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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
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APPENDICES

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
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APPENDIX A Biographies of Committee Members

Douglas C. Wolcott (chair) served as president of Chevron Shipping Company from 1984 until his retirement in 1994. During that time, Chevron had the largest oil company-owned fleet in the world, consisting of 40 oceangoing tankers with a total carrying capacity of 6 million deadweight tons, a smaller fleet of tugboats and barges, and 50 to 60 chartered vessels. Mr. Wolcott had been with Chevron Corporation (previously Standard Oil Company of California) since 1957, holding positions in oil-producing operations, the international fleet, traffic and chartering, and operations. Mr. Wolcott serves on the board of directors of the American Bureau of Shipping and of London and Overseas Freighters, Ltd. He has been chairman of the Oil Companies International Marine Forum, the American Institute of Merchant Shipping, and the Marine Preservation Association, and deputy chairman of the United Kingdom Protection and Indemnity Club. He holds a B.S. degree in engineering from the University of California at Berkeley and has completed graduate work in petroleum engineering at the University of Southern California.

Peter Bontadelli (vice chair) is administrator of the Office of Oil Spill Prevention and Response of the California Department of Fish and Game. He has primary authority for prevention, removal, abatement, response, containment, and cleanup efforts related to oil spills in the marine waters of California. His previous experience at the Department of Fish and Game included service as special assistant to the director, chief deputy director, and most recently, department director, a post he held for five years. During that time he served on various distinguished environmental panels, including the Pacific Flyway Council (where he was a former president), the North American Wetlands Conservation Council, the

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
×

Pacific Fishery Management Council, the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission, the International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, and the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. Mr. Bontadelli received his B.A. in political science from the University of California at Davis.

Lars Carlsson is president of Concordia Maritime AB, a Swedish shipping company that operates two ultralarge crude carriers and six very large crude carriers in cooperation with Stena Bulk AB. A senior executive in international shipping and trade since 1969, Mr. Carlsson is chair of the North Europe Committee of the American Bureau of Shipping, a council member of INTERTANKO (the International Association of Independent Tanker Owners), and a frequent participant in shipping conferences. He is an industry advocate for building and maintaining oil tankers to the highest standards and for providing these standards through voluntary quality classification. Mr. Carlsson holds a degree in business economy.

William R. Finger, is president of ProxPro, Inc., where he evaluates present and future prospects for the energy and oil industries. Prior to joining ProxPro in 1992, he served at the Exxon Company (USA) for 33 years, where he was responsible for evaluating the energy business environment and for representing Exxon in energy matters before the U.S. Congress and government agencies. He also represented the company in industry groups, including the National Petroleum Council, the Energy Modeling Forum, the American Petroleum Institute, and the Houston Economic Development Council. Mr. Finger received his B.S. degree from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and is a registered professional engineer in the State of Louisiana.

Ran Hettena is president of the Maritime Overseas Corporation, the operating agent for the Overseas Shipholding Group, Inc. (OSG), and has been active in the shipping business for 40 years. At OSG he has been director and member of the Finance and Development Committee of the company and president of OSG Bulk Ships, Inc., a subsidiary that owns a U.S.-flag fleet. Mr. Hettena has served as trustee, treasurer, and chair of the Finance Committee of the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture; chair of the Tanker Subcommittee of the U.S. Department of Transportation Maritime Advisory Committee; member of the American Bureau of Shipping board managers; chair of the Committee of Gard in the Norwegian Protection and Indemnity Insurance Association; and director of the American Institute of Merchant Shipping. He has a B.S. degree from Columbia University and an M.S. in economics from New York University.

John W. Hutchinson, NAS/NAE, is the Gordon McKay Professor of Applied Mechanics at Harvard University, where he has been on the faculty since 1963. His research interests include solid mechanics, buckling of structures, and mechanical behavior and fracture of engineering materials. He has served as an

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
×

editor for Academic Press and on the editorial boards of a number of journals. He is a member of the Defense Sciences Research Council of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (U.S. Department of Defense) and a former member of the U.S. National Committee on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Danish Center for Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, the American Society for Testing and Materials, and the American Ceramics Society. A former Guggenheim fellow, Dr. Hutchinson is a fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the recipient of a number of professional awards. He has a B.S. in engineering mechanics from Lehigh University, a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from Harvard University, and honorary doctoral degrees from the Swedish Royal Institute of Technology and the Technical University of Denmark.

Sally Ann Lentz is co-executive director and general counsel of Ocean Advocates, a nonprofit environmental organization dedicated to the protection of the marine environment. She represents environmental interests in national and international forums on ocean dumping, vessel source pollution, and other marine public policy issues and has served as adviser to U.S. delegations to the International Maritime Organization. Her previous positions have included staff attorney for Friends of the Earth and the Oceanic Society, as well as private practice. She holds a B.A. from Oberlin College, and a J.D. from the University of Maryland, and she has completed postgraduate study in European Community law. A member of the District of Columbia and Maryland bars, she served on the Committee on Tanker Vessel Design of the NRC Marine Board.

Donald Liu is senior vice president for technology at the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), where he directs the international technology activities of the organization. In his 30-year career at ABS, Dr. Liu has held positions as senior vice president of the Technical Services Group, vice president of the Research and Development Division, assistant vice president, and chief research engineer. He has published and presented numerous technical papers on ships and marine loading and on computer analytical methods. Dr. Liu is a graduate of the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy (B.S.), the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (B.S. and M.S. degrees in naval architecture and marine engineering), and the University of Arizona (Ph.D. in mechanical engineering).

Dimitri A. Manthos has been president since 1962 of Admanthos Shipping Agency, Inc., of Stamford, Connecticut. Admanthos Shipping, founded in 1947, presently manages five modern product carriers in the U.S. trades and has a double-hull vessel under construction. Mr. Manthos has held senior positions with Tropic Drilling Company of Texas and other marine-oriented firms. He is a director of the U.K. Mutual Steamship Insurance Association and a member of the Det Norske Veritas North America Committee and the Bahamas Maritime Advisory

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
×

Council. He was a member and director of the Society of Maritime Arbitrators and served on the Ocean Industry Visiting Committee of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), of which he is a life sustaining fellow. He holds a B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering and an M.S. in shipping and shipbuilding management, both from MIT.

Henry Marcus, professor of marine systems at MIT, is chairman of the MIT Ocean Systems Management Program and the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) Professor of Ship Acquisition. He holds a B.S. degree in naval architecture from the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture; M.S. degrees in naval architecture, shipbuilding, and shipping management from MIT; and a doctorate in business administration from Harvard University. Dr. Marcus chaired the Committee on Tank Vessel Design, which operated under the auspices of the National Research Council Marine Board and produced the 1991 report Tanker Spills: Prevention by Design.

Keith Michel is president of Herbert Engineering Corporation. In his 20 years with the company he has worked on design, specification development, and contract negotiations of container ships, bulk carriers, and tankers. Mr. Michel has served on industry advisory groups developing guidelines for alternative tanker designs, including groups advising the International Maritime Organization and the U.S. Coast Guard. His work has included development of methodology, vessel models, and oil outflow analysis. He was a project engineer for the U.S. Coast Guard report on oil outflow analysis for double-hull and hybrid tanker arrangements, which was part of the U.S. Department of Transportation's technical report on the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90) to Congress. He has also worked on the development of salvage software used by the U.S. and the Canadian Coast Guards, the U.S. Navy, the National Transportation Safety Board, the Maritime Administration, the American Bureau of Shipping, Lloyd's, and numerous oil and shipping companies. Mr. Michel holds a B.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture.

John H. Robinson is a consultant in marine science issues related to offshore oil development and transportation. Mr. Robinson retired from federal service after serving for 30 years in positions with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). As director of the NOAA Gulf Program Office of the Office of the Chief Scientist, he directed NOAA research to assess the effects of marine oil spills and oil field fires in the aftermath of the Persian Gulf war. Previously, as manager of the NOAA Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) Response Division, he developed and managed the NOAA spill response and hazardous waste site research program, established regional scientific support programs in U.S. coastal areas, and served as scientific coordinator for the Ixtoc I oil drilling spill, the

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
×

Exxon Valdez, and other oil and chemical spills. While at HAZMAT, Mr. Robinson originated a program for computer-aided management of emergency operations. He received his B.S. in industrial engineering from Texas Technological University.

Ann Rothe is executive director of Trustees for Alaska, a nonprofit, public interest law firm representing environmental groups, Alaskan Native corporations, and others in the areas of natural resources and environmental protection. Prior to her current position, she was Alaska's regional representative to the National Wildlife Federation and assistant to the regional vice president of the National Audubon Society. After the Exxon Valdez grounding, she worked on state and federal legislation to improve oil spill prevention and response capabilities in Alaska and nationwide, and she was a principal organizer of the Regional Citizens Advisory Council for Prince William Sound. She has also served on the Research and Development Advisory Committee for the Marine Spill Response Corporation and the regional technical working group for outer continental shelf activities of the Minerals Management Service. Ms. Rothe has a B.S. in journalism and wildlife biology from Iowa State University.

David G. St. Amand is president and founder of Navigistics Consulting. An expert on shipping and petroleum economics, he has been a witness on shipping and petroleum economics, conducted extensive analyses of the Alaskan and foreign tanker trades, led a reengineering effort for the crude oil supply of a major oil company, and conducted studies on the regulatory and environmental effects of hydrocarbon vapor emission regulations. He was project manager for the development of vessel oil spill response plans for a number of shipowners and operators, and he has worked with owners, operators, and oil spill response contractors to ensure their compliance with OPA 90. He also serves on the Towing Safety Advisory Committee for the U.S. Coast Guard. Mr. St. Amand holds a B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture and an M.B.A. from Dartmouth College.

Kirsi K. Tikka is associate professor at the Webb Institute. She was previously a senior analyst for tanker planning and economics at Chevron Shipping Company, where she performed economic analyses for marine transportation projects, including new vessel building projects, vessel charter evaluations, operation cost studies, transportation studies, and voyage economics. Dr. Tikka has degrees in mechanical engineering (M.S.) from the Helsinki University of Technology and in naval architecture and offshore engineering (M.S. and Ph.D.) from the University of California at Berkeley.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
×
Page 155
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
×
Page 156
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A." National Research Council. 1998. Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5798.
×
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The passage of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90) by Congress and subsequent modifications of international maritime regulations resulted in a far-reaching change in the design of tank vessels. Double-hull rather than single-hull tankers are now the industry standard, and nearly all ships in the world maritime oil transportation fleet are expected to have double hulls by about 2020.

This book assesses the impact of the double hull and related provisions of OPA 90 on ship safety, protection of the marine environment, and the economic viability and operational makeup of the maritime oil transportation industry. The influence of international conventions on tank vessel design and operation is addressed. Owners and operators of domestic and international tank vessel fleets, shipyard operators, marine architects, classification societies, environmentalists, and state and federal regulators will find this book useful.

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