

1.3

3.1

3.1

2.7

2.3

224,900

226,717

230,694

-1.4

-0.2

2.1

1.8

1.5

0.9

149,511

154,413

159,494

1.4

1.7

1.9

3.3

3.3

2.4

25,048

23,452

22,303

-7.4

-6.0

-0.6

-4.9

-4.2

-3.4

49,375

47,757

47,582

-5.0

-2.1

3.5

-0.4

-0.5

-0.2

South Atlantic

601,829

615,982

632,779

-2.2

1.9

4.3

2.7

3.1

2.9

232,352

235,593

235,683

-6.3

1.9

3.6

0.0

1.4

1.5

146,992

151,369

153,969

-0.5

5.2

3.2

1.7

2.9

3.8

31,055

29,310

27,704

-11.3

-4.0

-0.2

-5.5

-3.5

-3.0

53,303

53,895

53,059

-14.9

-2.4

7.3

-1.6

0.4

-0.0

E. North Central

646,070

652,507

653,314

-4.2

-0.0

2.2

0.1

1.4

0.6

228,302

225,975

225,234

-6.3

-1.5

1.2

-0.3

0.6

-0.6

154,520

156,805

156,767

-1.0

1.8

1.4

-0.0

1.8

1.5

23,960

21,954

20,198

-14.0

-9.6

-2.5

-8.0

-5.8

-5.1

48,978

46,475

47,528

-12.9

-5.3

2.6

2.3

0.1

-2.0

E. South Central

235,286

246,627

248,865

-3.6

0.7

4.2

0.9

3.7

2.4

92,411

94,328

96,357

-5.8

-0.4

3.0

2.2

3.2

1.1

53,200

55,833

58,086

3.6

4.0

3.4

4.0

4.6

4.7

17,413

17,120

16,541

-10.6

-5.1

1.9

-3.4

-0.4

-2.0

21,686

21,233

21,547

-16.4

-5.7

2.7

1.5

2.5

-1.8

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

 

Year

Region

1983

1984

1987

1990

W. North Central

FTE personnel

254,313

236,836

246,427

268,978

Nursing personnel

98,918

89,005

90,605

98,024

RNs

56,457

53,870

60,738

64,419

LPNs

18,555

15,950

12,651

12,511

Ancillary nursing personnel

23,736

19,039

16,881

20,886

W. South Central

FTE personnel

309,830

296,416

299,223

341,100

Nursing personnel

128,414

121,404

120,232

134,828

RNs

60,066

61,403

66,492

72,898

LPNs

32,821

29,561

26,979

29,099

Ancillary nursing personnel

35,398

30,371

26,558

32,494

Mountain

FTE personnel

126,349

122,243

133,244

145,195

Nursing personnel

49,095

47,064

49,330

52,584

RNs

30,790

30,733

34,611

36,790

LPNs

8,460

7,390

5,974

5,875

Ancillary nursing personnel

9,609

8,750

8,526

9,679

Pacific

FTE personnel

356,894

356,181

374,724

408,761

Nursing personnel

138,420

135,084

139,239

144,481

RNs

90,268

89,930

97,648

102,745

LPNs

23,093

20,938

17,776

15,734

Ancillary nursing personnel

24,846

23,960

23,389

25,427

NOTE: LPN = licensed practical nurse; RN = registered nurse.

SOURCE: American Hospital Association, Annual Surveys, 1983–1993, special tabulations.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

W. North Central

279,526

283,347

280,527

-6.9

1.3

3.0

-1.0

1.4

1.0

99,989

99,393

97,003

-10.0

0.6

2.7

-2.4

-0.3

-0.2

66,007

67,278

66,144

-4.6

4.1

2.0

-1.7

0.9

1.7

12,128

11,360

10,673

-14.0

-7.4

-0.4

-6.0

-4.9

-4.2

21,612

20,476

19,924

-19.8

-3.9

7.4

-2.7

-1.5

-1.6

W. South Central

355,751

370,412

383,415

-4.3

0.3

4.5

3.5

4.1

2.4

139,926

144,688

147,419

-5.5

-0.3

3.9

1.9

3.1

1.5

76,663

81,377

85,990

2.2

2.7

3.1

5.7

6.0

4.3

29,030

28,089

27,037

-9.9

-3.0

2.6

-3.7

-2.4

-1.8

33,790

34,750

33,814

-14.2

-4.4

7.0

-2.7

1.4

-0.4

Mountain

151,922

158,281

166,062

-3.2

2.9

2.9

4.9

4.8

3.1

57,133

56,412

58,368

-4.1

1.6

2.2

3.5

3.7

1.9

39,492

38,918

40,941

-0.2

4.0

2.1

5.2

3.8

3.3

5,851

5,586

5,301

-12.6

-6.8

-0.6

-5.1

-3.3

-3.7

11,503

11,599

11,815

-8.9

-0.9

4.3

1.9

7.4

2.3

Pacific

422,627

428,395

425,144

-0.2

1.7

2.9

-0.8

1.3

1.9

149,284

147,811

147,593

-2.4

1.0

1.2

-0.1

0.7

0.7

106,857

105,864

105,881

-0.4

2.8

1.7

0.0

1.0

1.7

15,141

14,563

13,784

-9.3

-5.3

-4.0

-5.3

-4.1

-4.0

26,704

26,781

27,139

-3.6

-0.8

2.8

1.3

2.2

0.9

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.10 Number of Registered Nurses per 1,000 Admissions by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States, 1983–1993

 

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

 

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

U.S. total

19.3

19.8

24.0

26.0

27.0

27.7

28.5

2.8

6.6

2.6

2.8

3.2

4.8

Metropolitan

21.0

21.5

25.4

27.2

28.3

28.7

29.2

2.3

5.7

2.3

2.0

2.5

3.9

Nonmetropolitan

13.0

13.7

18.1

20.2

21.4

22.8

23.9

5.4

9.5

3.8

4.9

6.1

8.3

Geographic divisions

New England

24.5

24.6

27.9

29.0

29.5

29.4

29.3

1.4

3.4

1.2

1.9

0.3

1.9

Middle Atlantic

22.6

22.9

25.4

27.9

28.2

29.1

30.1

1.8

3.9

2.8

3.8

2.6

3.3

South Atlantic

18.6

18.8

23.5

25.8

26.7

27.5

28.0

1.6

8.1

2.9

1.4

2.9

5.1

E. North Central

20.4

21.1

25.4

27.5

28.6

29.6

30.1

2.7

6.5

2.8

1.4

3.2

4.8

E. South Central

13.6

15.2

19.2

22.2

23.1

24.3

25.3

7.9

9.1

4.2

4.8

4.6

8.5

W. North Central

18.8

19.2

25.3

28.0

28.7

29.3

30.1

2.1

9.8

2.8

1.3

2.4

6.0

W. South Central

14.3

15.0

19.6

22.1

23.2

24.7

26.1

6.1

9.5

3.8

6.8

6.0

8.2

Mountain

19.2

20.5

24.7

26.3

26.3

27.8

29.2

3.4

6.7

2.3

6.1

3.8

5.2

Pacific

21.5

21.9

25.0

25.7

26.7

26.5

26.5

1.1

4.5

1.3

1.2

1.0

2.3

 

SOURCE: American Hospital Association, Annual Surveys, 1983–1993, special tabulations.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.11 Number of Registered Nurse Full-Time-Equivalents (FTE) per 100 Adjusted Average Daily Census by Geographic Division for Selected Years, United States 1983–1993

 

Year

Average Annual Percent Change

 

1983

1984

1987

1990

1991

1992

1993

1983–1984

1984–1987

1987–1990

1992–1993

1990–1993

1983–1993

U.S. Total

80.82

85.06

97.82

99.65

102.48

103.81

105.55

5.2

4.8

0.6

1.7

1.9

2.6

Metropolitan

86.95

91.16

105.05

107.72

111.09

112.25

114.34

4.8

4.8

0.8

1.9

2.0

2.9

Nonmetropolitan

57.44

61.08

69.21

68.64

69.90

70.14

71.05

6.3

4.3

-0.3

1.3

1.2

2.2

Geographic divisions

New England

90.04

92.27

101.08

102.14

104.80

104.79

105.29

2.5

3.1

0.3

0.5

1.0

1.6

Middle Atlantic

78.51

80.68

89.78

89.22

91.11

91.91

93.93

2.8

3.6

-0.2

2.2

1.7

1.9

South Atlantic

79.12

83.57

99.57

103.61

105.30

107.05

108.35

5.6

6.0

1.3

1.2

1.5

3.3

E. North Central

81.83

87.27

102.27

104.06

107.75

110.27

111.02

6.6

5.4

0.6

0.7

2.2

3.2

E. South Central

64.14

71.29

86.06

89.81

92.52

95.28

97.95

11.1

6.5

1.4

2.8

2.9

4.5

W. North Central

73.42

76.20

89.06

90.10

90.92

91.53

91.23

3.8

5.3

0.4

-0.3

0.4

2.3

W. South Central

70.58

76.95

93.00

96.43

100.21

105.68

110.39

9.0

6.5

1.2

4.4

4.6

4.7

Mountain

90.56

95.44

108.84

107.89

113.81

113.13

116.31

5.4

4.5

-0.3

2.8

2.6

2.6

Pacific

105.82

108.61

115.02

118.51

123.39

120.99

123.55

2.6

1.9

1.0

2.1

1.4

1.6

 

SOURCE: American Hospital Association, Annual Surveys, 1983–1993, special tabulations.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.12 Number of Registered Nurse (RN) Basic Education Programs, Enrollments, and Graduations and Percent Change, United States, 1983–1993

 

Total RN Programs

Baccalaureate Programs

Associate Degree Programs

Diploma Programs

Academic Year

Number

Percent Change

Number

Percent Change

Number

Percent Change

Number

Percent Change

Programs

1983

1,466

421

764

281

1984

1,477

0.8

427

1.4

777

1.7

273

-2.8

1985

1,473

-0.2

441

3.3

776

-0.1

256

-6.2

1986

1,469

-0.3

455

3.2

776

0.0

238

-7.0

1987

1,465

-0.3

467

2.6

789

1.7

209

-12.2

1988

1,442

-1.6

479

2.6

792

0.3

171

-18.7

1989

1,457

1.0

488

1.9

812

2.5

157

-8.2

1990

1,470

0.9

489

0.2

829

2.1

152

-3.2

1991

1,484

1.0

501

2.4

838

1.1

145

-4.6

1992

1,484

0.0

501

0

848

1.2

135

-6.9

1993

1,493

0.6

507

1.2

857

1.1

129

-4.4

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

Enrollments

1982–83

250,553

98,941

109,605

42,007

1983–84

237,232

-5.3

95,008

-4.0

104,968

-4.2

37,256

-11.3

1984–85

217,955

-8.1

91,020

-4.2

96,756

-7.8

30,179

-19.0

1985–86

193,712

-11.1

81,602

-10.3

89,469

-7.5

22,641

-25.0

1986–87

182,947

-5.6

73,621

-9.8

90,399

1.0

18,927

-16.4

1987–88

184,924

1.1

70,078

-4.8

95,986

6.2

18,860

-0.4

1988–89

201,458

8.9

74,865

6.8

106,175

10.6

20,418

8.3

1989–90

221,170

9.8

81,788

9.2

117,413

10.6

21,969

7.6

1990–91

237,598

7.4

90,877

11.1

123,816

5.4

22,905

4.3

1991–92

257,983

8.6

102,128

12.4

132,603

7.1

23,252

1.5

1992–93

270,228

4.7

110,693

8.4

137,300

3.5

22,235

-4.4

Graduations

1982–83

77,408

23,855

41,849

11,704

1983–84

80,312

3.8

23,718

-0.6

44,394

6.1

12,200

4.2

1984–85

82,075

2.2

24,975

5.3

45,208

1.8

11,892

-2.5

1985–86

77,027

-6.2

25,170

0.8

41,333

-8.6

10,524

-11.5

1986–87

70,561

-8.4

23,761

-5.6

38,528

-6.8

8,272

-21.4

1987–88

64,839

-8.0

21,504

-9.5

37,397

-2.9

5,938

-28.2

1988–89

61,660

-4.9

18,997

-11.6

37,837

1.2

4,826

-18.7

1989–90

66,088

7.2

18,571

-2.2

42,318

11.8

5,199

7.7

1990–91

72,230

9.3

19,264

3.7

46,794

10.6

6,172

18.7

1991–92

80,839

11.9

21,415

11.2

52,896

13.0

6,528

5.8

1992–93

88,149

9.0

24,442

14.1

56,770

7.3

6,937

6.3

 

SOURCE: NLN Division of Research, 1994a, Tables 1, 17, and 26 in Section 3.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.13 Percent Distribution of Registered Nurse (RN) Basic Education Programs, Enrollments, and Graduations, United States, 1983–1993

Academic Year

Total RN Programs

Baccalaureate Programs (%)

Associate Degree Programs (%)

Diploma Programs (%)

Programs

1983

1,466

28.72

52.11

19.17

1984

1,477

28.91

52.61

18.48

1985

1,473

29.94

52.68

17.38

1986

1,469

30.97

52.83

16.20

1987

1,465

31.88

53.86

14.27

1988

1,442

33.22

54.92

11.86

1989

1,457

33.49

55.73

10.78

1990

1,470

33.27

56.39

10.34

1991

1,484

33.76

56.47

9.77

1992

1,484

33.76

57.14

9.10

1993

1,493

33.96

57.40

8.64

Enrollments

1982–1983

250,553

39.49

43.75

16.77

1983–1984

237,232

40.05

44.25

15.70

1984–1985

217,955

41.76

44.39

13.85

1985–1986

193,712

42.13

46.19

11.69

1986–1987

182,947

40.24

49.41

10.35

1987–1988

184,924

37.90

51.91

10.20

1988–1989

201,458

37.16

52.70

10.14

1989–1990

221,170

36.98

53.09

9.93

1990–1991

237,598

38.25

52.11

9.64

1991–1992

257,983

39.59

51.40

9.01

1992–1993

270,228

40.96

50.81

8.23

Graduations

1982–1983

77,408

30.82

54.06

15.12

1983–1984

80,312

29.53

55.28

15.19

1984–1985

82,075

30.43

55.08

14.49

1985–1986

77,027

32.68

53.66

13.66

1986–1987

70,561

33.67

54.60

11.72

1987–1988

64,839

33.17

57.68

9.16

1988–1989

61,660

30.81

61.36

7.83

1989–1990

66,088

28.10

64.03

7.87

1990–1991

72,230

26.67

64.78

8.54

1991–1992

80,839

26.49

65.43

8.08

1992–1993

88,149

27.73

64.40

7.87

 

SOURCE: NLN Division of Research, 1994a, tables 1, 17, and 26 in Section 3.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.14 Number of Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) Education Programs, Enrollments, and Graduations and Percent Change, United States, 1983–1993

 

Total LPN Programs

 

Academic Year

Number

Percent Change

Programs

1983

1,297

1984

1,254

-3.3

1985

1,165

-7.1

1986

1,087

-6.7

1987

1,068

-1.7

1988

1,095

0.4

1989

1,171

6.9

1990

1,154

-1.4

1991

1,125

-2.5

1992

1,154

2.6

1993

1,159

0.4

Enrollments

1982–1983

55,446

1983–1984

48,840

-11.9

1984–1985

39,345

-19.4

1985–1986

38,510

-2.1

1986–1987

40,035

4.0

1987–1988

42,808

6.9

1988–1989

46,720

9.1

1989–1990

52,749

12.9

1990–1991

56,762

7.1

1991–1992

59,095

4.1

1992–1993

61,007

3.2

Graduations

1982–1983

45,174

1983–1984

44,654

-2.5

1984–1985

36,955

-17.2

1985–1986

29,599

-19.9

1986–1987

27,285

-7.8

1987–1988

26,912

-1.4

1988–1989

30,368

12.8

1989–1990

35,417

16.6

1990–1991

38,100

7.0

1991–1992

41,951

10.1

1992–1993

44,822

6.8

 

SOURCE: NLN Division of Research, 1994b, tables 1, 13, and 17 in Section 3.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

TABLE 2.15 Employment in Selected Health Occupations, United States, 1983–1993

 

Year

Occupation

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

 

Number (in thousands)

Total, all occupations

92,586

96,748

99,651

101,552

104,184

Health occupations

4,711

4,798

4,920

5,069

5,186

Nursing occupations

Registered nurses

1,287

1,309

1,341

1,381

1,489

Licensed practical nurses

576

587

602

620

587

Nurse aides, orderlies, attendants

1,116

1,136

1,164

1,199

1,110

Dental occupations

Dental assistants

145

147

150

155

158

Dental hygienists

81

82

84

86

87

Dieticians

35

36

37

38

36

Therapists

Physical therapists

49

50

51

53

58

Recreational therapists

26

26

27

28

24

Respiratory therapists

53

53

54

56

53

Health technologists and technicians

Clinical laboratory technologists

227

231

236

243

237

Emergency medical technicians

61

62

64

66

73

Nuclear medicine technologists

9

9

9

10

10

Radiologic technologists

107

109

111

114

126

NOTE: Wage and salary workers only.

a Home health aides are classified as personal service rather than health workers. If they were included, the change would be 45.2 percent.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Industry-Occupation Matrix.

Suggested Citation:"2 Statistical Resources." Institute of Medicine. 1996. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5151.
×

Year

Percent Change 1983–1993

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

107,389

110,059

111,510

110,340

110,746

112,312

21.3

5,394

5,708

5,927

6,202

6,654

6,654

41.2a

1,551

1,635

1,700

1,756

1,820

1,887

46.6

613

610

635

629

654

679

17.8

1,151

1,194

1,234

1,227

1,279

1,324

18.6

165

168

174

175

182

188

29.7

90

92

96

104

108

112

38.3

38

40

42

44

46

47

34.3

61

69

72

75

78

81

65.3

25

27

28

25

26

27

3.8

56

57

60

70

73

75

41.5

246

244

254

257

267

276

21.6

76

86

89

111

114

117

91.8

10

10

10

12

12

13

44.4

131

141

147

155

161

167

56.1

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Hospitals and nursing homes are responding to changes in the health care system by modifying staffing levels and the mix of nursing personnel. But do these changes endanger the quality of patient care? Do nursing staff suffer increased rates of injury, illness, or stress because of changing workplace demands?

These questions are addressed in Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes, a thorough and authoritative look at today's health care system that also takes a long-term view of staffing needs for nursing as the nation moves into the next century. The committee draws fundamental conclusions about the evolving role of nurses in hospitals and nursing homes and presents recommendations about staffing decisions, nursing training, measurement of quality, reimbursement, and other areas. The volume also discusses work-related injuries, violence toward and abuse of nursing staffs, and stress among nursing personnel—and examines whether these problems are related to staffing levels. Included is a readable overview of the underlying trends in health care that have given rise to urgent questions about nurse staffing: population changes, budget pressures, and the introduction of new technologies. Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes provides a straightforward examination of complex and sensitive issues surround the role and value of nursing on our health care system.

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