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Committee to Evaluate the Science, Engineering, and Health Basis of the Department of Energy's Environmental Management Program
Synthesis Subcommittee
JOHN F. AHEARNE, Lecturer in Public Policy,
Duke University
ANDREW P. CAPUTO, Attorney,
Natural Resources Defense Council
EDWIN H. CLARK II, President,
Clean Sites, Inc.
DON CLAY, President,
Don Clay Associates, Inc.
DOUGLAS M. COSTLE, Chairman and Distinguished Fellow,
Institute for Sustainable Communities
JAMES R. CURTISS, Attorney,
Winston & Strawn
FRANK L. PARKER, Distinguished Professor of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering,
Vanderbilt University
VICTORIA J. TSCHINKEL, Senior Consultant on Environmental Issues,
Landers & Parsons
JOHN T. WHETTEN, Senior Applications Consultant,
Motorola
Staff
Paul Gilman, Project Director
Deborah Stine, Project Coordinator
Patrick Sevcik, Project Assistant
Subcommittee on the Evaluation of Regulatory Measures
DON CLAY (Chair), President,
Don Clay Associates, Inc.
ANDREW P. CAPUTO, Attorney,
Natural Resources Defense Council
JAMES R. CURTISS, Attorney,
Winston & Strawn
MARSHALL E. DRUMMOND, President,
Eastern Washington University
DANIEL S. MILLER, First Assistant Attorney General,
Colorado Department of Law
BERNARD J. REILLY, Corporate Council,
DuPont Legal
MARY RIVELAND, Director,
Washington State Department of Ecology
Staff
Ray Wassel, Senior Program Officer
Ruth Danoff, Project Assistant
Subcommittee on Priority-Setting, Timing, and Staging
EDWIN H. CLARK II (Chair), President,
Clean Sites, Inc.
HUGH J. CAMPBELL, JR., Environmental Manager,
DuPont
MARY R. ENGLISH, Associate Director,
Energy, Environment, and Resources Center, University of Tennessee
DONALD R. GIBSON, Department Manager,
Systems Analysis, TRW Environmental Safety Systems
ROBERT E. HAZEN, Chief,
Bureau of Risk Assessment, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
THOMAS LESCHINE, Associate Professor,
School of Marine Affairs, University of Washington
ROBERT H. NEILL, Director,
Environmental Evaluation Group, New Mexico
LYNNE M. PRESLO, Senior Vice President,
Technical Programs, Earth Tech
ANNE E. SMITH, Principal and Vice President,
Decision Focus, Inc.
MERVYN L. TANO, General Counsel,
Council of Energy Resource Tribes
Staff
Robert Andrews, Senior Program Officer
Patricia Jones, Project Assistant
Subcommittee on Utilization of Science, Engineering, and Technology
FRANK L. PARKER (Chair), Distinguished Professor of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering,
Vanderbilt University
JOHN F. AHEARNE, Lecturer in Public Policy,
Duke University
CHARLES B. ANDREWS, Vice President,
S.S. Papadopulos & Associates, Inc.
EDGAR BERKEY, President,
National Environmental Technology Applications Center, University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center
HAROLD K. FORSEN, Senior Vice President (retired),
Bechtel Hanford, Inc.
WALTER W. KOVALICK, Director,
Technology Innovation Office, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
MICHAEL L. MASTRACCI, Director,
Innovative Technology Programs, TECHMATICS, Inc.
PHILIP A. PALMER, Senior Environmental Fellow,
DuPont Specialty Chemicals, E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company
REBECCA T. PARKIN, Director of Scientific, Professional, and Section Affairs,
American Public Health Administration
ALFRED SCHNEIDER, Professor of Nuclear Engineering (retired),
Georgia Institute of Technology
CHRISTINE A. SHOEMAKER, Professor,
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University
C. HERB WARD, Foyt Family Chair of Engineering and Director,
Energy and Environmental Systems Institute, Rice University
JOHN T. WHETTEN, Senior Applications Consultant,
Motorola
RAYMOND G. WYMER, Consultant,
Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Staff
Stephen Parker, Associate Executive Director,
CGER
Karyanil Thomas, Senior Program Officer
Anita Hall, Administrative Assistant
Subcommittee on Integration of Science, Engineering, and Health in Program Implementation
VICTORIA J. TSCHINKEL (Chair), Senior Consultant on Environmental Issues,
Landers & Parsons
BETSY ANCKER-JOHNSON, Vice President of Environmental Activities (retired),
General Motors Corporation
PHILIP H. BRODSKY, Director,
Corporate Research and Environmental Technology, Monsanto Company
DAVID S.C. CHU, Director,
Washington Research Department, RAND
BENJAMIN COSGROVE, Senior Vice President (retired),
Boeing Commercial Airplane Group
BRIAN COSTNER, Director,
Energy Research Foundation
ROBERT C. FORNEY, Executive Vice President (retired),
E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company
JAMES H. JOHNSON, JR., Professor and Acting Dean,
School of Engineering, Howard University
MILDRED MCCLAIN, Executive Director,
Citizens for Environmental Justice
BERNICE K. MCINTYRE, President,
B.K.McIntyre & Associates, Inc.
MAXINE L. SAVITZ, General Manager,
Ceramic Components, Allied Signal Aerospace Company
Staff
Tamae Maeda Wong, Senior Program Officer
Helen Chin, Administrative Assistant
Oversight Commission for the Evaluation of the Science, Engineering, and Health Basis of the Department of Energy's Environmental Management Program
GEORGE M. HORNBERGER, Chairman and Professor,
Department of Environmental Science, University of Virginia
TREVOR O. JONES, Chairman of the Board,
Libby-Owens-Ford Company
DANIEL L. MCFADDEN, Professor,
Department of Economics, University of California at Berkeley
EMIL A. PFITZER, President,
Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc.
CHRIS G. WHIPPLE, Vice President,
ICF Kaiser
Staff
E. William Colglazier, Executive Officer
Preface
In a letter that I received on January 11, 1995, Thomas Grumbly, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management, requested the assistance of the Academy in addressing remedial-action and waste-management problems that his office and the nation are now facing as a result of 50 years of nuclear weapons development and testing (see Appendix A). These are problems that require a re-engineering of systems and a re-examination of the scientific, engineering, and institutional barriers to achieving cost-effective and safe stewardship of the nation's resources.
In response to this request, the National Research Council established the Committee to Evaluate the Science, Engineering, and Health Basis of the Department of Energy's Environmental Management Program. Four subcommittees were formed to address topics outlined in Mr. Grumbly 's request. The subcommittees were assigned the following topics:
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Evaluation of regulatory measures.
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Setting priorities, timing, and staging.
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Utilization of science, engineering, and technology.
-
Integration of science, engineering, and health in program implementation.
Subcommittee membership (see Appendix C) included a unique combination of those from the scientific and technological community and participants knowledgeable about the concerns of the various stakeholder groups that are involved in DOE 's environmental remediation process. The knowledge of these stakeholders included substantive expertise and site-specific experience with the process involved in DOE's environmental remediation program. These
individuals, having experience in state and federal agencies involved in monitoring DOE's cleanup operations, national and local citizen, environmental, and American Indian groups, and DOE's citizen taskforces, were able to provide a unique contribution as members of each subcommittee. Members of the subcommittees also included individuals who have addressed similar problems in industry and individuals with background in federal and state government management, including members of the National Academy of Public Administration.
In terms of process, each subcommittee held a workshop which offered an opportunity for public input, followed immediately by a meeting of the subcommittee to develop a brief report. Prior background readings, knowledge, and discussions resulting from the workshops provided the basis for the subcommittees' deliberations. The four subcommittee reports were submitted to a synthesis committee which included the chairs of each of the subcommittees and selected members to provide a spectrum of viewpoints. The subcommittees' complete reports, as well as that of the synthesis committee, follow. Though the memberships of the subcommittees were selected to provide different viewpoints and experience and each of the subcommittees deliberated separately, there was surprising consensus among the reports of the four subcommittees. Beyond the synthesis committee report, no attempt was made to conform the results of the four separate subcommittee deliberations. The reader should look to the individual reports for further detail and for additional recommendations and observations.
Although these reports represent the work of each of the committees, they benefited greatly from the support of the National Research Council staff, specifically, Paul Gilman, who helped refine all the reports, and Deborah Stine, who coordinated the various project activities for the overall report. Each subcommittee was also helped by its staff, Ray Wassel for Regulatory Measures, Tamae Wong for Integration, Stephen Parker and Karyanil Thomas for Utilization, and Robert Andrews for Priority-Setting. In addition, Patrick Sevcik, Helen Chin, Ruth Danoff, and Patricia Jones provided invaluable support.
The National Research Council also acknowledges with appreciation presentations made at the workshops by the persons listed in Appendix D.
BRUCE ALBERTS
President, National Academy of Sciences
Chairman, National Research Council