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Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline (1998)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

Page
466
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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline

G
Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1995

TABLE G-1 Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Thiamin (mg), CSFII, 1994–1995

 

 

  

Percentile

Gender/Age Categorya

N

Mean

1st

5th

10th

25th

50th

75th

90th

95th

99th

0–6 mo

69

0.69

0.11

0.22

0.29

0.45

0.63

0.87

1.15

1.35

1.70

SE

0.05

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.08

0.09

0.12

7–11 mo

45

0.90

0.38

0.53

0.61

0.75

0.9

1.05

1.19

1.27

1.42

SE

0.05

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.05

1–3 y

702

1.14

0.53

0.68

0.76

0.91

1.1

1.32

1.55

1.71

2.04

SE

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

4–8 y

666

1.44

0.75

0.92

1.01

1.19

1.4

1.65

1.91

2.09

2.49

SE

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.03

0.05

0.06

0.09

M 9–13 y

180

1.933

0.82

1.06

1.21

1.49

1.86

2.30

2.74

3.04

3.66

SE

0.07

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.07

0.07

0.08

0.11

0.13

0.19

M 14–18 y

191

2.17

0.89

1.16

1.33

1.65

2.08

2.60

3.14

3.50

4.28

SE

0.09

0.06

0.09

0.10

0.09

0.09

0.15

0.17

0.20

0.59

M 19–30 y

328

2.03

0.92

1.16

1.3

1.58

1.95

2.39

2.84

3.14

3.78

SE

0.06

0.04

0.05

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.07

0.09

0.10

0.15

M 31–50 y

627

2.02

0.87

1.12

1.28

1.55

1.92

2.37

2.88

3.25

4.12

SE

0.06

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.08

0.13

0.17

0.30

M 51–70 y

490

1.74

0.75

0.96

1.09

1.34

1.67

2.06

2.48

2.76

3.35

SE

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.04

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.09

0.14

M 71+ y

237

1.70

0.77

0.97

1.10

1.33

1.64

2.00

2.37

2.62

3.14

SE

0.07

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.09

0.12

0.15

0.22
Page
466
Front Matter (R1-R24)
Summary (1-16)
1 Introduction to Dietary Reference Intakes (17-26)
2 The B Vitamins and Choline: Overview and Methods (27-40)
3 A Model for the Development of Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (41-57)
4 Thiamin (58-86)
5 Riboflavin (87-122)
6 Niacin (123-149)
7 Vitamin B6 (150-195)
8 Folate (196-305)
9 Vitamin B12 (306-356)
10 Pantothenic Acid (357-373)
11 Biotin (374-389)
12 Choline (390-422)
13 Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes (423-436)
14 A Research Agenda (437-442)
A Origin and Framework of the Development of Dietary Reference Intakes (443-447)
B Acknowledgments (448-450)
C Système International d'Unités (451-452)
D Search Strategies (453-455)
E Methodological Problems Associated with Laboratory Values and Food Composition Data for B Vitamins (456-459)
F Dietary Intake Data from the Boston Nutritional Status Survey, 1981–1984 (460-465)
G Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1995 (466-477)
H Dietary Intake Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994 (478-501)
I Daily Intakes of B Vitamins by Canadian Men and Women, 1990, 1993 (502-506)
J Options for Dealing with Uncertainties in Developing Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (507-511)
K Blood Concentrations of Folate and Vitamin B12 from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994 (512-519)
L Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (520-522)
M Evidence from Animal Studies on the Etiology of Neural Tube Defects (523-526)
N Estimation of the Period Covered by Vitamin B12 Stores (527-530)
O Biographical Sketches (531-536)
P Glossary and Abbreviations (537-540)
Index (541-567)

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline G Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1995 TABLE G-1 Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Thiamin (mg), CSFII, 1994–1995       Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th 0–6 mo 69 0.69 0.11 0.22 0.29 0.45 0.63 0.87 1.15 1.35 1.70 SE 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.12 7–11 mo 45 0.90 0.38 0.53 0.61 0.75 0.9 1.05 1.19 1.27 1.42 SE 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 1–3 y 702 1.14 0.53 0.68 0.76 0.91 1.1 1.32 1.55 1.71 2.04 SE 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 4–8 y 666 1.44 0.75 0.92 1.01 1.19 1.4 1.65 1.91 2.09 2.49 SE 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.09 M 9–13 y 180 1.933 0.82 1.06 1.21 1.49 1.86 2.30 2.74 3.04 3.66 SE 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.11 0.13 0.19 M 14–18 y 191 2.17 0.89 1.16 1.33 1.65 2.08 2.60 3.14 3.50 4.28 SE 0.09 0.06 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.15 0.17 0.20 0.59 M 19–30 y 328 2.03 0.92 1.16 1.3 1.58 1.95 2.39 2.84 3.14 3.78 SE 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.15 M 31–50 y 627 2.02 0.87 1.12 1.28 1.55 1.92 2.37 2.88 3.25 4.12 SE 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.13 0.17 0.30 M 51–70 y 490 1.74 0.75 0.96 1.09 1.34 1.67 2.06 2.48 2.76 3.35 SE 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.14 M 71+ y 237 1.70 0.77 0.97 1.10 1.33 1.64 2.00 2.37 2.62 3.14 SE 0.07 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.22

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline   Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th F 9–13 y 200 1.55 0.78 0.97 1.08 1.28 1.52 1.79 2.05 2.21 2.54 SE   0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.10 F 14–18 y 169 1.43 0.55 0.75 0.87 1.09 1.37 1.70 2.07 2.33 2.93 SE   0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.14 0.23 F 19–30 y 302 1.27 0.52 0.80 0.80 0.99 1.22 1.49 1.78 1.99 2.45 SE   0.07 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.15 F 31–50 y 590 1.34 0.51 0.71 0.82 1.03 1.28 1.59 1.92 2.15 2.67 SE   0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.12 F 51–70 y 510 1.28 0.59 0.75 0.85 1.02 1.24 1.49 1.77 1.97 2.40 SE   0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.09 F 70+ y 221 1.21 0.53 0.68 0.78 0.95 1.18 1.43 1.69 1.86 2.20 SE   0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.10 F pregnant 33 1.53 0.67 0.87 0.98 1.2 1.48 1.81 2.14 2.36 2.82 SE   0.39 0.47 0.42 0.42 0.39 0.38 0.40 0.46 0.51 0.65 F lactating 16 2.35 0.88 1.17 1.35 1.71 2.21 2.83 3.52 3.99 5.03 SE   0.52 0.64 0.58 0.55 0.50 0.48 0.55 0.73 0.89 1.31 All individuals 5,527 1.59 0.58 0.79 0.91 1.16 1.49 1.90 2.37 2.71 3.50 SE   0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.09 All indiv +P/L 5,576 1.59 0.58 0.79 0.91 1.16 1.49 1.91 2.38 2.72 3.52 SE   0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.10 a SE = standard error; All indiv +P/L = all individuals plus pregnant and lactating women. SOURCE: Unpublished data on the usual intake distributions for selected B vitamins, K.Dodd and A.Carriquiry, Iowa State University, 1997. Based on transformation of CSFII data using the method of Nusser SM, Carriquiry AL, Dodd KW, Fuller WA. 1996. A semiparametric transformation approach to estimating usual daily intake distributions. J Am Stat Assoc 91:1440–1449.

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline TABLE G-2 Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Riboflavin (mg), CSFII, 1994–1995   Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th 0–6 mo 69 0.97 0.18 0.34 0.44 0.65 0.93 1.25 1.56 1.77 2.18 SE   0.07 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.14 7–11 mo 45 1.53 0.50 0.75 0.90 1.15 1.45 1.82 2.25 2.58 3.33 SE   0.17 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.14 0.21 0.32 0.41 0.64 1–3 y 702 1.66 0.73 0.96 1.10 1.33 1.62 1.94 2.27 2.50 2.98 SE   0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07 4–8 y 666 1.91 0.88 1.13 1.26 1.52 1.84 2.23 2.63 2.91 3.56 SE   0.04 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.16 M 9–13 y 180 2.45 0.93 1.26 1.47 1.85 2.35 2.95 3.56 3.97 4.81 SE   0.10 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.16 0.20 0.32 M 14–18 y 191 2.64 0.99 1.32 1.53 1.94 2.50 3.18 3.92 4.43 5.54 SE   0.11 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.14 0.19 0.23 0.32 M 19–30 y 328 2.46 1.03 1.32 1.50 1.86 2.33 2.92 3.56 4.00 4.96 SE   0.10 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.16 0.19 0.27 M 31–50 y 627 2.30 0.97 1.27 1.44 1.76 2.18 2.70 3.30 3.74 4.78 SE   0.06 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.30 M 51–70 y 490 2.04 0.85 1.09 1.24 1.54 1.94 2.44 2.98 3.35 4.18 SE   0.06 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.11 0.15 0.39 M 71+ y 237 2.05 0.83 1.09 1.26 1.56 1.97 2.45 2.96 3.30 4.02 SE   0.09 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.16 0.19 0.29 F 9–13 y 200 2.01 0.92 1.18 1.34 1.62 1.97 2.35 2.73 2.98 3.46 SE   0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.13 0.17 F 14–18 y 169 1.75 0.61 0.84 0.99 1.28 1.66 2.12 2.61 2.94 3.64 SE   0.09 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.15 0.18 0.22 0.64 F 19–30 y 302 1.56 0.57 0.80 0.93 1.18 1.49 1.85 2.26 2.55 3.22 SE   0.10 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.28 F 31–50 y 590 1.58 0.64 0.85 0.96 1.18 1.50 1.89 2.30 2.58 3.26 SE   0.04 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.18 F 51–70 y 510 1.54 0.66 0.85 0.97 1.18 1.47 1.81 2.20 2.49 3.16 SE   0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.11 0.20 F 70+ y 221 1.47 0.63 0.83 0.94 1.14 1.40 1.72 2.08 2.34 2.95 SE   0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.26 F pregnant 33 1.77 0.51 0.83 1.01 1.35 1.74 2.16 2.55 2.79 3.26 SE   0.37 0.44 0.54 0.58 0.56 0.42 2.76 0.18 0.17 0.46 F lactating 16 2.88 0.93 1.38 1.66 2.17 2.81 3.50 4.19 4.62 5.47 SE   0.50 0.59 0.60 0.60 0.57 0.52 0.47 0.46 0.49 0.62

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline   Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th All individuals 5,527 1.93 0.69 0.94 1.10 1.40 1.81 2.31 2.89 3.32 4.35 SE   0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.11 All indiv +P/L 5,576 1.94 0.69 0.95 1.10 1.41 1.82 2.32 2.90 3.33 4.36 SE   0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.11 a SE = standard error; All indiv +P/L = all individuals plus pregnant and lactating women. SOURCE: Unpublished data on the usual intake distributions for selected B vitamins, K.Dodd and A.Carriquiry, Iowa State University, 1997. Based on transformation of CSFII data using the method of Nusser SM, Carriquiry AL, Dodd KW, Fuller WA. 1996. A semiparametric transformation approach to estimating usual daily intake distributions. J Am Stat Assoc 91:1440–1449.

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline TABLE G-3 Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Niacin (mg), CSFII, 1994–1995       Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th 0–6 mo 69 8.23 1.60 2.90 3.90 5.70 7.90 10.40 13.10 14.80 17.80 SE   0.63 0.52 0.62 0.63 0.61 0.63 0.76 0.92 1.04 1.37 7–11 mo 45 11.02 4.20 5.90 7.00 8.80 10.90 13.10 15.20 16.50 18.90 SE   0.75 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.72 0.78 0.84 0.89 0.93 1.00 1–3 y 702 13.45 5.40 7.30 8.40 10.40 13.00 15.90 19.10 21.20 25.90 SE   0.30 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.31 0.35 0.42 0.50 0.75 4–8 y 666 17.60 8.20 10.50 11.90 14.20 17.10 20.40 23.90 26.20 31.40 SE   0.33 0.51 0.33 0.34 0.41 0.31 0.51 0.61 0.69 1.15 M 9–13 y 180 23.71 10.60 13.60 15.40 18.70 23.00 27.90 33.00 36.30 43.10 SE   0.81 1.06 1.05 1.04 0.95 0.83 0.86 1.01 1.13 1.70 M 14–18 y 191 28.90 12.00 15.90 18.20 22.30 27.60 34.00 41.20 46.50 58.80 SE   1.28 1.08 1.10 1.10 1.12 1.25 1.55 1.99 2.34 3.32 M 19–30 y 328 31.83 13.80 17.60 19.90 24.50 30.50 37.70 45.40 50.60 61.60 SE   1.29 0.80 0.85 0.90 1.04 1.26 1.56 1.95 2.28 3.14 M 31–50 y 627 29.39 13.80 17.50 19.60 23.40 28.30 34.10 40.50 45.10 55.30 SE   0.78 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.55 0.66 0.96 1.45 1.88 3.03 M 51–70 y 490 25.84 11.00 14.30 16.30 20.00 24.80 30.50 36.70 41.10 50.80 SE   0.87 0.51 0.53 0.55 0.63 0.80 1.08 1.49 1.83 2.80 M 71+ y 237 22.50 9.80 12.60 14.20 17.50 21.70 26.60 31.80 35.30 42.70 SE   0.84 0.49 0.53 0.56 0.63 0.77 1.06 1.54 1.95 3.00 F 9–13 y 200 18.53 8.90 11.20 12.60 15.10 18.20 21.60 25.00 27.20 31.60 SE   0.72 0.55 0.59 0.61 0.66 0.73 0.83 0.97 1.09 1.40 F 14–18 y 169 18.97 7.20 9.80 11.40 14.30 18.10 22.50 27.60 31.20 39.60 SE   1.05 0.76 0.80 0.82 0.84 0.93 1.25 1.83 2.34 3.76 F 19–30 y 302 18.17 7.10 9.50 11.00 13.80 17.50 21.80 26.20 29.10 35.20 SE   0.94 0.53 0.73 0.81 0.84 0.87 1.12 1.45 1.73 3.02 F 31–50 y 590 19.30 8.40 10.90 12.40 15.10 18.60 22.70 27.00 30.00 36.40 SE   0.55 0.57 0.51 0.44 0.47 0.61 0.66 0.89 1.07 1.43 F 51–70 y 510 18.38 8.80 11.00 12.30 14.70 17.80 21.50 25.20 27.60 32.70 SE   0.38 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.48 0.55 0.63 1.23 F 70+ y 221 17.30 7.50 9.70 11.10 13.60 16.80 20.50 24.20 26.60 31.70 SE   0.45 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.48 0.51 0.62 0.73 1.05 F pregnant 33 19.53 8.60 11.20 12.80 15.60 19.10 23.00 26.80 29.30 34.30 SE   6.97 6.74 8.28 8.97 9.31 7.86 5.30 3.95 3.81 4.60 F lactating 16 27.38 11.60 15.30 17.60 21.70 26.80 32.40 38.00 41.60 48.70 SE   4.09 3.76 3.98 4.08 4.21 4.27 4.33 4.65 5.10 6.63

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline       Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th All individuals 5,527 22.23 7.50 10.50 12.30 15.90 20.80 26.90 33.90 38.90 50.90 SE   0.28 0.20 0.29 0.29 0.18 0.37 0.37 0.76 0.93 1.39 All indiv +P/L 5,576 22.24 7.50 10.50 12.30 15.90 20.80 26.90 33.90 38.90 50.80 SE   0.27 0.19 0.33 0.33 0.18 0.40 0.36 0.76 0.91 1.34 a SE = standard error; All indiv +P/L = all individuals plus pregnant and lactating women. SOURCE: Unpublished data on the usual intake distributions for selected B vitamins, K.Dodd and A.Carriquiry, Iowa State University, 1997. Based on transformation of CSFII data using the method of Nusser SM, Carriquiry AL, Dodd KW, Fuller WA. 1996. A semiparametric transformation approach to estimating usual daily intake distributions. J Am Stat Assoc 91:1440–1449.

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline TABLE G-4 Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Vitamin B6 (mg), CSFII, 1994–1995   Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th 0–6 mo 69 0.41 0.09 0.16 0.20 0.29 0.40 0.52 0.62 0.69 0.84 SE   0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.15 7–11 mo 45 0.77 0.34 0.45 0.51 0.62 0.76 0.90 1.04 1.13 1.30 SE   0.07 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.14 1–3 y 702 1.31 0.58 0.74 0.84 1.02 1.27 1.55 1.84 2.03 2.44 SE   0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.09 4–8 y 666 1.53 0.68 0.88 1.00 1.21 1.48 1.80 2.13 2.36 2.85 SE   0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.19 M 9–13 y 180 2.04 0.80 1.07 1.24 1.55 1.96 2.45 2.94 3.27 3.96 SE   0.09 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.20 M 14–18 y 191 2.26 0.86 1.15 1.32 1.66 2.12 2.69 3.37 3.86 5.02 SE   0.11 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.16 0.22 0.25 0.41 M 19–30 y 328 2.43 0.94 1.25 1.44 1.81 2.31 2.91 3.57 4.01 4.98 SE   0.11 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.13 0.16 0.19 0.26 M 31–50 y 627 2.26 0.90 1.19 1.37 1.70 2.13 2.68 3.31 3.77 4.86 SE   0.07 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.13 0.18 0.32 M 51–70 y 490 2.04 0.80 1.06 1.23 1.54 1.95 2.45 2.97 3.32 4.06 SE   0.06 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.13 0.19 M 71+ y 237 1.99 0.77 1.01 1.17 1.48 1.89 2.39 2.93 3.29 4.08 SE   0.09 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.12 0.17 0.21 0.32 F 9–13 y 200 1.58 0.67 0.88 1.00 1.24 1.54 1.88 2.22 2.44 2.90 SE   0.07 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.11 0.12 0.17 F 14–18 y 169 1.50 0.54 0.75 0.87 1.10 1.41 1.80 2.25 2.57 3.31 SE   0.10 0.09 0.05 0.07 0.12 0.09 0.17 0.23 0.26 0.40 F 19–30 y 302 1.44 0.55 0.76 0.88 1.10 1.38 1.71 2.06 2.31 2.86 SE   0.08 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.14 0.17 0.25 F 31–50 y 590 1.52 0.57 0.78 0.91 1.15 1.43 1.81 2.20 2.47 3.07 SE   0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.12 F 51–70 y 510 1.50 0.63 0.82 0.94 1.15 1.43 1.77 2.13 2.38 2.93 SE   0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.12 F 70+ y 221 1.46 0.56 0.76 0.88 1.11 1.41 1.76 2.12 2.35 2.84 SE   0.05 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.12 F pregnant 33 1.61 0.58 0.81 0.95 1.22 1.56 1.95 2.34 2.59 3.11 SE   0.42 0.35 0.39 0.41 0.43 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.50 F lactating 16 2.56 0.98 1.29 1.49 1.88 2.41 3.08 3.81 4.31 5.41 SE   0.45 0.40 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.49 0.51 0.56 0.81

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline   Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th All individuals 5,527 1.79 0.59 0.82 0.97 1.26 1.66 2.17 2.74 3.16 4.14 SE   0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.11 All indiv +P/L 5,576 1.79 0.59 0.82 0.97 0.13 1.67 2.17 2.75 3.17 4.15 SE   0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.11 a SE = standard error; All indiv +P/L = all individuals plus pregnant and lactating women. SOURCE: Unpublished data on the usual intake distributions for selected B vitamins, K.Dodd and A.Carriquiry, Iowa State University, 1997. Based on transformation of CSFII data using the method of Nusser SM, Carriquiry AL, Dodd KW, Fuller WA. 1996. A semiparametric transformation approach to estimating usual daily intake distributions. J Am Stat Assoc 91:1440–1449.

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline TABLE G-5 Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Folate (µg), CSFII, 1994–1995   Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th 0–6 mo 69 80 16 29 38 56 78 101 122 137 167 SE   6 6 7 7 7 6 8 9 10 13 7–11 mo 45 129 51 69 79 99 125 154 183 202 241 SE   12 9 8 8 8 11 16 22 27 42 1–3 y 702 182 70 93 108 136 173 218 268 303 382 SE   5 4 4 5 5 5 6 8 12 37 4–8 y 666 232 95 124 141 176 221 276 335 375 461 SE   6 3 3 3 4 5 8 11 14 22 M 9–13 y 180 334 112 153 180 234 310 407 517 595 770 SE   17 10 11 12 13 16 21 31 40 65 M 14–18 y 191 321 100 140 165 217 293 392 512 600 811 SE   19 7 8 9 12 18 26 35 44 77 M 19–30 y 328 322 112 148 172 223 297 394 505 584 758 SE   18 6 6 7 10 18 24 29 36 76 M 31–50 y 627 309 106 143 167 214 281 372 484 569 783 SE   11 5 5 6 7 9 14 22 30 57 M 51–70 y 490 286 97 131 153 198 263 348 447 518 680 SE   10 6 6 6 7 8 12 18 23 37 M 71+ y 237 297 101 137 161 209 276 362 458 527 680 SE   15 6 6 7 9 13 20 32 42 68 F 9–13 y 200 254 90 123 143 184 240 308 383 435 547 SE   13 8 9 9 11 13 16 21 26 41 F 14–18 y 169 223 72 98 116 152 205 273 352 409 540 SE   16 7 6 7 8 12 19 35 57 145 F 19–30 y 302 214 71 100 118 153 200 259 326 374 488 SE   14 6 6 7 9 12 18 25 31 45 F 31–50 y 590 227 74 103 120 155 208 277 357 414 551 SE   8 4 4 5 5 7 10 16 22 41 F 51–70 y 510 224 83 111 129 163 211 270 335 379 476 SE   8 5 5 5 6 7 9 12 15 22 F 70+y 221 224 75 105 124 161 212 273 338 383 477 SE   9 5 6 6 7 9 11 14 17 25 F pregnant 33 241 114 140 156 188 230 282 338 377 462 SE   29 16 15 15 17 23 37 57 73 113 F lactating 16 461 160 215 251 324 428 561 713 822 1,068 SE   102 41 51 57 72 95 128 172 206 294

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline   Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th All individuals 5,527 259 80 111 131 173 235 317 414 486 663 SE   4 2 2 2 3 3 5 9 12 24 All indiv +P/L 5,576 259 80 111 131 174 236 318 415 488 667 SE   4 2 2 2 2 3 5 9 12 23 a SE = standard error; All indiv +P/L = all individuals plus pregnant and lactating women. SOURCE: Unpublished data on the usual intake distributions for selected B vitamins, K.Dodd and A.Carriquiry, Iowa State University, 1997. Based on transformation of CSFII data using the method of Nusser SM, Carriquiry AL, Dodd KW, Fuller WA. 1996. A semiparametric transformation approach to estimating usual daily intake distributions. J Am Stat Assoc 91:1440–1449.

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline TABLE G-6 Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Vitamin B12 (µg), CSFII, 1994–1995   Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th 0–6 mo 69 1.37 0.36 0.60 0.76 1.03 1.34 1.67 2.00 2.22 2.68 SE   0.11 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.17 0.21 0.31 7–11 mo 45 4.53 0.80 1.30 1.70 2.40 3.60 5.50 8.40 11.00 18.10 SE   2.27 0.16 0.21 0.29 0.62 1.36 2.82 5.25 7.50 14.10 1–3 y 702 3.36 1.44 1.85 2.08 2.52 3.11 3.92 4.95 5.73 7.63 SE   0.12 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.13 0.26 0.38 0.74 4–8 y 666 3.83 1.57 2.04 2.33 2.88 3.62 4.54 5.58 6.34 8.09 SE   0.14 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.13 0.17 0.26 0.34 0.59 M 9–13 y 180 6.23 2.00 2.90 3.40 4.40 5.90 7.50 9.40 10.90 14.50 SE   0.46 0.17 0.21 0.25 0.33 0.45 0.60 0.83 1.04 1.65 M 14–18 y 191 5.67 2.30 3.00 3.50 4.30 5.40 6.70 8.20 9.30 11.80 SE   0.25 0.18 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.24 0.31 0.43 0.55 0.86 M 19–30 y 328 5.99 2.20 2.90 3.40 4.30 5.60 7.30 9.00 10.30 13.10 SE   0.30 0.16 0.15 0.17 0.20 0.27 0.41 0.56 0.66 0.96 M 31–50 y 627 6.30 2.10 2.80 3.30 4.20 5.60 7.60 10.20 12.20 17.40 SE   0.50 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.22 0.40 0.68 1.06 1.43 2.71 M 51–70 y 490 6.92 1.80 2.40 2.80 3.60 5.20 8.10 12.80 17.10 30.10 SE   1.00 0.11 0.12 0.15 0.20 0.52 1.18 2.50 4.19 10.60 M 71+ y 237 6.25 1.80 2.40 2.80 3.70 5.10 7.40 10.80 13.80 22.90 SE   0.80 0.17 0.20 0.22 0.30 0.49 0.91 1.75 2.65 5.87 F 9–13 y 200 4.07 1.72 2.25 2.57 3.16 3.92 4.82 5.77 6.42 7.82 SE   0.21 0.14 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.22 0.25 0.28 0.31 0.40 F 14–18 y 169 4.18 1.30 1.90 2.30 2.90 3.90 5.10 6.50 7.50 9.90 SE   0.33 0.14 0.18 0.19 0.23 0.29 0.42 0.63 0.82 1.31 F 19–30 y 302 3.68 1.19 1.67 1.98 2.60 3.45 4.51 5.68 6.47 8.21 SE   0.32 0.13 0.19 0.21 0.25 0.29 0.35 0.47 0.60 1.11 F 31–50 y 590 4.24 1.27 1.74 2.02 2.55 3.41 4.88 7.29 9.51 16.09 SE   0.39 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.15 0.20 0.34 1.03 1.95 5.34 F 51–70 y 510 4.91 1.40 1.80 2.10 2.80 3.90 5.80 8.70 11.30 18.90 SE   0.65 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.24 0.56 0.92 1.48 2.21 5.38 F 70+ y 221 4.61 1.09 1.49 1.75 2.33 3.32 5.09 8.28 11.63 24.24 SE   0.84 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.27 0.71 1.89 3.47 11.00 F pregnant 33 3.83 1.40 1.94 2.27 2.90 3.70 4.62 5.55 6.16 7.39 SE   1.45 1.24 1.59 1.78 1.94 1.72 1.28 1.32 1.41 1.32 F lactating 16 6.63 1.90 2.80 3.40 4.60 6.30 8.20 10.30 11.70 14.60 SE   1.55 1.11 1.30 1.39 1.52 1.62 1.69 1.77 1.86 2.19

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline   Percentile Gender/Age Categorya N Mean 1st 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th All individuals 5,527 5.03 1.30 1.90 2.30 3.00 4.10 5.90 8.50 11.10 19.00 SE   0.16 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.09 0.16 0.37 0.68 2.01 All indiv +P/L 5,576 5.04 1.30 1.90 2.30 3.00 4.10 5.90 8.60 11.10 19.00 SE   0.16 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.16 0.37 0.66 1.97 a SE = standard error; All indiv +P/L = all individuals plus pregnant and lactating women. SOURCE: Unpublished data on the usual intake distributions for selected B vitamins, K.Dodd and A.Carriquiry, Iowa State University, 1997. Based on transformation of CSFII data using the method of Nusser SM, Carriquiry AL, Dodd KW, Fuller WA. 1996. A semiparametric transformation approach to estimating usual daily intake distributions. J Am Stat Assoc 91:1440–1449.

Representative terms from entire chapter:

intake distributions