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Hepatocellular carcinoma
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Hepatitis B virus
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Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
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Human immunodeficiency virus, types 1 and 2
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Genital ulceration
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Herpes simplex virus, T. palladium, Haemophilus ducreyi, Calymmatobacterium granulomatis, C. trachomatis (LGV strains)
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Acute arthritis with urogenital or intestinal infection
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N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis, Shigella spp, Campylobacter spp
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Genital warts
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Human papillomavirus
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Molluscum contagiosum
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Molluscum contagiosum virus
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Ectoparasite infestations
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Sarcoptes scabiei, Phthirus pubis
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Heterophil-negative mononucleosis
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Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus (some evidence for sexual transmission)
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Tropical spastic paraparesis
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Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus, type I
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IN NEONATES AND INFANTS
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TORCHES syndromea
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Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, T. pallidum
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Conjunctivitis
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C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae
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Pneumonia
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C. trachomatis, U. urealyticum (?)
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Otitis media
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C. trachomatis
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Sepsis, meningitis
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Group B streptococcus
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Cognitive impairment, deafness
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Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, T. pallidum
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NOTE: For each of the above syndromes, some cases cannot yet be ascribed to any cause and must currently be considered idiopathic. An ''?" indicates a possible associated syndrome.
a TORCHES is an acronym for toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes, and syphilis. The syndrome consists of various combinations of encephalitis, hepatitis, dermatitis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
SOURCES: Cates W Jr., Holmes KK. Sexually transmitted diseases. In: Last JM, Wallace RB, eds. Maxcy-Rosenau-Last public health and preventive medicine. 13th ed. Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange, 1992:99-114; 121-3. Holmes KK, Handsfield HH. Sexually transmitted diseases. In: Isselbacher KJ, Braunwald E, Wilson JD, Martin JB, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, eds. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 13th ed. New York: McGraw Hill, 1994:534-43.
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