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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×

Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty

Interim Report I: Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations

Constance F. Citro, Michael L. Cohen, Graham Kalton, and Kirsten K. West, Editors

Panel on Estimates of Poverty for Small Geographic Areas

Committee on National Statistics

Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education

National Research Council

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C.
1997

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

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The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.

The project that is the subject of this report is supported by Contract RN96131001 between the National Academy of Sciences and the U.S. Department of Education. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project.

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Copyright 1997 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×

PANEL OF ESTIMATES OF POVERTY FOR SMALL GEOGRAPHIC AREAS

GRAHAM KALTON (Chair),

Westat, Inc., Rockville, Maryland

DAVID M. BETSON,

Department of Economics, University of Notre Dame

NANCY DUNTON,

Midwest Research Institute, Kansas City, Missouri

WAYNE A. FULLER,

Department of Statistics, Iowa State University

THOMAS B. JABINE, Consultant,

Washington, D.C.

SYLVIA T. JOHNSON,

School of Education, Howard University

THOMAS A. LOUIS,

School of Public Health,

University of Minnesota

SALLY C. MORTON,

Rand, Santa Monica, California

JEFFREY S. PASSEL,

Urban Institute, Washington, D.C.

J.N.K. RAO,

Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University

ALLEN L. SCHIRM,

Mathematica Policy Research, Inc., Washington, D.C.

PAUL R. VOSS,

Department of Rural Sociology, University of Wisconsin

JAMES H. WYCKOFF,

Graduate School of Public Affairs, State University of New York, Albany

ALAN M. ZASLAVSKY,

Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School

MICHAEL L. COHEN, Study Director

CONSTANCE F. CITRO, Senior Staff Officer

KIRSTEN K. WEST, Research Associate

MEYER ZITTER, Consultant

CANDICE S. EVANS, Senior Project Assistant

MARGARET GILL, Senior Project Assistant

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×

COMMITTEE ON NATIONAL STATISTICS 1996-1997

NORMAN M. BRADBURN (Chair),

National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago

JULIE DAVANZO,

RAND, Santa Monica, California

WILLIAM F. EDDY,

Department of Statistics, Carnegie Mellon University

JOHN F. GEWEKE,

Department of Economics, University of Minnesota

JOEL B. GREENHOUSE,

Department of Statistics, Carnegie Mellon University

ERIC A. HANUSHEK,

W. Allen Wallis Institute of Political Economy and Department of Economics, University of Rochester

RODERICK J.A. LITTLE,

Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan

CHARLES F. MANSKI,

Department of Economics, University of Wisconsin, Madison

WILLIAM NORDHAUS,

Department of Economics, Yale University

JANET L. NORWOOD,

Urban Institute, Washington, D.C.

EDWARD B. PERRIN,

School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington

PAUL R. ROSENBAUM,

Department of Statistics, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania

KEITH F. RUST,

Westat, Inc., Rockville, Maryland

FRANCISCO J. SAMANIEGO,

Division of Statistics, University of California, Davis

MIRON L. STRAF, Director

KATHLEEN SASLAW, Division Administrator

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×
Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×
This page in the original is blank.
Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×

Preface

The Committee on National Statistics convened the Panel on Estimates of Poverty for Small Geographic Areas to conduct a study mandated by the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (The Improving America's School Act of 1994). One purpose of the act is to distribute Title I funds for education programs for disadvantaged children on the basis of estimates of school-age children in poverty (ages 5–17) that are more up to date than estimates from the 1990 census. This interim report is the first from the panel, focusing on 1993 estimates for counties. The panel's future work will include reviewing further updates for county estimates and estimates for school districts.

It was originally intended that the panel would start work soon after the passage of the Act and that, after 18 months, the panel would produce an interim report on the Census Bureau's methodology for county estimates. It was envisioned that, following this report, the Census Bureau would release the county estimates, and the panel would issue a brief report to the Secretaries of Commerce and Education on the appropriateness and reliability of these estimates. The Secretaries are required to base their decision on whether to use those estimates for allocating Title I funds for the 1997–1998 and 1998–1999 school years on the panel's assessment.

The contract for the study was delayed, however, so the panel could not begin its work until June 1996 and had considerably less time than originally planned. The panel was faced with producing a report on both its evaluation of the methodology and its assessment of the estimates for their intended purpose in less than a year, if the report was to be of assistance to the Secretaries of Commerce and Education in reaching their decision. Since school districts make deci-

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×

sions on hiring and retaining teachers in the spring, and they need to know what funds are available, the date for the decision could not be changed. The panel would have liked more time for obtaining more information and preparing this report, but the panel wants to respond to its mandate to help the Department of Education meet the pressing needs of school districts.

The panel reviewed the work of Census Bureau staff at three meetings—in June, October, and December 1996. During this time, the Census Bureau was still conducting its work. It provided provisional estimates to the Department of Education and our panel on January 7, 1997. Later that month, the Department of Commerce informed the panel that those preliminary estimates were to serve the purposes of the legislation.

We thank the staff of the Department of Education and the Bureau of the Census for their untiring assistance to us, especially under the pressures of time. Many people helped us with evaluations we requested and with careful reviews of technical descriptions in our report. We also thank TerriAnn Lowenthal, of the Rothleder-Lowenthal Group, for providing information on the legislative history of small-area poverty estimates and our study.

I thank my colleagues on the panel for their valuable contributions to our deliberations, investigations, and report and for doing so under a very demanding situation. We were fortunate to have been assisted by a very able staff. Above all, we are appreciative of research associate Kirsten K. West, who prepared many drafts of the panel's report. Michael L. Cohen served as interim study director and contributed to the report in many ways. Constance Citro began working with us during the intensive process of report revisions, and we are delighted that she will be the study director for the next phase of the project. Meyer Zitter, who served as a consultant, investigated a number of technical issues for the panel. Eugenia Grohman, associate director for reports of the Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, edited the report and also assisted in our deliberations. We also benefited from the helpful advice of Miron L. Straf of the Committee on National Statistics. Margaret Gill and Kathleen Saslaw provided administrative support for our study, and Candice Evans assisted in the production of the report. To all we are grateful.

Graham Kalton, Chair

Panel on Estimates of Poverty for Small Geographic Areas

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×
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Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty: Interim Report 1, Evaluation of 1993 County Estimates for Title I Allocations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5885.
×
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