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The Hidden Epidemic: Confronting Sexually Transmitted Diseases (1997)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

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. "THE NEGLECTED HEALTH AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OF STDs." The Hidden Epidemic: Confronting Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1997.

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Table 2-3 Major Sequelae of STDs

Health Consequence

Women

Men

Infants

Cancers

Cervical cancer

Vulva cancer

Vaginal cancer

Anal cancer

Liver cancer

T-cell leukemia

Kaposi's sarcoma

Body cavity lymphoma

Penile cancer

Anal cancer

Liver cancer

T-cell leukemia

Kaposi's sarcoma

Body cavity lymphoma

 

Reproductive health problems

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Infertility

Ectopic pregnancy

Spontaneous abortion

Epididymitis

Prostatitis

Infertility

 

Pregnancy-related problems

Preterm delivery

Premature rupture of membranes

Puerperal sepsis

Postpartum infection

 

Stillbirth

Low birth weight

Conjunctivitis

Pneumonia

Neonatal sepsis

Acute hepatitis

Neurologic damage

Congenital abnormalities

Neurologic problems

HTLV-associated myelopathy (paralysis)

Neurosyphilis

HTLV-associated myelopathy (paralysis)

Neurosyphilis

Cytomegalovirus-, herpessimplex- virus-, and syphilis-associated neurologic problems;

Group B strep meningitis

Other common health consequences

Chronic liver disease

Cirrhosis

Chronic liver disease

Cirrhosis

Chronic liver disease

Cirrhosis

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