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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B." National Research Council. 1997. Energy-Efficient Technologies for the Dismounted Soldier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5905.
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Appendix B Sample Estimate of Operational Requirements for Land Warrior

Operational requirements for Land Warrior were developed by the Infantry Center in terms of wartime and peacetime operational mode summaries for each Land Warrior subsystem (TRADOC, 1994). As shown in Table B-1, the baseline list of electronics includes a computer, soldier and squad radios, a Global Positioning System terminal, a video capture device, hand-held and helmet-mounted displays, a laser detector, an image intensifier, a laser rangefinder and aiming light, a digital compass, a thermal weapons sight and close combat optic, and a video camera. These are grouped into a computer/radio subsystem, an integrated helmet assembly subsystem, and a weapon subsystem.

Table B-1 also lists the power requirements of the objective Land Warrior system. To estimate these power requirements, the Army defined characteristic mission profiles for each subsystem and then compiled summaries for various operational modes. The wartime operational mode summary tabulated mission profile data defined for various wartime missions for dismounted soldiers, including military operations in urban terrain (MOUT) attack, night attack, MOUT defense, open terrain defense, rear area operations, and civil affairs support. Peacetime summaries were also compiled, based on mission profiles defined for such things as the Army Training and Evaluation Program and Command Post exercises, squad and platoon field training exercises, night training, and live-fire exercises.

An example is the mission profile for the laser rangefinder in an attack in urban terrain (Table B-2). The profile lists each task, the number of occurrences, the time required to perform the task, and the total operating time. This mission profile, which requires 19.54 minutes (0.33 hours) operating time, became part of the wartime operational mode summary for the laser rangefinder (Table B-3).

The Army estimated annual wartime usage by using a baseline planning factor of 30 iterations per year of a 12-day combat scenario. During each iteration, units equipped with the Land Warrior ensemble would participate in 138 hours of operations, as shown in the operational mode summary, with the balance of time being used for rest, refitting, and preparation for the next iteration.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B." National Research Council. 1997. Energy-Efficient Technologies for the Dismounted Soldier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5905.
×

TABLE B-1 Power and Energy Requirements for the Land Warrior System

 

Cumulative Peak Power (W)

Function Operating Power (W)

Standby (Alert) Power (W)

Operating Duty Cycle (%)

Average Operating Power (W)

12-Hour Mission Energy Goals (Wh)

Computer/Radio Subsystem            

Computer

18.40

14.80

1.48

Table 5-2

8.27

99.24

Hand-held flat panel display

7.70

6.40

0.00

5

0.32

3.84

Soldier radio              

Receive

1.70

1.40

1.00

40

1.06

12.72

Transmit

7.20

6.00

0.00

20

1.20

14.40

Squad radio

Receive

2.40

2.00

1.00

20

1.20

14.40

Transmit

14.40

12.00

0.00

10

1.20

14.40

Global Positioning System

1.80

1.50

0.60

45

1.01

12.06

Video capture

1.20

1.00

0.00

15

0.15

1.80

Integrated Helmet Assembly Subsystem (IHAS)

5.8 (night)

5.6 (day)

0.25

Table 5-10

2.82

33.84

Helmet-mounted display

 

 

 

 

 

 

Image intensifier with integrated flat panel display

 

 

 

 

 

 

Laser detectors

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weapon Subsystem

7.80

6.00

0.00

Table 5-9

2.78

33.36

Laser rangefinder

 

 

 

 

 

 

Laser aiming light

 

 

 

 

 

 

Digital compass

 

 

 

 

 

 

Thermal weapon sight

 

 

 

 

 

 

TOTALS

68.4

56.7

20.0

240

In Table B-3, At is the time per iteration that the subsystem is active, and Ct is the computer operating time. Because nearly all Land Warrior electronics depend on the computer, an annual Land Warrior system operating time of up to 2,643.6 hours was calculated based on the computer operational mode summary.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B." National Research Council. 1997. Energy-Efficient Technologies for the Dismounted Soldier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5905.
×

TABLE B-2 Attack Mission Profile for the Laser Rangefinder

Task/Event

Number of Occurrences

Time for Each Task (minutes)

Total Operating Time (minutes)

Unstow

4

0.03

Switch on

4

0.05

0.20

Warm up

4

0.05

0.20

Focus

37

0.05

1.85

Adjust diopter

7

0.08

0.56

Observe

7

2.15

15.05

Trigger/fire

37

0.02

0.74

Read

37

0.02

0.74

Switch off

4

0.05

0.02

Optical zero

1

0.03

Change battery

0

0.75

Perform preventive maintenance

1

0.50

Stow

4

0.03

TOTAL

 

 

19.54

TABLE B-3 Wartime Operational Mode Summary for the Laser Rangefinder

Mission

Number of Lasings

Operating Time (hours)

At (hours)

Ct (hours)

Attack (MOUT)

37

0.33

11.06

12

Defense (MOUT)

27

0.30

7.29

   8

Attack (night)

42

0.40

14.79

16

Defense

33

0.07

5.62

   6

Rear area operations

97

1.44

44.10

48

Civil affairs support

129

1.40

44.13

48

TOTALS

365

3.94

126.99

138

REFERENCES

TRADOC (U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command). 1994. Land Warrior Operational Requirements Document, April 13, 1994. Ft. Monroe, Va.: U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B." National Research Council. 1997. Energy-Efficient Technologies for the Dismounted Soldier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5905.
×
Page 184
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B." National Research Council. 1997. Energy-Efficient Technologies for the Dismounted Soldier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5905.
×
Page 185
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B." National Research Council. 1997. Energy-Efficient Technologies for the Dismounted Soldier. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5905.
×
Page 186
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This book documents electric power requirements for the dismounted soldier on future Army battlefields, describes advanced energy concepts, and provides an integrated assessment of technologies likely to affect limitations and needs in the future. It surveys technologies associated with both supply and demand including: energy sources and systems; low power electronics and design; communications, computers, displays, and sensors; and networks, protocols, and operations. Advanced concepts discussed are predicated on continued development by the Army of soldier systems similar to the Land Warrior system on which the committee bases its projections on energy use. Finally, the volume proposes twenty research objectives to achieve energy goals in the 2025 time frame.

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