Features:

Moderately dispersed profile with low infant and early child mortality, average mortality at ages 5-49, and moderately high mortality at ages 55+. Deviations from average Russia are fairly small. Substantial negative contributions result in high mortality from cardiovascular disease and neoplasm at old ages. Positive contributions result in low mortality from injuries at ages 1-49. which are persistent but minor.

Regions:

All regions

Features:

Highly dispersed profile with low mortality from all causes of death at ages 054, especially from neoplasm at ages 30-49. High mortality at ages 55+ caused by extremely high mortality from cardiovascular disease.

Regions:

Northern, Far Eastern

Features:

Highly dispersed profile with high mortality at ages 1-44, very low mortality at ages 45+. Low neonatal mortality and high infectious, respiratory disease, and injury mortality in infancy and early childhood. Heavy mortality from injuries at ages 0-54, peaking sharply at ages 1-4 and 15-19. Early increased risk of cardiovascular disease at ages 35-54, low mortality from neoplasm at ages 35+, and low cardiovascular mortality at ages 60+. Mortality from respiratory disease is high at young ages and moderately high among the elderly.

Regions:

All regions

Features:

Dispersed irregular profile with pronounced deviations from the average at young and old ages. From the point of view of cause-of-death structure, this cluster is typically rural (except for moderately low mortality from injuries at ages 15+). Very high infant mortality from infectious disease and high respiratory disease mortality ages 0-4. Cardiovascular mortality is relatively high at ages 45-64 and relatively low at 65+. Low mortality from neoplasms.

Regions:

North Caucasus (5 of 6 autonomous republics), Volga (Kalmykia is a neighbour of North Caucasus), Central (1)

Regions:

Far East (5 of 12), Eastern Siberia (3 of 12), Northern (2 of 10), North Caucasus (2 of 14),