NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

The Institute of Medicine was chartered in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to enlist distinguished members of the appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. In this, the Institute acts under both the Academy’s 1863 congressional charter responsibility to be an adviser to the federal government and its own initiative in identifying issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.

This project was funded by the Contraceptive Research and Development (CONRAD) Program, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health, the Rockefeller Foundation, and the United States Agency for International Development. USAID does not take responsibility for statements or views expressed in this report.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Contraceptive research and development : looking to the future / Polly F. Harrison and Allan Rosenfield, editors ; Committee on Contraceptive Research and Development, Division of Health Sciences Policy, Institute of Medicine

p. cm.

Based on two workshops held in 1994-1995.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

1. Contraception—Research—Congresses. 2. Contraception—Forecasting—Congresses. I. Harrison, Polly F. II. Rosenfield, A. (Allan) III. Institute of Medicine. Committee on Contraceptive Research and Development.

[DNLM: 1. Contraception—methods—congresses. 2. Contraceptive Devices—congresses. WP 630 C753 1996]

RG133.C66 1996

613.9′4—dc20

DNLM/DLC

for Library of Congress 96-26149

CIP

Cover: Ceramic plate. Robert Sperry, artist. This and other works by Mr. Sperry were shown at the National Academy of Sciences through Arts in the Academy, a public service program of the National Academy of Sciences.

The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatlichemuseen in Berlin.