. "5 Immigration's Effects on Jobs and Wages: Empirical Evidence." The New Americans: Economic, Demographic, and Fiscal Effects of Immigration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1997.
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TABLE 5.9 Occupation, Immigrants Aged 21-65 Years at Admission to Permanent Residence: Fiscal Year 1977, 1982, and 1994 Cohorts
FY 1977 Cohort
FY 1982 Cohort
FY 1994 Cohort
Summary Occupation Group
Average Income
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
Managerial and professional specialty occupations
$31,199
33.3
30.1
30.3
27.9
32.2
33.2
Technical, sales, and administrative support occupations
$18,882
11.8
22.9
12.4
24.4
12.1
21.0
Service occupations
$13,751
9.1
19.8
10.3
21.8
14.5
21.7
Farming, forestry, and fishing occupations
$13,301
4.9
0.9
6.2
4.1
4.4
3.2
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations
$18,254
16.4
1.9
17.7
9.9
11.1
14.9
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
$15,599
24.5
24.4
23.1
11.8
25.7
14.9
Percentage reporting occupation
86.6
40.7
77.9
44.1
69.9
38.5
Average occupational earnings, 1979 dollars
$21,267
$18,888
$20,010
$18,609
$19,648
$18,767
Number aged 21-65 years
130,011
152,654
173,185
173,201
216,306
266,130
Note: Figures for fiscal year 1994 exclude both aliens legalized by provisions of the Immigration Reform and Control Act and legalization dependents.
Source: Immigration and Naturalization Service Public Use Files.
