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MARSTO N TAYLO R B O GERT
A pril 1 8,1 868-March 21,1954
BY LOUIS P
HAM M ETT
MARSTON TAYLOR BOGERT was born in Flushing, N ew York,
on April 18, 1868, and died in New York City on March
21, 1954. His long and intensely active professional life was
connected intimately and continuously with Columbia Univer-
sity, with the development of organized activity in chemistry
in the United States, and with the fostering of international co-
. . .
Operatlon In science.
Bogert entered Columbia College in 1886, having graduated
from the Flushing Institute, a well-known private school. His
undergraduate record was remarkable. It included the grade of
A in every course; the award of honors in German, Spanish,
Italian, botany, and geology; the captainship of a famous fresh-
man crew; the college championship in tennis; honors in foot-
ball, shot-putting, and pole vaulting; membership as a flute
player in the college orchestra; and the presidency of his class
in the sophomore and in the senior years.
After Bogert was graduated with the degree of A.B. in 1890
he entered the new Columbia School of Mines in the course of
analytical and applied chemistry. His academic record con-
tinued to be distinguished, and he obtained the degree of Ph.B.
in 1894. When, during this curriculum, it became time for
him and seven or eight classmates to take a course in organic
chemistry, C. E. Colby, who had taught the course as adjunct
97
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98 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
professor, became ill, and the school was unable to find a re-
placement. Consequently, the students were told to teach them-
selves, and Bogert, who during his career published several
hundred scientific papers in organic chemistry, never had any
formal instruction in the subject. Neither did he follow the
fashion of a trip abroad for a German doctorate. Instead he
accepted an appointment to give instruction in organic chem-
istry at Columbia and advanced there through various grades,
attaining the full professorship in 1904. He continued in that
position with the title of Professor of Organic Chemistry until
he retired in 1939 as Emeritus Professor of Organic Chemistry
in Residence.
Bogert arrived at Columbia at a time when, under the
leadership of Burgess and of Butler, a small college was in the
early stages of an expansion that led to a great university, and
his abilities found their opportunity in that expansion. The
graduate faculty of pure science had been established in 1892,
and Bogert's first research publication, "A New Synthesis in the
Quinazoline Group" (with A. H. Gotthelf), appeared in the
Journal of the American Chemical Society in March of 1900.
.From then on, brilliant young men flocked to his laboratory to
be trained for careers in research and went forth to assume
positions of importance in academic life and in the rapidly ex-
panding chemical industry. It is a revealing comment on the
times and the place that, while Bogert remained firm in his
attachment to synthetic organic chemistry, many of his students
refused to be typecast by their doctorates in that field: H. T.
Beans became a pioneer in the revolution in instruction in
analytical chemistry; I. M. Nelson initiated important advances
in what later came to be called physical organic chemistry and
in biological chemistry; M. Heidelberger became one of the
world's great microbiologists; F. D. Snell founded one of this
country's leading chemical consulting firms; G. Scatchard be-
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MARSTON TAYLOR BOGERT
99
came a distinguished physical chemist. These men were self-
taught in their fields as Bogert had been in his.
Bogert was a polished lecturer, and his teaching evidenced
clearly his lifelong love affair with the intricacies of structural
organic chemistry. For Columbia University he carried the
usual burdens of membership on committees, and he served on
the University Council in 1908-1911 and 1916-1919. He was
a charter member of the Columbia chapters of Sigma Xi and of
Phi Lambda Upsilon. Columbia recognized his accomplish-
ments and his services to the university by an honorary Sc.D.
degree in 1929, by the Egleston Medal in 1939, and by the
Charles Frederick Cha'ndler Medal in 1949. He had received an
honorary LL.D. degree from Clark University in 1909.
Bogert's professional career accompanied a phenomenal
growth in chemistry in the United States, and he was an active
participant in the parallel development of professional organiza-
tions. The American Chemical Society, which now numbers
more than 100,000 members, had about one percent of that
membership in the mid-nineties when Bogert began to take
an active part in its affairs. In 1901 he was chairman of the New
York section, and in 1907 and 1908 he was president of the
national Society. In the latter position he introduced an or-
ganizational reform that established divisions of the Society,
each representing a major portion of the field of chemical science
and technology. This averted a threatened schism that would
have set up separate societies for applied and for pure chemists.
He was awarded the Nichols Medal of the New York section in
1905 and the Priestley Medal of the national Society in 1938.
Bogert was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in
1916. He led in the establishment of the Division of Chemistry
and Chemical Technology of the National Research Council in
1917 and was its first chairman. In 1898 he became one of one
hundred fifty-four charter members of the Chemists' Club of New
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100 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
York, which has played an important role in the chemical life of
metropolitan New York. The dining room of the club where
Bogert presided at so many dinner meetings over the years has
been named the Bogert Room in his honor. He was a member
of the American Philosophical Society, the American Academy
of Arts and Sciences, the Washington Academy of Sciences, the
National Institute of Social Sciences, the American Association
for the Advancement of Science, and the American Association
of University Professors. He was a Fellow of the Chemical
Society (London) and a Gold Medalist of the American Institute
of Chemists; a member of Phi Beta Kappa, of Sigma Xi, and of
Phi Lambda Upsilon; and a member of the Century Association,
the Cosmos Club, the Royal Societies Club (London), the
Hunters' Fraternity of America, and the Chevy Chase Club.
During the First World War Bogert served as a consultant to
many government agencies and as a member of numerous boards
and committees. He was commissioned lieutenant colonel in
the U.S. Army in March 1918 and promoted to colonel in the
Chemical Warfare Service in July of that year. He was honor-
ably discharged from the army in May 1919. For the rest of
his life his friends referred to him as Colonel, a form of address
that he much enjoyed.
From 1900 on, Bogert had been active in the New York
section of the British Society of Chemical Industry, and in
1912-1913 he was president of the parent Society. He also lent
his support to the New York section of the French Societe de
Chimie Industrielle. In 1927 he was appointed to give lectures
at the Charles University in Prague as the first Carnegie Pro-
fessor of International Relations. While in Czechoslovakia, he
was awarded honorary degrees by the Charles University and
by the University of Bratislava and was made a Commander of
the Order of the White Lion of Czechoslovakia. Following his
participation over many years in international conferences on
chemistry, he was elected president of the International Union
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MARSTON TAYLOR BOGERT
101
of Pure and Applied Chemistry in 1938. His devotion and tact
were in large measure responsible for the successful re-establish-
ment of that Union after the Second World War, and he him-
self felt that that was one of his most valuable accomplishments.
The first Bogert to come to this country arrived from Hol-
land in 1663, the year before the British took New Amsterdam
from the Dutch. Many of his descendants were prominent
citizens of New York, and Marston's father, Henry Augustine
Bogert, was a well-known lawyer in that city. He was also a
graduate of Columbia College, as were Marston's three brothers.
In 1893 Mars ton married Charlotte E. Hoogland. They had
two daughters, Annette H. and Elsie B. The Bogerts's homes
in New York City and at Belgrade Lakes, Maine, were happy
and friendly ones. Bogert was an active participant in the
affairs of the Reformed church.
Bogert was distinguished in appearance, striking in per-
sonality, and gifted with wit and eloquence. He was the perfect
presiding officer at all public occasions and was constantly in
demand for that function.
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102
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS
Am Perfum. Essent. Oil Rev. American Perfumer and Essential Oil Re-
vlew
Chem. Eng. News Chemical Engineering News
Chem. Listy—Chemike Listy
Chem. Rev. _ Chemical Reviews
Columbia Univ. Q. Columbia University Quarterly
Columbia Univ. Sch. Mines Q. _ Columbia University School of Mines
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Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical
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Color Trade l. - Color Trade Journal
Drug Cosmetic Ind. - Drug and Cosmetic Industry
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BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
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MARSTON TAYLOR BOGERT
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39: also in Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Chemie, 19:2141-42 and
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With I. D. Wiggin and i. E. Sinclair. Quinazolines. XVII. Syn-
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-
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Synthesis of 6- and 7-amino-2-methyl~-quinazolones from
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Twenty-five years' progress in aromatic chemicals. Am. Perfum.
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MARSTON TAYLOR BOGERT
1932
Charles Frederick Chandler, 1836-1925. In: National Academy of
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perfume and cosmetic industry.
10:25.
Some technical problems of the
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Charles Lathrop Parsons. Ind. Eng. Chem., 24:362-63.
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A layman watches pharmacy's re-awakening.
Of Pharmacy, 9: 179-82.
New York Journal
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With H. G. Husted. Thiazoles. XVIII. Synthesis of 2-phenyl-
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Structure of vitamin A and the synthesis of ionenes. Science, 76:
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BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
1933
The mechanism of the ionene synthesis. Science, 77:197-98.
Process for the synthesis of phenanthrene and of phenanthrene de-
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Synthesis of acenaphthene-peri-metathiazines
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With S. .T- Marion. Chemical examination of the volatile oil of
Sarothra gentianoides L. and the detection therein of normal
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1934
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bons by the cyclodehydration of aromatic alcohols. I. Indanes.
I. Am. Chem. Soc., 56:185-90.
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Am. Chem. Soc., 56:248.
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and the constitution of Irene. Science, 79:280.
Recent contributions to our knowledge of the chemistry of vitamin
A. J. Chem. Educ., 11: 203-7.
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With T. Hasselstrom. Investigations in the retene field. III. Some
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119
new nitroretenols, nitrofluorenones and related compounds. l.
Am. Chem. Soc., 56: 983-85.
MARSTON TAYLOR BOGERT
Poison ivy. Drug Cosmet. Ind., 34:507.
New Charabot process for floral oils. Am. Perfum. Essent. Oil Rev..
29:124.
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and nitrobenzaldehydes. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 56:2442~9.
With D. Price and A. Dingwall. Influence of chemical constitution
upon visible color and other tinctorial properties in the case of
certain structurally related methoxychalcones and methoxy-
benzalcoumaranones. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 56:2483-87.
1935
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polynuclear hydrocarbons by the cyclodehydration of aromatic
alcohols. III. The cyclization of some phenylated alcohols and
related olefins. i. Am. Chem. Soc., 57:151-59.
With E. B. Marr. Quinazolines. XXXIX. Synthesis of quinazoline
derivatives structurally analogous to the angostura alkaloids
galiopine and galipine. i. Am. Chem. Soc., 57:729-32.
With E. B. Marr. Quinazolines. XL. Synthesis of a quinazoline
derivative structurally related to papaverine. l. Am. Chem. Soc.,
57: 1329-30.
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and hydrochloric acid. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 7:
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BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
With T. Hasselstrom. Investigations in the retene field. IV. The
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compounds. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 57: 1579-81.
With T. Hasselstrom. Certain sapinic acids obtained from various
species of pine and spruce. I. Am. Chem. Soc., 57:2118-21.
With V. [. Mikeska. Synthesis of certain phenylated benzoxazoles
and derivatives. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 57:2121-24.
With V. i. Mikeska.
fain benzoxazole dyes.
Preparation and tinctorial properties of cer-
. Am. Chem. Soc., 57:2513-17.
1936
With S. E. Cairncross. Quinazolines.
~ , . ~ . . .
XLII. Synthesis of certain
new 3,3-ct~nyctroqu~nazo~ne derivatives from p-aminobenzoic
acid, formaldehyde and hydrochloric acid. Collect. Czech.
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Chem. Soc., 58: 650-53.
With D. E. Adelson. Investigations in the retene field. V. The
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With E. A. Robinson. Synthesis of substituted 5,6-benzocinchoninic
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Connection between odor and constitution in the benzothiazole
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With D. E. Adelson and T. Hasselstrom. Investigations in the
retene field. VI. Retenediphenic acid and some of its deriva-
tives. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 58:871-73.
The onward march of synthetic organic chemistry. Chemist, 13:
535-49.
A spirane by-product in the phenanthrene synthesis. Science, 84:
44.
With D. Papa. Quinazolines. XLIII. Synthesis of a quinazoline
derivative structurally analogous to cusparine. i. Am. Chem.
Soc., 58:1701-3.
With V..~. Mikeska and N. T. Farinacci. Allotropic forms of di-
phenylsulfone and the determination of their transition point.
i. Am. Chem. Soc., 58:1869-71.
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MARSTON TAYLOR BOGERT
121
With R. M. Orcutt. Synthesis of 1,1-dimethyl-6,7-methylenedi-
oxytetralin. I. Am. Chem. Soc., 58:2055-56.
With R. M. Orcutt. Synthesis of 1,1,2-trimethyl-5,6-methylenedi-
oxyindane from safrole. I. Am. Chem. Soc., 58: 2057-59.
With l. G. Hildebrand. An efficient expansible mechanical stirrer
and its use in organic syntheses. Collect. Czech. Chem. Com-
mun., 8:391-95.
With H. v. B. joy. Thiazines. III. Synthesis of cyanine dyes of the
peri-naphthometathiazine series. l. Org. Chem., 1 :236~4.
With D. Perlman and D. Davidson. Synthesis of phenanthrenes
from hydroxyl derivatives of beta-phenylethylcyclohexanes and
the nature of the by-product. l. Org. Chem., 1:288-99.
With D. Perlman and D. Davidson. Synthesis and properties of
certain spiranes from phenylpropylcyclanols. l. Org. Chem.,
300-304.
With D. E. Adelson. Retene field. VII. Certain fluorenones and
phenanthridones from retenediphenic acid. l. Am. Chem. Soc.,
58:2236-39.
The research chemist, mankind's devoted and indispensable servant.
Science, 84:425-30.
1937
With D. E. Adelson. Retene field. VIII. Synthesis of 3'-methyl-
5,6-cyclopentenoretene. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 59:399-401.
With R. B. Akin. Synthesis of 1,4-dimethyl-6,7-methylene di-
oxyphenanthrene and of certain substituted 9,10-dimethyl-
1,2,b,6-dibenzanthracenes.
I. Am. Chem. Soc., 59:1564-67.
With R. B. Akin and G. S. Stamatoff. Synthesis of 1,4-dimethyl-
phenanthrene by the Pschorr reaction and the nonidentity of
the product with the 1,4-dimethylphenanthrene of Bardhan and
Sengupta. I. Am. Chem. Soc., 59: 1268-72.
With D. Perlman. Dehydration of beta-phenylethyl-3-methylcyclo-
hexan-l-ol. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 59:2534-36.
With G. W. Pope. The constitution of the methylionones. I. Org.
Chem., 2:276-87.
1938
Carotenoids: the polyene pigments of plants and animals.
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BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
by H. Oilman, vol. II, pp. 1138-1220. New York, John Wiley
& Sons, Inc.
Chandler Centenary: introductory address.
118-20.
With D. Papa and D. Perlman. Synthesis of 1,4-dimethylphenan-
threne by cyclodehydration methods. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 60:
319-21.
With E. C. Sterling.
Ind. Eng. Chem., 30:
An approach to the synthesis of fichtelite.
Science, 87: 196, 234.
With P. M. Apfelbaum. Synthesis of 1,1,2,6-tetramethyltetralin
and the constitution of Irene. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 60:930-33.
With D. Price and D. Davidson. Synthesis of condensed polynuclear
hydrocarbons by the cyclodehydration of aromatic alcohols. VII.
Cyclodehydration involving the Wagner rearrangement. I.
Org. Chem., 2:540-45.
The chemist as defender of his fatherland. Science, 88:19-21.
From the cradle to the grave. (Priestly Medal address) Ind. Eng.
Chem. (News Ed.), 16:553-61.
With R. M. Orcutt. Application of cyclodebydration reactions to
some safrole derivatives. Roczniki Chemii, 18:732-38.
It chimico difensore delta patria. Atti del X Congresso Interna-
zionale di Chemica, 1: 307-12.
1939
With I. Werner. Synthesis from thujaketone of some new hydro-
terpenoids. i. Org. Chem., 3:578-87.
With D. E. Adelson. Chemistry of retene. Chem. Rev., 24:135-76.
With E. C. Sterling. Synthesis of 12-methylperhydroretene (abie-
tane) and its non-identity with fichtelite. J. Org. Chem., 4:20-
29.
With C. A. Fetscher. Quinazolines. XLIV. Synthesis of some new
quinazoline derivatives of veratrole akin to alkaloids. I. Org.
Chem., 4:71-88.
With M. Levitz and D. Perlman. Products of the cyclizing dehydra-
tion of 1-beta-phenylethylcyclohexanol-1 and the synthesis of
spirocyclohexane-l,l-indanone-3. Science, 90: 114-15.
With H. H. Fox. Thiazoles. XXIII. Synthesis of certain benzo-
thiazoles structurally related to quinoline antimalarials. J. Am.
Chem. Soc., 61:2013-17.
With J. T. Cassaday. Synthesis of 1,4-dimethyl-6,7-dihydroxy-
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MARSTON TAYLOR BOGERT
123
phenanthrene from para-xylylacetic acid and 6-nitroveratralde-
hyde by the Pschorr reaction. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 61:2461-63.
With i. T. Cassaday. Synthesis of some new 1,4-dimethylphenan-
threnes structurally related to morphol. l. Am. Chem. Soc.,
61 :3055-57.
With I. T. Cassaday. Application of the Pschorr reaction to alpha-
(para-xylylene)-2,5-di-~6'-aminodimethylcaffeic acid). Synthesis
of 9,10-dimethyl-2',3',6',7'-tetramethoxy- 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthra-
cene. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 61:3058-61.
With R. M. Orcutt. Synthesis of 2-methylphenanthrene from 1-
methone. l. Org. Chem., 4:543-47.
International Union of Chemistry. Ind. Eng. Chem. (News Ed.),
17:710; also in Science, 90:491-92.
1940
With L. T. Coggeshall, L. H. Cretcher, L. F. Small, and T. H. Soll-
mann. The National Research Council Committee on Chemo-
therapy Origin and Subjects. News Ed. (Am. Chem. Soc.), 18:
657-58.
With E. I. Mills, fir. Synthesis of some new pyrimidines and uric
acids from cystamine. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 62:1173-80.
1941
With D. D. \Iossman. Bergamot Oil. American Pharmaceutical
Association Monograph No. 2, 122 pp.
With R. M. Orcutt. Scianthrene and the synthesis of 1-isopropyl-
7-methylphenanthrene. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 63:127-31.
With S. A. Cassaday. Retene field. XI. Synthesis of retopyridines
(naphthoquinolines) from 3-aminoretene. J. Am. Chem. Soc.,
63:703-8.
With S. A. Cassaday. Retene field. XII. Synthesis of 10-phenan-
thrt2,3-b~azepine derivatives by the Beckmann rearrangement of
a tetrahydrobenzoretene ketoxime. I. Am. Chem. Soc., 1452-~.
With A. A. Plentl. Synthesis of tricyclic hydrocarbons related to
stilbestrol. I. Am. Chem. Soc., 63:989-95.
With A. A. Plentl. Optical isomers of cis-9-methyl-l~ecalone.
J. Org. Chem., 6:669-83.
With O. N. Jitkow. Relationship between structure and odor in the
case of certain derivatives of 2,2,4-trimethyl-~3-cyclohexenealde-
hyde. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 63:1979-84.
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BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
With A. N. Nathan. Synthesis of pyrimidine and purine deriva-
tives of cystamine and a new type of thiazolidenopyrimidine. J.
Am. Chem. Soc., 63:2361-66.
With H. H. Fox. Thiazoles. XXIV. Some interesting exchange
reactions between 6-alkoxy-7-nitrobenzothiazoles and alcohols.
I. Am. Chem. Soc., 63:2996-99.
.
1942
Harry Linn Fisher: career and accomplishments. Chemist, 19:19-
27.
With M. Levitz. Dehydrogenation. II. Spirocyclopentane-1,1'-
tetralin. I. Am. Chem. Soc., 64:1719-20.
With E. l. Masters. Thiazoles. XXV. Some new thiazolidinopyri-
midines of barbituric acid type. I. Am. Chem. Soc., 64:2709-12.
The influence of Egloff on the progress of American chemistry.
Chemist, 19: 270-74.
With E. I. Masters. Thiazoles. XXVI. Some acyl derivatives of
2-aminothiazole. I. Am. Chem. Soc., 64:2712-13.
1943
With F. Linsker. Amidino arsenicals. I. p-Amidinophenylarsonic
acid and 4,4'-diamidinoarsenobenzene. I. Am. Chem. Soc., 65:
932-35.
With F. Brody. Synthesis of a pyridine analog of hydnocarpic acid
and of a lower homolog. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 65:1075-80.
With F. Brody. Thiazoles. XXVII. A thiazole analog of hydno-
carpic acid. i. Am. Chem. Soc., 65:1080-82.
With M. Levitz. Dehydrogenation. III. Dehydrogenation of a
methyl spiran. i. Org. Chem., 8:253-55.
With K. C. Frisch. The search for superior antimalarials. I. Ex-
periments in the veratrole group. i. Org. Chem., 8:331-38.
With K. C. Frisch and M. Silverman. Unexpected rearrangement in
the application of the Skraup reaction to 3-nitro-4-aminovera-
trole. l. Am. Chem. Soc., 65:2432-34.
Harrison E. Howe. Chem. Eng. News, 21:678.
1944
With K. Frisch. The search for superior antimalarials. II. Syn-
thesis of 6,7-dimethoxyquinoline derivatives and of some in-
cidental compounds. J. Org. Chem., 9:338-51.
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MARSTON TAYLOR BOGERT
With F. Linsker. Amidino arsenicals.
I. Am. Chem. Soc., 66: 191-92.
1945
125
II. Some trivalent arsenicals.
Memorial meeting in honor of Marie Sklodowska Curie. Bulletin
of the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America, 3:200-
201.
With NI. Levitz. The search for superior drugs for tropical diseases.
I. Derivatives of quininaldehyde and 6,7-dimethoxycinchoninal-
dehyde. I. Org. Chem., 10: 341-46.
With F. NIisani. The search for superior drugs for tropical diseases.
II. Synthetic studies in the quinoline and phenanthroline series.
Skraup and Conrad-Limpach-Knorr reactions. I. Org. Chem.,
10: 347-65.
With F. Misani. The search for superior drugs for tropical diseases.
III. Further experiments in the quinoline group. I. Org. Chem.,
10:458-63.
1946
With M. Silverman. Synthesis of some indene and dihydronaph-
thalene derivatives related to stilbestrol. J. Org. Chem., 11:34-
49.
With F. Linsker. N-oxides of atebrin and plasmochin. i. Am.
Chem. Soc., 68: 192-93.
Addresses given at Parsons testimonial banquet: Introductory
marks. Chem. Eng. News, 24:1204.
The International Union of Chemistry. Chem. Eng. News, 24:
2608-9.
1947
The rebuilding and advance of the International Union of Chem-
istry. Chem. Eng. News, 25:1426-28; also in Chemistry and In-
dustry, 447-49.
Wtih J. Ehrlich. Experiments in the veratrole and quinoxaline
groups. l. Org. Chem., 12: 522-34.
-
lg49
International organization of chemists.
95.
Chem. Eng. News, 27:1992-
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126
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
GERMAN PATENTS
228,796, Klasse 22a, Gruppe 1 Verfahren zur Darstellung von Azo-
farbstoffen
236,848, Klasse 12a, Gruppe 6 Verfahren zur Darstellung van 2,4-
Diamino-i-phtalsaeure bezw. ihre Acidylderivate
U.S. PATENTS
1,012,055, Azo Dyestuffs
1,032,734 Products obtainable from 4,6-diamino-1,3-xylene and
process of making
1,574,337 Dyestuff Intermediates
OCR for page 132
Representative terms from entire chapter:
marston taylor
