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ALEXANDER CRAWFORD MONTEITH
1902-1979
BY EDWIN L. HARDER
ALEXANDER C MONTEITH retired Senior Vice-President of the
Westinghouse Electric Corporation, and for more than forty years
an outstanding leader in the development of electric power systems,
died at his home in Orleans, Massachusetts, on September 17, 1979.
"Monty" had been retired since 1967, following a brilliant career of
outstanding achievements in engineering, technical education, and
corporate management.
Everyone who knew him will agree that Alexander C. Monteith
was a superb and gifted leader of men. The engineering profession
particularly can be proud of his achievements and thankful for his
example. His father, of Scotch-English heritage, was a lumber
"boss" in the woods of Canada, and Monty Monteith came natu-
rally by the sterling qualities of personal leadership. He accepted the
responsibility. He had both the self-confidence and the unusual tech-
nical talents to provide much-needed leadership in the early develop-
ment of electric power systems. He inspired confidence in others by
his strong personality, his infectious enthusiasm, and his wise and
steady course.
Mr. Monteith's judgment and advice were eagerly sought after
and followed in an ever-increasing sector of the industry and of
society with which he came in contact. He progressed from Central
Station Engineer to Senior Vice-President of Westinghouse, to Presi-
dent of his primary professional society, now the Institute of Electri-
cal and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and to President of the
National Electrical Manufacturers Association.
211
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212
MEMORIAL TRIBUTES
Gifted with an excellent memory, Monty Monteith never had to
make decisions twice. The people that worked for him, or with him,
could be sure that his direction and policies would be the same at the
next encounter. This made him an ideal superior and a trusted co-
worker. The engineers working under him were well aware of his
keen interest in their progress. One of the younger engineers, upon
receiving a professional award, wrote regarding his own success, "It
requires superiors who have the understanding to support efforts
into untried fields, and who can find ways to provide encouragement
along the way. It requires leaders who encourage the professional
advancement of their engineers, help with their education, and lead
the way in their professional activities." He was referring specifically
to A. C. Monteith.
Born in Brucefield, Ontario, Canada, on April 10, 1902, Mr.
Monteith received his formal education in electrical engineering at
Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, where his natural engineer-
ing talents won him the Governor General's Medal for highest
grades. He was also elected to both engineering and electrical honor
societies, Tau Beta Pi and Eta Kappa Nu.
Queens University was later to bestow on him a Doctor of Laws
degree, one of many recognitions of his outstanding contributions to
engineering and to society. In the course of his career he received the
Westinghouse Order of Merit; the Washington Award, given by six
engineering societies combined, for major engineering accomplish-
ments contributing to the well-being of society; the Edison Medal,
top career award in electrical engineering; the American Society for
Testing and Materials Award to Executives; he was an Honorary
Member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
and a Fellow of the IEEE; and he received honorary degrees from
Drexel Institute of Technology, Lafayette College, and Carnegie-
Mellon University. He was elected to the National Academy of
Engineering in 1965, the year after its founding.
After joining the Westinghouse Central Station Engineering
group in 1924, Mr. Monteith became an expert in power station
auxiliaries and in power transmission and distribution, an activity
that culminated in the preparation of the Transmission and Distribution
Reference Book in 1942 by fourteen authors under his direction and
.
.
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ALEXANDER CRAWFORD MONTEITH 213
coauthorship. Periodically revised since that time, the book is still, in
1980, the most authoritative reference book covering the entire elec-
trical system. It is widely used by college students and practicing
engineers throughout the world.
The "direct stroke theory" of lightning protection of transmission
lines, originally set forth by C. L. Fortescue, a famous Westinghouse
engineer, was brought to practical use by Mr. Monteith. His paper,
"Lightning Protection of Transmission Lines," later became the
"Transmission Line Design" chapter of the Transmission arid D~strzbu-
tion Reference Book and evolved into the accepted industry method for
designing transmission lines to withstand lightning.
Under Mr. Monteith's direction, Westinghouse was the principal
manufacturing participant in the "Tidd" field experimental study,
with American Gas and Electric and others, that provided the fund-
amental basis for 345-kilovolt transmission. Following this, the
Apple Grove Project, with the same major participants, including
Mr. Monteith's active participation, provided the fundamental basis
for 500-kilovolt and 765-kilovolt transmission.
After World War II, when thoughts were turning to use of the
atom for power production, A. C. Monteith was a key adviser in the
Westinghouse entry into this field, first with the nuclear-powered
submarine development and later with the development of atomic
power stations for electric utilities. From these beginnings came the
power plant for the Nautilus, the world's first atomic-powered sub-
marine; Shippingport, the first U.S. electric utility atomic power
plant; Yankee, the first economically viable power station using the
pressurized-water reactor; and all their progeny.
As Vice-President of Engineering and Research in 1948, Mr.
Monteith was instrumental in forming the initial Westinghouse
organization for nuclear development. Later, as Vice-President of
the Electric Utility and Marine Divisions, he actively directed the
Westinghouse development and manufacture of nuclear power sys-
tems for electric utilities.
Always strongly interested in the education of young engineers,
Mr. Monteith became Director of Education for Westinghouse in
1945, in addition to managing the Headquarters Engineering
Department of the company. His contributions were immediate and
.
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214
MEMORIAL TRIBUTES
effective. The Education Center for graduate students was planned
and built under his direction. He also headed the Westinghouse
Educational Foundation, which sponsors a broad range of scholar-
ships, fellowships, professorships, and many other education pro-
grams, including the Westinghouse Science Talent Search.
Arrangements for graduate study were made for all employees at
. . .
near ay universities.
Later he spearheaded the industrywide report, The First Five Years
of Professional Development, a program for the professional develop-
ment of all young engineers, which has been widely used. His later
articles on the human relations of management, industry, and engi-
neers again stressed the need for maximum development of potential
in young professional people, an endeavor that marked his whole
career with outstanding success.
Mr. Monteith's remarkable leadership qualities were recognized
both inside and outside the Westinghouse Company. He became, in
turn, Manager of Central Station Engineering; Manager of Indus-
try Engineering, the application engineering for all industries; and
then Manager of Headquarters Engineering. This included all of the
centralized engineering operations of the company, dealing with the
full range of products and services, both domestically and with for-
eign licensees. This was the start of an extensive acquaintance with
prominent engineers and executives in electrical utilities and electri-
cal manufacturing throughout the world, a rapport that grew with
his later business and professional society activities. He was held in
the highest esteem in these associations.
In 1948 he was elected Vice-President of Engineering and
Research of Westinghouse and made very substantial contributions
in these areas of vital importance. Research was strengthened and
the present Westinghouse Research and Development Center was
planned and the central core of it built during this period.
In 1955 he was made Vice-President and General Manager of the
Apparatus Division, including the heavy apparatuses for electrical
utilities and industries as well as aviation gas turbines. In this capac-
ity he directed a large part of the Westinghouse operations. With a
reorganization of the company he became Manager of the Electric
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ALEXANDER CRAWFORD MONTEITH 215
Utility and Marine Group from 1962 until 1963, then Senior Vice-
President until his retirement in 1967.
Mr. Monteith was usually found in the leading role in the many
professional society activities in which he was engaged. In the IEEE
he was Chairman of the Pittsburgh Section and of several of the
national committees, and in 1954-1955 he was President of the
institute. In the mechanical society, ASME, his contributions were
recognized by the highest award, Honorary Member. He headed
standards committees and was a leader in the Engineers' Council for
Professional Development. He was an active member of the Engi-
neers' Joint Council and of CIGRE, the international professional
organization dealing with large electrical systems.
Throughout his busy career, Monty Monteith was ably supported
by his charming and gracious wife, Evelyn. His two sons and his
daughter, of whom he was justifiably proud, inherited his spirit of
self-reliance and goodwill. One of his sons confided, "He was really
something." After Evelyn's death, Mr. Monteith was happily mar-
ried to Paula, who shared his busy retirement activities.
Monty Monteith shares, in large measure, credit for the splendid
electrical systems of today, the wonderful heritage of professional
cooperation, and the excellent development opportunities for young
engineers. His career was one of the finest examples of service to
one's profession and to society. But despite all of the justly deserved
honors that came his way, he was never adversely affected by them.
To spend any time with him was an exhilarating experience. He
never lost his ability to enjoy life to the fullest, and he was infectious
in this characteristic. As Shakespeare wrote in Hamlet, "He was a
man, take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again."
Representative terms from entire chapter:
alexander crawford
