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The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. scientific considerations and judgments. The hallmark of the risk assessment model is the requirement to be explicit in all the evaluations and judgments made. Primarily as a result of database limitations, ULs are set for very broad age groups. The UL values in Table S-2 for niacin, vitamin B6, folate, and choline were set to protect the most sensitive individuals in the general population (such as those light in weight). The ULs for folate and niacin apply to forms obtained from supplements, fortified foods, or a combination of the two. As described in Chapter 8, the UL for folate is based on examination of case studies of progression of neurological effects in vitamin B12-deficient patients taking folate supplements. Because of lack of suitable data, ULs could not be established for infants or for thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, or biotin. This signifies a need for data. It does not signify that people can tolerate chronic intakes of these vitamins at levels exceeding the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) or Adequate Intake TABLE S-2 Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULsa), by Life Stage Group
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