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Nutrient Requirements of Swine: 10th Revised Edition (1998)
Board on Agriculture (BOA)

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11
Composition of Feed Ingredients

When diets are formulated to meet the recommended nutrient requirements of swine, it is necessary to know the nutrient composition of and, if possible, the bioavailability of nutrients in each ingredient used. Individual feed ingredients may vary widely in composition because of variation in cultivars, growing conditions, processing and storage conditions, and nutrient status. Variations in analytical procedures also affect the results that are obtained. Furthermore, the amount of dry matter in the ingredients also affects their nutrient concentrations. The nutrient values given in the following tables are averages, reflecting the concentration of nutrients most likely to be present in feeds that are commonly used in swine diets. They are intended to be used only as a guide and users are encouraged to have a chemical analysis of feed ingredients performed prior to widespread use.

A total of 79 feed ingredients have been included in this edition. Additional information included in the composition tables include estimates of net energy, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, phosphorus bioavailability, and beta-carotene as well as estimates of apparent and true ileal amino acid digestibility. In many instances, values in this edition are different from those previously published. These changes reflect results of analyses of feed ingredients obtained from contemporary crop cultivars, newer processing techniques, and improved analytical procedures.

The subcommittee obtained much of the data included in Tables 11-1 and 11-2 from United States–Canadian Tables of Feed Composition (National Research Council, 1982), International Feeds Institute Tables of Feed Composition (Fonnesbeck et al., 1984), Centraal Veevoederbureau's Veevoedertabel, (Centraal Veevoederbureau, 1994), L'Alimentation des Animaux Monogastriques (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 1984), Feedstuffs Ingredient Analysis Table (Dale, 1995), Nutrient Requirements of Poultry (National Research Council, 1993), UK Tables of Nutritive Value and Chemical Composition of Feedstuffs (Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food Standing Committee on Tables of Feed Composition, 1990), Raw Material Compendium (Novus, 1994), and Rhodimet Nutrition Guide (Rhône-Poulenc, 1993b). Additional information was provided by suppliers of relatively new ingredients (e.g., Growmark Inc., for potato protein concentrate; American Protein Corporation, Merricks, and DuCoa for spray dried animal plasma and animal blood cells; Milk Specialities Company for whey permeate; International Ingredient Corporation for milk-based products) as well as individual scientists.

Energy values were obtained from a summary compiled by R. C. Ewan of Iowa State University (Ewan, 1996) and from Noblet and Henry (1991) and Noblet et al. (1993; 1994). Phosphorus bioavailability estimates are largely based on data from Cromwell (1992) and Jongbloed (1987).

Vitamin levels for Table 11-3 were largely obtained from the same sources listed for Table 11-1 and 11-2, with the exception of biotin, folic acid, β-carotene, and vitamin E, which were obtained from various publications from Hoffman–La Roche (Roche, 1986; 1987a,b; 1992). Two publications by Frigg (Frigg, 1984; Frigg and Volker, 1994) provided additional values for biotin content. Vitamin E values of feedstuffs are dramatically lower than previous publications because only (α–tocopherol values obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography were included (Cort et al., 1983).

The values for the amino acid composition of feedstuffs in Table 11-4 were largely obtained from Degussa's book The Amino Acid Composition of Feedstuffs (Fickler et al., 1995), ADM BioProducts Amino Acid Database (Archer Daniels Midland Company, 1995), Heartland Lysine's Apparent Ileal Digestibility of Crude Protein and Essential Amino Acids in Feedstuffs for Swine—1995 (Heartland Lysine, 1995), BioKyowa's amino acid data base (Southern, 1991), Rhône-Poulenc's Rhodimet Nutrition Guide (Rhône-Poulenc, 1993a), Eurolysine's Ileal Digestibility of

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--> 11 Composition of Feed Ingredients When diets are formulated to meet the recommended nutrient requirements of swine, it is necessary to know the nutrient composition of and, if possible, the bioavailability of nutrients in each ingredient used. Individual feed ingredients may vary widely in composition because of variation in cultivars, growing conditions, processing and storage conditions, and nutrient status. Variations in analytical procedures also affect the results that are obtained. Furthermore, the amount of dry matter in the ingredients also affects their nutrient concentrations. The nutrient values given in the following tables are averages, reflecting the concentration of nutrients most likely to be present in feeds that are commonly used in swine diets. They are intended to be used only as a guide and users are encouraged to have a chemical analysis of feed ingredients performed prior to widespread use. A total of 79 feed ingredients have been included in this edition. Additional information included in the composition tables include estimates of net energy, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, phosphorus bioavailability, and beta-carotene as well as estimates of apparent and true ileal amino acid digestibility. In many instances, values in this edition are different from those previously published. These changes reflect results of analyses of feed ingredients obtained from contemporary crop cultivars, newer processing techniques, and improved analytical procedures. The subcommittee obtained much of the data included in Tables 11-1 and 11-2 from United States–Canadian Tables of Feed Composition (National Research Council, 1982), International Feeds Institute Tables of Feed Composition (Fonnesbeck et al., 1984), Centraal Veevoederbureau's Veevoedertabel, (Centraal Veevoederbureau, 1994), L'Alimentation des Animaux Monogastriques (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 1984), Feedstuffs Ingredient Analysis Table (Dale, 1995), Nutrient Requirements of Poultry (National Research Council, 1993), UK Tables of Nutritive Value and Chemical Composition of Feedstuffs (Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food Standing Committee on Tables of Feed Composition, 1990), Raw Material Compendium (Novus, 1994), and Rhodimet Nutrition Guide (Rhône-Poulenc, 1993b). Additional information was provided by suppliers of relatively new ingredients (e.g., Growmark Inc., for potato protein concentrate; American Protein Corporation, Merricks, and DuCoa for spray dried animal plasma and animal blood cells; Milk Specialities Company for whey permeate; International Ingredient Corporation for milk-based products) as well as individual scientists. Energy values were obtained from a summary compiled by R. C. Ewan of Iowa State University (Ewan, 1996) and from Noblet and Henry (1991) and Noblet et al. (1993; 1994). Phosphorus bioavailability estimates are largely based on data from Cromwell (1992) and Jongbloed (1987). Vitamin levels for Table 11-3 were largely obtained from the same sources listed for Table 11-1 and 11-2, with the exception of biotin, folic acid, β-carotene, and vitamin E, which were obtained from various publications from Hoffman–La Roche (Roche, 1986; 1987a,b; 1992). Two publications by Frigg (Frigg, 1984; Frigg and Volker, 1994) provided additional values for biotin content. Vitamin E values of feedstuffs are dramatically lower than previous publications because only (α–tocopherol values obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography were included (Cort et al., 1983). The values for the amino acid composition of feedstuffs in Table 11-4 were largely obtained from Degussa's book The Amino Acid Composition of Feedstuffs (Fickler et al., 1995), ADM BioProducts Amino Acid Database (Archer Daniels Midland Company, 1995), Heartland Lysine's Apparent Ileal Digestibility of Crude Protein and Essential Amino Acids in Feedstuffs for Swine—1995 (Heartland Lysine, 1995), BioKyowa's amino acid data base (Southern, 1991), Rhône-Poulenc's Rhodimet Nutrition Guide (Rhône-Poulenc, 1993a), Eurolysine's Ileal Digestibility of

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--> Amino Acids in Feedstuffs for Pigs (Jondreville et al., 1995), comprehensive studies of the North Central Region Committee on Swine Nutrition (North Central Region Committee on Swine Nutrition [NCR-42], 1992; 1993; 1995), and the National Research Council's Nutrient Requirements of Poultry (National Research Council, 1993). The Fats and Proteins Research Foundation supplied the subcommittee with a survey of the protein, amino acid, calcium, and phosphorus content of animal-based protein sources (Knabe, 1995). Knowledge of the availability of amino acids in feed ingredients is important for consistent formulation of diets that meet the pig's amino acid requirements. The amounts of amino acids that are available to the animal are often much lower than the quantity contained in feed. Also, large variation exists among feedstuffs in their digestibilities of various amino acids. As a consequence, it is generally considered to be more accurate to formulate diets on an available or digestible basis rather than total amino acid basis. Tables 11-5 and 11-6 provide estimates of apparent and true ileal amino acid digestibilities. The values presented are mostly obtained from Heartland Lysine's Apparent Ileal Digestibility of Crude Protein and Essential Amino Acids in Feedstuffs for Swine—1995 (Heartland Lysine, 1995), Rhône-Poulenc's Rhodimet Nutrition Guide (Rhône-Poulenc, 1993a), BioKyowa's Bulletin Digestible Amino Acids and Digestible Amino Acid Requirements for Swine (Southern, 1991), and Eurolysine's Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Feedstuffs for Pigs (Jondreville et al., 1995). Many factors influence the amino acid composition of grains and protein supplements. For accurate and economical feed formulation, it is desirable to know the amino acid composition of the actual ingredient to be used in the diet. However, it is generally not feasible to analyse all samples of feed ingredients prior to their use. Research has been conducted at several laboratories using regression analysis to estimate the amino acid composition of the feed from its proximate composition. Equations for estimating the amino acid content of feedstuffs based on the protein content are presented in Table 11-7 and were obtained from Degussa's book The Amino Acid Composition of Feedstuffs (Fickler et al., 1995). However, caution should be taken in using this procedure because for some amino acids (e.g., lysine in corn), the correlation between amino acids and crude protein is low. Mineral concentrations of macro mineral sources shown in Table 11-8 were obtained primarily from International Feeds Institute Tables of Feed Composition (Fonnesbeck et al., 1984), Nutrient Requirements of Poultry (National Research Council, 1993), and Macrominerals (Axe, 1994), as well as from suppliers of mineral supplements including Consolidated Minerals Inc. (Plant City, FL), J. R. Simplot Company (Lathrop, CA), Mallinckrodt (IMC-Agrico, Bannockburn, IL), Nutra-Flo Company (Sioux City, IA), White Springs Agricultural Chemicals (White Springs, FL), Occidental Chemical Corporation (White Springs, FL) and PCS Phosphate Company (Raleigh, NC). Trace mineral concentrations in Table 11-9 are largely from National Research Council (1982), Fonnesbeck et al. (1984), Ammerman et al. (1995), Reese et al. (1995), Bernhardt (1996), and Nelson (1995). The fatty acid composition of various sources of fats and oils presented in Table 11-10 are from Feeding Fats published by the Fats and Proteins Research Foundation (Pearl, 1995) and USDA Food Composition Standard Release 11-1 (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1997). Energy values for fats are from the summary of Ewan (1996) and the work of Powles et al. (1995).

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--> TABLE 11-1 Chemical Composition of Some Feed Ingredients Commonly Used for Swine (data on as-fed basis)a Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) DE (kcal/kg) ME (kcal/kg) NE (kcal/kg) Crude Protein (%) Crude Fat (%) Linoleic Acid (%) NDF (%) ADF (%) Calcium (%) Phosphorus (%) Bioavail ability of Phosphorusc (%)   Alfalfa 01 meal dehydrated, 17% CP 1-00-023 92 1,830 1,650 910 17.0 2.6 0.35 41.2 30.2 1.53 0.26 100 02 meal dehydrated, 20% CP 1-00-024 92 2,095 1,885 1,290 19.6 3.3 0.44 38.8 26.4 1.61 0.28 —   Bakery Waste 03 dried bakery product 4-00-466 91 3,940 3,700 2,415d 10.8 11.3 5.70 2.0 1.3 0.13 0.25 —   Barley 04 grain, two row 4-00-572 89 3,050 2,910 2,340 11.3 1.9 0.88 18.0 6.2 0.06 0.35 — 05 grain, six row 4-00-574 89 3,050 2,910 2,310 10.5 1.9 0.91 18.6 7.0 0.06 0.36 30 06 grain, hulless 4-00-552 88 3,360 3,320 2,650 14.9 2.1 1.14 10.1 2.2 0.04 0.45 —   Beet, Sugar 07 pulp, dried 4-00-669 91 2,865 2,495 1,860 8.6 0.8 — 42.4 24.3 0.70 0.10 —   Blood 08 meal, conventional 5-00-380 92 2,850 2,350 1,950 77.1 1.6 0.09 13.6 1.8 0.37 0.27 — 09 meal, flash dried 5-26-006 92 2,300 1,950 1,385d 87.6 1.6 — — — 0.21 0.21 — 10 meal, spray or ring dried 5-00-381 93 3,370 2,945 2,070 88.8 1.3 0.17 — — 0.41 0.30 92 11 plasma, spray driede — 91 — — — 78.0 2.0 — — — 0.15 1.71 — 12 cells, spray driede — 92 — — — 92.0 1.5 — — — 0.02 0.37 —   Brewers' Grain 13 dried 5-02-141 92 2,100 1,960 1,630 26.5 7.3 3.14 48.7 21.9 0.32 0.56 34   Buckwheat, Common                           14 grain 4-00-994 88 2,825 2,640 1,620 11.1 2.4 0.53 17.8 14.3 0.09 0.31 —   Canola (Rapeseed)                           15 meal, sol. extr. 5-06-145 90 2,885 2,640 1,610 35.6 3.5 0.42 21.2 17.2 0.63 1.01 21   Casein 16 dried 5-01-162 91 4,135 3,535 2,555 88.7 0.8 0.03 — — 0.61 0.82 —   Cassava (Tapioca or Manioc)                           17 meal, dehydrated 4-01-152 88 3,385 3,330 2,330 3.3 0.5 — 7.7 4.6 0.22 0.13 —   Coconut (Copra) 18 meal, sol. extr. 5-01-573 92 3,010 2,565 1,695 21.9 3.0 0.03 51.3 25.5 0.16 0.58 —   Corn, Yellow 19 distillers' grain 5-02-842 94 3,100 2,715 1,170d 24.8 7.9 4.46 40.4 17.5 0.10 0.40 — 20 distillers' grain with solubles 5-02-843 93 3,200 2,820 2,065 27.7 8.4 2.15 34.6 16.3 0.20 0.77 77 21 distillers' solubles 5-02-844 92 3,325 2,945 2,250 26.7 9.1 5.36 24.8 7.5 0.29 1.03 — 22 gluten feed 5-02-903 90 2,990 2,605 1,740 21.5 3.0 1.43 33.3 10.7 0.22 0.83 59 23 gluten meal, 60% CP 5-28-242 90 4,225 3,830 2,550 60.2 2.9 1.17 8.7 4.6 0.05 0.44 15 24 grain 4-02-935 89 3,525 3,420 2,395 8.3 3.9 1.92 9.6 2.8 0.03 0.28 14 25 grits by-product (Hominy Feed) 4-03-011 90 3,355 3,210 2,260 10.3 6.7 2.97 28.5 8.1 0.05 0.43 14   Cottonseed 26 meal, mech. extr., 41% CP 5-01-617 92 2,945 2,690 1,870 42.4 6.1 3.15 25.7 18.0 0.23 1.03 — 27 meal, sol. extr. 41% CP 5-07-872 90 2,575 2,315 1,325 41.4 1.5 0.51 28.4 19.4 0.19 1.06 1   Fababean (Broadbean)                           28 seeds 5-09-262 87 3,245 3,045 2,000 25.4 1.4 0.62 13.7 9.7 0.11 0.48 —   Feather 29 meal, hydrolyzed 5-03-795 93 2,990 2,485 2,250 84.5 4.6 0.83 — — 0.33 0.50 31   Fish 30 Anchovy meal, mech. extr. 5-01-985 92 3,230 2,695 1,695d 64.6 7.9 0.27 — — 3.93 2.55 — 31 Herring meal, mech. extr. 5-02-000 93 3,960 3,260 2,020 68.1 9.2 0.15 — — 2.40 1.76 — 32 Menhaden meal, mech. extr. 5-02-009 92 3,770 3,360 2,335 62.3 9.4 0.12 — — 5.21 3.04 94 33 White meal, mech. extr. 5-02-025 91 3,395 2,810 2,020 63.3 4.8 0.08 — — 6.65 3.59 — 34 solubles, condensed 5-01-969 51 1,910 1,625 995d 32.7 5.6 — — — 0.22 0.59 — 35 solubles, dried 5-01-971 92 3,310 3,045 1,770 64.2 7.4 0.12 — — 0.55 1.25 —   Flax (Linseed) 36 meal, sol. extr. 5-02-048 90 3,060 2,710 1,840 33.6 1.8 0.36 23.9 15.0 0.39 0.83 —   Lentil 37 seeds 5-02-506 89 3,540 3,450 2,205 24.4 1.3 0.41 10.1 5.4 0.10 0.38 —   Lupin (Sweet White)                           38 seeds 5-27-717 89 3,450 3,305 2,130 34.9 9.2 1.62 20.3 16.7 0.22 0.51 —   Meat 39 meal rendered 5-00-385 94 2,695 2,595 2,175 54.0 12.0 0.80 31.6 8.3 7.69 3.88 — 40 meal rendered with bone 5-00-388 93 2,440 2,225 1,355 51.5 10.9 0.72 32.5 5.6 9.99 4.98 90f   Milk (Cattle) 41 skim, dried 5-01-175 96 3,980 3,715 2,360 34.6 0.9 0.01 — — 1.31 1.00 91   Millet (Proso) 42 grain 4-03-120 90 3,020 2,950 2,095 11.1 3.5 1.92 15.8 13.8 0.03 0.31 —

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--> Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) DE (kcal/kg) ME (kcal/kg) NE (kcal/kg) Crude Protein (%) Crude Fat (%) Linoleic Acid (%) NDF (%) ADF (%) Calcium (%) Phosphorus (%) Bioavail ability of Phosphorusc(%)   Oat                           43 grain 4-03-309 89 2,770 2,710 1,760 11.5 4.7 1.62 27.0 13.5 0.07 0.31 22 44 grain, naked 4-25-101 86 3,480 3,410 2,160d 17.1 6.5 2.52 9.9 3.7 0.08 0.38 — 45 groat 4-03-331 90 3,690 3,465 2,310 13.9 6.2 2.40 — — 0.08 0.41 13   Pea                           46 seeds 5-03-600 89 3,435 3,210 2,195 22.8 1.2 0.47 12.7 7.2 0.11 0.39 —   Peanut (Groundnut)                           47 meal, mech. extr. 5-03-649 92 3,895 3,560 2,280 43.2 6.5 1.73 14.6 9.1 0.17 0.59 — 48 meal, sol. extr. 5-03-650 92 3,415 3,245 2,170 49.1 1.2 0.30 16.2 12.2 0.22 0.65 12   Potato                           49 protein concentrate 5-25-392 91 4,140 3,880 2,040 73.8 1.7 — 1.8 — 0.17 0.19 —   Poultry                           50 by-product, meal rendered 5-03-798 93 3,090 2,860 1,945d 64.1 12.6 2.54 — — 4.46 2.41 —   Rice                           51 bran 4-03-928 90 3,100 2,850 2,040 13.3 13.0 4.12 23.7 13.9 0.07 1.61 25   grain, polished and broken                           52 (Brewers' Rice) 4-03-932 89 3,565 3,350 2,295 7.9 1.0 0.28 12.2 3.1 0.04 0.18 — 53 polishings 4-03-943 90 3,770 3,350 2,070d 13.0 13.7 3.58 — 4.0 0.09 1.18 —   Rye                           54 grain 4-04-047 88 3,270 3,060 2,300 11.8 1.6 0.76 12.3 4.6 0.06 0.33 —   Safflower                           55 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-110 92 2,840 2,170 870 23.4 1.4 0.84 55.9 38.8 0.34 0.75 — 56 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-07-959 92 3,055 2,910 1,585 42.5 1.3 0.74 25.9 18.0 0.37 1.31 —   Sesame                           57 meal, mech. extr. 5-04-220 93 3,350 3,035 2,090 42.6 7.5 3.07 18.0 13.2 1.90 1.22 —   Sorghum                           58 grain 4-20-893 89 3,380 3,340 2,255 9.2 2.9 1.13 18.0 8.3 0.03 0.29 20   Soybean                           59 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-604 89 3,490 3,180 1,935 43.8 1.5 0.69 13.3 9.4 0.32 0.65 31 60 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-04-612 90 3,685 3,380 2,020 47.5 3.0 0.60 8.9 5.4 0.34 0.69 23 61 protein concentrate — 90 4,100 3,500 2,000d 64.0 3.0 — — — 0.35 0.81 — 62 protein isolate 5-08-038 92 4,150 3,560 2,000 85.8 0.6 — — — 0.15 0.65 — 63 seeds, heat processed 5-04-597 90 4,140 3,690 2,880 35.2 18.0 9.13 13.9 8.0 0.25 0.59 —   Sunflower                           64 meal, sol. extr. 5-09-340 90 2,010 1,830 1,230 26.8 1.3 0.98 42.4 30.3 0.36 0.86 3 65 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-04-739 93 2,840 2,735 1,635 42.2 2.9 1.07 27.8 18.4 0.37 1.01 —   Triticale                           66 grain 4-20-362 90 3,320 3,180 2,420 12.5 1.8 0.71 12.7 3.8 0.05 0.33 46   Wheat                           67 bran 4-05-190 89 2,420 2,275 1,400 15.7 4.0 1.80 42.1 13.0 0.16 1.20 29 68 grain, hard red spring 4-05-258 88 3,400 3,250 1,925d 14.1 2.0 — — — 0.05 0.36 — 69 grain, hard red winter 4-05-268 88 3,365 3,210 2,225 13.5 2.0 0.93 13.5 4.0 0.06 0.37 50 70 grain, soft red winter 4-05-294 88 3,450 3,305 2,400 11.5 1.9 — — — 0.04 0.39 50 71 grain, soft white winter 4-05-337 89 3,400 3,285 2,375 11.8 2.1 0.83 12.0 3.7 0.05 0.35 — 72 middlings, < 9.5% fiber 4-05-205 89 3,075 3,025 1,560 15.9 4.2 1.74 35.6 10.7 0.12 0.93 41 73 red dog, < 4% fiber 4-05-203 88 3,140 2,925 2,090 15.3 3.3 — 18.7 4.3 0.07 0.57 — 74 shorts, < 7% fiber 4-05-201 88 2,985 2,820 2,120 16.0 4.6 1.90 28.4 8.6 0.09 0.84 —   Whey                           75 dried 4-01-182 96 3,335 3,190 2,215 12.1 0.9 0.01 — — 0.75 0.72 97 76 low lactose, dried 4-01-186 96 3,045 2,910 2,030 17.6 1.1 0.04 — — 2.00 1.37 — 77 permeate, dried — 96 3,435 3,300 2,260d 3.8 0.2 — — — 0.86 0.66 —   Yeast, Brewers'                           78 dried 7-05-527 93 3,325 3,025 2,075 45.9 1.7 0.04 4.0 3.0 0.16 1.44 —   Yeast, Torula                           79 dried 7-05-534 93 3,110 2,765 1,985 46.4 2.4 0.05 — — 0.58 1.52 — a Dash indicates that no data were available. b First digit is class of feed: 1, dry forages and roughages; 2, pasture, range plants, and forages fed green; 3, silages; 4, energy feeds; 5, protein supplements; 6, minerals; 7, vitamins; 8, additives; the other five digits are the International Feed Number. c Estimated bioavailability, relative to that in monosodium or monocalcium phosphate. d Based on chemical composition using Equation 1-12 in Chapter 1. e DE, ME, and NE of spray dried plasma and spray dried blood cells have not been determined experimentally and composition data are insufficient to accurately determine calculated values. f Some meat and bone meals may have phosphorus bioavailabilities of 70% or less.

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--> TABLE 11-2 Mineral Composition of Some Feed Ingredients Commonly Used for Swine (data on as-fed basis)a Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Calcium (%) Phosphorus (%) Sodium (%) Chlorine (%) Potassium (%) Magnesium (%) Sulfur (%) Copper (mg/kg) Iron (mg/kg) Manganese (mg/kg) Seleniumc (mg/kg) Zinc (mg/kg)   Alfalfa                             01 meal dehydrated, 17% CP 1-00-023 92 1.53 0.26 0.09 0.47 2.30 0.23 0.29 10 333 32 0.34 24 02 meal dehydrated, 20% CP 1-00-024 92 1.61 0.28 0.09 0.47 2.40 0.36 0.26 11 346 42 0.29 21   Bakery Waste                             03 dried bakery product 4-00-466 91 0.13 0.25 1.14 1.48 0.39 0.24 0.02 5 28 65 — 15   Barley                             04 grain, two row 4-00-572 89 0.06 0.35 0.04 0.12 0.45 0.14 0.15 7 78 18 0.19 25 05 grain, six row 4-00-574 89 0.06 0.36 0.02 0.15 0.47 0.12 0.15 8 88 16 0.10 15 06 grain, hulless 4-00-552 88 0.04 0.45 0.02 0.10 0.44 0.12 0.12 5 56 16 — 27   Beet, Sugar                             07 pulp, dried 4-00-669 91 0.70 0.10 0.20 0.10 0.61 0.22 0.31 11 411 46 0.09 12   Blood                             08 meal, conventional 5-00-380 92 0.37 0.27 0.50 0.30 0.11 0.11 0.48 11 1,922 6 0.58 38 09 meal, flash dried 5-26-006 92 0.21 0.21 0.29 0.38 0.14 0.21 0.45 6 2,341 10 — 16 10 meal, spray or ring dried 5-00-381 93 0.41 0.30 0.44 0.25 0.15 0.11 0.47 8 2,919 6 — 30 11 plasma, spray dried — 91 0.15 1.71 3.02 1.50 0.20 0.34 — — 55 — — — 12 cells, spray dried — 92 0.02 0.37 0.58 1.40 0.62 — — — 2,700 — — —   Brewers' Grains                             13 dried 5-02-141 92 0.32 0.56 0.26 0.15 0.08 0.16 0.31 21 250 38 0.70 62   Buckwheat, Common                             14 grain 4-00-994 88 0.09 0.31 0.05 0.05 0.41 0.09 0.14 10 44 34 0.18 9   Canola (Rapeseed)                             15 meal, sol. extr. 5-06-145 90 0.63 1.01 0.07 0.11 1.22 0.51 0.85 6 142 49 1.10 69   Casein                             16 dried 5-01-162 91 0.61 0.82 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.60 4 14 4 0.16 30   Cassava (Tapioca or Manioc)                             17 meal, dehydrated 4-01-152 88 0.22 0.13 0.03 0.07 0.49 0.11 0.50 4 18 28 0.10 10   Coconut (Copra)                             18 meal, sol. extr. 5-01-573 92 0.16 0.58 0.04 0.37 1.83 0.31 0.31 25 486 69 — 49   Corn, Yellow                             19 distillers' grain 5-02-842 94 0.10 0.40 0.09 0.08 0.17 0.25 0.43 45 220 22 0.40 55 20 distillers' grains with solubles 5-02-843 93 0.20 0.77 0.25 0.20 0.84 0.19 0.30 57 257 24 0.39 80 21 distillers' solubles 5-02-844 92 0.29 1.03 0.26 0.25 1.50 0.64 0.37 83 560 74 0.33 85 22 gluten feed 5-02-903 90 0.22 0.83 0.15 0.22 0.98 0.33 0.22 48 460 24 0.27 70 23 gluten meal, 60% CP 5-28-242 90 0.05 0.44 0.02 0.06 0.18 0.08 0.43 26 282 4 1.00 33 24 grain 4-02-935 89 0.03 0.28 0.02 0.05 0.33 0.12 0.13 3 29 7 0.07 18 25 grits by-product (Hominy Feed) 4-03-011 90 0.05 0.43 0.08 0.07 0.61 0.24 0.03 13 67 15 0.10 30   Cottonseed                             26 meal, mech. extr. 41% CP 5-01-617 92 0.23 1.03 0.04 0.04 1.34 0.52 0.40 19 160 23 0.90 64 27 meal, sol. extr. 41% CP 5-07-872 90 0.19 1.16 0.04 0.05 1.40 0.50 0.31 18 184 20 0.80 70   Fababean (Broadbean)                             28 seeds 5-09-262 87 0.11 0.48 0.03 0.07 1.20 0.15 0.29 11 75 15 0.02 42   Feather                             29 meal, hydrolyzed 5-03-795 93 0.33 0.50 0.34 0.26 0.19 0.20 1.39 10 76 10 0.69 111   Fish                             30 Anchovy meal, mech. extr. 5-01-985 92 3.93 2.55 0.88 1.02 0.75 0.24 0.77 9 220 10 1.36 103 31 Herring meal, mech. extr. 5-02-000 93 2.40 1.76 0.61 1.12 1.01 0.18 0.69 6 181 8 1.93 132 32 Menhaden meal, mech. extr. 5-02-009 92 5.21 3.04 0.40 0.55 0.70 0.16 0.45 11 440 37 2.10 147 33 White meal, mech. extr. 5-02-025 91 6.65 3.59 0.78 1.28 0.85 0.18 0.48 6 299 12 1.62 90 34 solubles, condensed 5-01-969 51 0.22 0.59 0.21 2.70 1.61 0.02 0.12 45 160 14 2.00 38 35 solubles, dried 5-01-971 92 0.55 1.25 0.37 6.29 2.03 0.30 0.40 35 300 50 2.20 76   Flax (Linseed)                             36 meal, sol. extr. 5-02-048 90 0.39 0.83 0.13 0.06 1.26 0.54 0.39 22 270 41 0.63 66   Lentil                             37 seeds 5-02-506 89 0.10 0.38 0.02 0.03 0.89 0.12 0.20 10 85 13 0.10 25   Lupin (Sweet White)                             38 seeds 5-27-717 89 0.22 0.51 0.02 0.03 1.10 0.19 0.24 6 54 1,390 0.07 32   Meat                             39 meal rendered 5-00-385 94 9 3.88 0.80 0.97 0.57 0.35 0.45 10 440 10 0.37 94 40 meal rendered with bone 5-00-388 93 9.99 4.98 0.63 0.69 0.65 0.41 0.38 11 606 17 0.31 96   Milk (Cattle)                             41 skim, dried 5-01-175 96 1.31 1.00 0.48 1.00 1.60 0.12 0.32 5 8 2 0.12 42   Millet (Proso)                             42 grain 4-03-120 90 0.03 0.31 0.04 0.03 0.43 0.16 0.14 26 71 30 0.70 18

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--> Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Calcium (%) Phosphorus (%) Sodium (%) Chlorine (%) Potassium (%) Magnesium (%) Sulfur (%) Copper (mg/kg) Iron (mg/kg) Manganese (mg/kg) Seleniumc (mg/kg) Zinc (mg/kg)   Oat                             43 grain 4-03-309 89 0.07 0.31 0.08 0.10 0.42 0.16 0.21 6 85 43 0.30 38 44 grain, naked 4-25-101 86 0.08 0.38 0.02 0.11 0.36 0.12 0.14 4 58 37 0.09 34 45 groat 4-03-331 90 0.08 0.41 0.05 0.09 0.38 0.11 0.20 6 49 32 — —   Pea                             46 seeds 5-03-600 89 0.11 0.39 0.04 0.05 1.02 0.12 0.20 9 65 23 0.38 23   Peanut (Groundnut)                             47 meal, mech, extr. 5-03-649 92 0.17 0.59 0.06 0.03 1.20 0.33 0.29 15 285 39 0.28 47 48 meal, sol. extr. 5-03-650 92 0.22 0.65 0.07 0.04 1.25 0.31 0.30 15 260 40 0.21 41   Potato                             49 protein concentrate 5-25-392 91 0.17 0.19 0.03 0.20 0.80 0.05 0.23 13 40 5 1.00 25   Poultry                             50 by-product, meal rendered 5-03-798 93 4.46 2.41 0.49 0.49 0.53 0.18 0.52 10 442 9 0.88 94   Rice                             51 bran 4-03-928 90 0.07 1.61 0.03 0.07 1.56 0.90 0.18 9 190 228 0.40 30   grain, polished and broken                             52 (Brewers' Rice) 4-03-932 89 0.04 0.18 0.04 0.07 0.13 0.11 0.06 21 18 12 0.27 17 53 polishings 4-03-943 90 0.09 1.18 0.06 0.11 1.11 0.65 0.17 6 160 12 — 26   Rye                             54 grain 4-04-047 88 0.06 0.33 0.02 0.03 0.48 0.12 0.15 7 60 58 0.38 31   Safflower                             55 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-110 92 0.34 0.75 0.05 0.08 0.76 0.35 0.13 10 495 18 — 41 56 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-07-959 92 0.37 1.31 0.04 0.16 1.00 1.02 0.20 9 484 39 — 33   Sesame                             57 meal, mech. extr. 5-04-220 93 1.90 1.22 0.04 0.07 1.10 0.54 0.56 34 93 53 0.21 100   Sorghum                             58 grain 4-20-893 89 0.03 0.29 0.01 0.09 0.35 0.15 0.08 5 45 15 0.20 15   Soybean                             59 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-604 89 0.32 0.65 0.01 0.05 1.96 0.27 0.43 20 202 29 0.32 50 60 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-04-612 90 0.34 0.69 0.02 0.05 2.14 0.30 0.44 20 176 36 0.27 55 61 protein concentrate — 90 0.35 0.81 0.05 — 2.20 0.32 — 13 110 — — 30 62 protein isolate 5-08-038 92 0.15 0.65 0.07 0.02 0.27 0.08 0.71 14 137 5 0.14 34 63 seeds, heat processed 5-04-597 90 0.25 0.59 0.03 0.03 1.70 0.28 0.30 16 80 30 0.11 39   Sunflower                             64 meal, sol. extr. 5-09-340 90 0.36 0.86 0.02 0.10 1.07 0.68 0.30 26 254 41 0.50 66 65 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-04-739 93 0.37 1.01 0.04 0.13 1.27 0.75 0.38 25 200 35 0.32 98   Triticale                             66 grain 4-20-362 90 0.05 0.33 0.03 0.03 0.46 0.10 0.15 8 31 43 — 32   Wheat                             67 bran 4-05-190 89 0.16 1.20 0.04 0.07 1.26 0.52 0.22 14 170 113 0.51 100 68 grain, hard red spring 4-05-258 88 0.05 0.36 0.02 0.09 0.41 0.16 0.17 7 64 42 0.30 43 69 grain, hard red winter 4-05-268 88 0.06 0.37 0.01 0.06 0.49 0.13 0.15 6 39 34 0.33 40 70 grain, soft red winter 4-05-294 88 0.04 0.39 0.01 0.08 0.46 0.11 0.16 8 32 38 0.28 47 71 grain, soft white winter 4-05-337 89 0.05 0.35 0.01 0.07 0.44 0.15 0.18 7 60 37 0.26 28 72 middlings, < 9.5% fiber 4-05-205 89 0.12 0.93 0.05 0.04 1.06 0.41 0.17 10 84 100 0.72 92 73 red dog, < 4% fiber 4-05-203 88 0.07 0.57 0.04 0.10 0.63 0.16 0.24 6 46 55 0.30 65 74 shorts, < 7% fiber 4-05-201 88 0.09 0.84 0.02 0.04 1.06 0.25 0.20 12 100 89 0.75 100   Whey                             75 dried 4-01-182 96 0.75 0.72 0.94 1.40 1.96 0.13 0.72 13 130 3 0.12 10 76 low lactose, dried 4-01-186 96 2.00 1.37 1.85 3.43 4.68 0.25 1.59 3 85 8 0.06 11 77 permeate, dried — 96 0.86 0.66 1.00 2.23 2.10 — — — — — — —   Yeast, Brewers'                             78 dried 7-05-527 93 0.16 1.44 0.10 0.12 1.80 0.23 0.40 33 215 8 1.00 49   Yeast, Torula                             79 dried 7-05-534 93 0.58 1.52 0.07 0.12 1.94 0.20 0.55 17 222 13 0.02 99 a Dash indicates that no data were available. b First digit is class of feed: 1, dry forages and roughages; 2, pasture, range plants, and forages fed green; 3, silages; 4, energy feeds; 5, protein supplements; 6, minerals; 7, vitamins; 8, additives; the other five digits are the International Feed Number. c Selenium values are extremely dependent on soil conditions and some values may differ substantially from those presented here.

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--> TABLE 11-3 Vitamin Composition of Some Feed Ingredients Commonly Used for Swine (data on as-fed basis)a Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Biotin (mg/kg) Choline (mg/kg) Folacin (mg/kg) Niacinc (mg/kg) Panto thenic Acid (mg/kg) Riboflavin (mg/kg) Thiamin (mg/kg) Vitamin B6 (mg/kg) Vitamin B12 (µg/kg) Vitamin Ed (mg/kg) Beta Carotenee (mg/kg)   Alfalfa                           01 meal dehydrated, 17% CP 1-00-023 92 0.54 1,401 4.36 38 29.0 13.6 3.4 6.5 0 49.8 94.6 02 meal dehydrated, 20% CP 1-00-024 92 0.54 1,419 4.36 45 34.0 15.2 5.8 8.0 0 49.8 94.6   Bakery Waste                           03 dried bakery product 4-00-466 91 0.07 923 0.20 26 8.3 1.4 2.9 4.3 0 — 4.2   Barley                           04 grain, two row 4-00-572 89 0.14 1.034 0.31 55 8.0 1.8 4.5 5.0 0 7.4 4.1 05 grain, six row 4-00-574 89 0.15 1,034 0.40 48 7.0 1.6 4.0 2.9 0 7.4 4.1 06 grain, hulless 4-00-552 88 0.07 — 0.62 48 6.8 1.8 4.3 5.6 0 6.0 —   Beet, Sugar                           07 pulp, dried 4-00-669 91 — 818 — 18 1.3 0.7 0.4 1.9 0 13.2 10.6   Blood                           08 meal, conventional 5-00-380 92 0.03 852 0.10 31 2.0 2.4 0.4 4.4 44 1.0 — 09 meal, flash dried 5-26-006 92 0.08 781 0.10 23 1.0 1.4 1.0 4.4 44 1.0 — 10 meal, spray or ring dried 5-00-381 93 0.28 485 0.40 23 3.7 3.2 0.3 4.4 — 1.0 — 11 plasma, spray dried — 91 — — — — — — — — — — — 12 cells, spray dried — 92 — — — — — — — — — — —   Brewers' Grains                           13 dried 5-02-141 92 0.24 1,723 7.10 43 8.0 1.4 0.6 0.7 0 — 0.2   Buckwheat, Common                           14 grain 4-00-994 88 0.06 440 0.64 19 12.0 5.5 4.0 3.0 0 — —   Canola (Rapeseed)                           15 meal, sol. extr. 5-06-145 90 0.98 6,700 0.83 160 9.5 5.8 5.2 7.2 0 13.4 —   Casein                           16 dried 5-01-167 91 0.04 205 0.51 1 2.7 1.5 0.4 0.4 — — —   Cassava (Tapioca or Manioc)                           17 meal, dehydrated 4-01-152 88 0.05 — — 3 0.3 0.8 1.6 0.7 0 0.2 —   Coconut (Copra)                           18 meal, sol. extr. 5-01-573 92 0.25 1,089 0.30 28 6.5 3.5 0.7 4.4 — 7.7 —   Corn, Yellow                           19 distillers' grains 5-02-842 94 0.49 1,180 0.90 37 11.7 5.2 1.7 4.4 0 12.9 3.0 20 distillers' grains with solubles 5-02-843 93 0.78 2,637 0.90 75 14.0 8.6 2.9 8.0 0 — 3.5 21 distillers' solubles 5-02-844 92 1.66 4,842 1.10 116 21.0 17.0 6.9 8.8 3 — — 22 gluten feed 5-02-903 90 0.14 1,518 0.28 66 17.0 2.4 2.0 13.0 0 8.5 1.0 23 gluten meal, 60% CP 5-28-242 90 0.15 330 0.13 55 3.5 2.2 0.3 6.9 0 6.7 — 24 grain 4-02-935 89 0.06 620 0.15 24c 6.0 1.2 3.5 5.0 0 8.3 0.8 25 grits by-product (Hominy Feed) 4-03-011 90 0.13 1,155 0.21 47 8.2 2.1 8.1 11.0 0 6.5 9.0   Cottonseed                           26 meal, mech. extr. 41% CP 5-01-617 92 0.30 2,753 1.65 38 10.0 5.1 6.4 5.3 0 35.0 0.2 27 meal, sol. extr. 41% CP 5-07-872 90 0.30 2,933 1.65 40 12.0 5.9 7.0 5.1 0 14.0 0.2   Fababean (Broadbean)                           28 seeds 5-09-262 87 0.09 1,670 — 26 3.0 2.9 5.5 — 0 0.8 —   Feather                           29 meal, hydrolyzed 5-03-795 93 0.13 891 0.20 21 10.0 2.1 0.1 3.0 78 7.3 —   Fish                           30 Anchovy meal, mech. extr. 5-01-985 92 0.13 4,408 0.37 100 15.0 7.1 0.3 4.0 280 5.0 — 31 Herring meal, mech. extr. 5-02-000 93 0.13 5,306 0.37 93 17.0 9.9 0.4 4.8 403 15.0 — 32 Menhaden meal, mech. extr. 5-02-009 92 0.13 3,056 0.37 55 9.0 4.9 0.5 4.0 143 5.0 — 33 White meal, mech. extr. 5-02-025 91 0.13 3,099 0.37 59 9.9 9.1 1.7 5.9 90 5.0 — 34 solubles, condensed 5-01-969 51 0.18 3,519 0.02 169 35.0 14.6 5.5 12.2 347 — — 35 solubles, dried 5-01-971 92 0.26 5,507 0.60 271 55.0 15.6 7.4 23.8 401 — —   Flax (Linseed)                           36 meal, sol. extr. 5-02-048 90 0.41 1,512 1.30 33 14.7 2.9 7.5 6.0 0 2.0 0.2   Lentil                           37 seeds 5-02-506 89 0.13 — 0.70 22 14.9 2.4 3.9 5.5 0 0.0 1.0   Lupin (Sweet White)                           38 seeds 5-27-717 89 0.05 — — — — — — — — 7.5 —   Meat                           39 meal rendered 5-00-385 94 0.08 2,077 0.50 57 5.0 4.7 0.6 2.4 80 1.2 — 40 meal rendered with bone 5-00-388 93 0.08 1,996 0.41 49 4.1 4.7 0.4 4.6 90 1.6 —   Milk (Cattle)                           41 skim, dried 5-01-175 96 0.25 1,393 0.47 12 36.4 19.1 3.7 4.1 36 4.1 —   Millet (Proso)                           42 grain 4-03-120 90 0.16 440 0.23 23 11.0 3.8 7.3 5.8 0 — —

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--> Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Biotin (mg/kg) Choline (mg/kg) Folacin (mg/kg) Niacinc (mg/kg) Pantothenic Acid (mg/kg) Riboflavin (mg/kg) Thiamin (mg/kg) Vitamin B6 (mg/kg) Vitamin B12 (µg/kg) Vitamin Ed (mg/kg) Beta-Carotenee (mg/kg)   Oat                           43 grain 4-03-309 89 0.24 946 0.30 19c 13.0 1.7 6.0 2.0 0 7.8 3.7 44 grain, naked 4-25-101 86 0.12 1,240 0.50 20c 7.1 1.3 5.2 9.6 0 2.0 — 45 groat 4-03-331 90 0.20 1,139 0.50 14 13.4 1.5 6.5 1.1 0 — —   Pea                           46 seeds 5-03-600 89 0.15 547 0.20 31 18.7 1.8 4.6 1.0 0 0.2 1.0   Peanut (Groundnut)                           47 meal, mech. extr. 5-03-649 92 0.35 1,848 0.70 166 47.0 5.2 7.1 7.4 0 2.7 — 48 meal, sol. extr. 5-03-650 92 0.39 1,854 0.50 170 53.0 7.0 5.7 6.0 0 2.7 —   Potato                           49 protein concentrate 5-25-392 91 — — — — — — — — — — —   Poultry                           50 by-product, meal rendered 5-03-798 93 0.09 6,029 0.50 47 11.1 10.5 0.2 4.4 — — —   Rice                           51 bran 4-03-928 90 0.35 1,135 2.20 293 23.0 2.5 22.5 26.0 0 9.7 — 52 grain, polished and broken 4-03-932   0.08 1,003 0.20 25 3.3 0.4 1.4 28.0 0 2.0 —   (Brewers' Rice)   89                       53 polishings 4-03-943 90 0.37 1,237 0.20 520 47.0 1.8 19.8 27.6 0 61.0 0.1   Rye                           54 grain 4-04-047 88 0.08 419 0.60 19 8.0 1.6 3.6 2.6 0 9.0 —   Safflower                           55 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-110 92 1.03 820 0.50 11 33.9 2.3 4.6 12.0 0 16.0 — 56 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-07-959 92 1.03 3,248 1.60 22 39.1 2.4 4.5 11.3 0 16.0 —   Sesame                           57 meal, mech. extr. 5-04-220 93 0.24 1,536 — 30 6.0 3.6 2.8 12.5 0 1.0 0.2   Sorghum                           58 grain 4-20-893 89 0.26 668 0.17 41c 12.4 1.3 3.0 5.2 0 5.0 —   Soybean                           59 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-604 89 0.27 2,794 1.37 34 16.0 2.9 4.5 6.0 0 2.3 0.2 60 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-04-612 90 0.26 2,731 1.37 22 15.0 3.1 3.2 6.4 0 2.3 0.2 61 protein concentrate — 90 — — — — — — — — — — — 62 protein isolate 5-08-038 92 0.30 2 2.50 6 4.2 1.7f 0.3f 5.4f 0 — — 63 seeds, heat processed 5-04-597 90 0.24 2,307 3.60 22 15.0 2.6 11.0 10.8 0 18.1 1.9   Sunflower                           64 meal, sol. extr. 5-09-340 90 1.40 3,791 1.14 264 29.9 3.0 3.0 11.1 0 9.1 — 65 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-04-739 93 1.45 3,150 1.14 220 24.0 3.6 3.5 13.7 0 9.1 —   Triticale                           66 grain 4-20-362 90 — 462 — — — 0.4 — — — 1.7 —   Wheat                           67 bran 4-05-190 89 0.36 1,232 0.63 186 31.0 4.6 8.0 12.0 0 16.5 1.0 68 grain, hard red spring 4-05-258 88 0.11 1,026 0.44 56c 12.5 1.3 5.1 3.6 0 — — 69 grain, hard red winter 4-05-268 88 0.11 778 0.22 48c 9.9 1.4 4.5 3.4 0 11.6 0.4 70 grain, soft red winter 4-05-294 88 0.11 1,092 0.35 48c 9.9 1.4 4.5 2.2 0 — — 71 grain, soft white winter 4-05-337 89 0.11 1,002 0.22 57c 11.0 1.3 4.3 4.0 0 11.6 0.4 72 middlings, < 9.5% fiber 4-05-205 89 0.33 1,187 0.76 72 15.6 1.8 16.5 9.0 0 20.1 3.0 73 red dog, < 4% fiber 4-05-203 88 0.11 1,534 0.80 42 13.3 2.2 22.8 4.6 — — — 74 shorts, < 7% fiber 4-05-201 88 0.24 1,170 1.40 107 22.3 3.3 18.1 7.2 0 — —   Whey                           75 dried 4-01-182 96 0.27 1,820 0.85 10 47.0 27.1 4.1 4.0 23 0.3 — 76 low lactose, dried 4-01-186 96 0.27 3,571 0.69 19 69.0 37.2 5.7 4.4 25 0.3 — 77 permeate, dried — 96 — — — — — — — — — — —   Yeast, Brewers'                           78 dried 7-05-527 93 0.63 3,984 9.90 448 109 37.0 91.8 42.8 1 10.0 —   Yeast, Torula                           79 dried 7-05-534 93 0.58 2,881 22.4 492 84.2 49.9 6.2 36.3 — — — a Dash indicates that no data were available. b First digit is class of feed: 1, dry forages and roughages; 2, pasture, range plants, and forages fed green; 3, silages; 4, energy feeds; 5, protein supplements; 6, minerals; 7, vitamins; 8, additives; the other five digits are the International Feed Number. c The niacin in corn, oats, sorghum, and wheat grain is totally unavailable. The bioavailability of niacin in most by-products produced from these grains is probably also low. d As α-tocopherol. e Conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A: 1 mg of all-trans beta-carotene = 267 IU of vitamin A or 80 µg of vitamin A alcohol (retinol) or 92 µg of retinyl acetate. f The riboflavin, thiamin, and vitamin B6 in soybean protein isolate are totally unavailable.

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--> TABLE 11-4 Amino Acid Composition of Some Feed Ingredients Commonly Used for Swine (data on as-fed basis)a Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Agrinine (%) Histidine (%) Isoleucine (%) Leucine (%) Lysine (%) Methionine (%) Cystine (%) Phenylalanine (%) Tyrosine (%) Threonine (%) Tryptophan (%) Valine (%)   Alfalfa                               01 meal dehydrated, 17% CP 1-00-023 92 17.0 0.71 0.37 0.68 1.21 0.74 0.25 0.18 0.84 0.55 0.70 0.24 0.86 02 meal dehydrated, 20% CP 1-00-024 92 19.6 0.91 0.38 0.89 1.40 0.90 0.34 0.26 0.93 0.60 0.82 0.35 1.05   Bakery Waste                               03 dried bakery product 4-00-466 91 10.8 0.46 0.24 0.38 0.80 0.27 0.18 0.23 0.50 0.36 0.33 0.10 0.46   Barley                               04 grain, two row 4-00-572 89 11.3 0.54 0.25 0.39 0.77 0.41 0.20 0.28 0.55 0.29 0.35 0.11 0.52 05 grain, six row 4-00-574 89 10.5 0.48 0.22 0.37 0.68 0.36 0.17 0.20 0.49 0.32 0.34 0.13 0.49 06 grain, hulless 4-00-552 88 14.9 0.56 0.23 0.41 0.77 0.44 0.16 0.24 0.61 0.40 0.40 0.13 0.55   Beet, Sugar                               07 pulp, dried 4-00-669 91 8.6 0.32 0.23 0.31 0.53 0.52 0.07 0.06 0.30 0.40 0.38 0.10 0.45   Blood                               08 meal, conventional 5-00-380 92 77.1 3.34 5.06 0.91 10.99 7.04 0.99 1.09 5.34 2.29 4.05 1.08 7.05 09 meal, flash dried 5-26-006 92 87.6 3.37 4.57 0.88 11.48 7.56 0.95 1.20 6.41 2.32 4.07 1.06 8.03 10 meal, spray or ring dried 5-00-381 93 88.8 3.69 5.30 1.03 10.81 7.45 0.99 1.04 5.81 2.71 3.78 1.48 7.03 11 plasma, spray dried — 92 78.0 4.55 2.55 2.71 7.61 6.84 0.75 2.63 4.42 3.53 4.72 1.36 4.94 12 cells, spray dried — 92 92.0 3.77 6.99 0.49 12.70 8.51 0.81 0.61 6.69 2.14 3.38 1.37 8.50   Brewers' Grains                               13 dried 5-02-141 92 26.5 1.53 0.53 1.02 2.08 1.08 0.45 0.49 1.22 0.88 0.95 0.26 1.26   Buckwheat, Common                               14 grain 4-00-994 88 11.1 0.92 0.25 0.40 0.64 0.57 0.19 0.23 0.45 0.31 0.41 0.17 0.56   Canola (Rapeseed)                               15 meal, sol. extr. 5-06-145 90 35.6 2.21 0.96 1.43 2.58 2.08 0.74 0.91 1.43 1.13 1.59 0.45 1.82   Casein                               16 dried 5-01-162 91 88.7 3.26 2.82 4.66 8.79 7.35 2.70 0.41 4.79 4.77 3.98 1.14 6.10   Cassava (Tapioca or Manioc)                               17 meal 4-01-152 88 3.3 0.18 0.08 0.11 0.19 0.12 0.04 0.05 0.15 0.04 0.11 0.04 0.14   Coconut (Copra)                               18 meal, sol. extr. 5-01-573 92 21.9 2.38 0.39 0.75 1.36 0.58 0.35 0.29 0.84 0.58 0.67 0.19 1.07   Corn, Yellow                               19 distillers' grain 5-02-842 94 24.8 0.90 0.63 0.95 2.63 0.74 0.43 0.28 0.99 0.82 0.62 0.20 1.24 20 distillers' grain with solubles 5-02-843 93 27.7 1.13 0.69 1.03 2.57 0.62 0.50 0.52 1.34 0.83 0.94 0.25 1.30 21 distillers' solubles, 5-02-844 92 26.7 0.90 0.66 1.21 2.25 0.82 0.51 0.46 1.38 0.80 1.03 0.23 1.50 22 gluten feed 5-02-903 90 21.5 1.04 0.67 0.66 1.96 0.63 0.35 0.46 0.76 0.58 0.74 0.07 1.01 23 gluten meal, 60% CP 5-28-242 90 60.2 1.93 1.28 2.48 10.19 1.02 1.43 1.09 3.84 3.25 2.08 0.31 2.79 24 grain 4-02-935 89 8.3 0.37 0.23 0.28 0.99 0.26 0.17 0.19 0.39 0.25 0.29 0.06 0.39 25 grits by-product (Hominy Feed) 4-03-011 90 10.3 0.56 0.28 0.36 0.98 0.38 0.18 0.18 0.43 0.40 0.40 0.10 0.52   Cottonseed                               26 meal, mech. extr. 41% CP 5-01-617 92 42.4 4.26 1.11 1.29 2.45 1.65 0.67 0.69 1.97 1.23 1.34 0.54 1.76 27 meal, sol. extr. 41% CP 5-07-872 90 41.4 4.55 1.17 1.30 2.47 1.72 0.67 0.70 2.20 1.22 1.36 0.48 1.78   Fababean (Broadbean)                               28 seeds 5-09-262 87 25.4 2.28 0.67 1.03 1.89 1.62 0.20 0.32 1.03 0.87 0.89 0.22 1.14   Feather                               29 meal, hydrolyzed 5-03-795 93 84.5 5.62 0.93 3.86 6.79 2.08 0.61 4.13 4.01 2.41 3.82 0.54 5.88   Fish                               30 Anchovy meal, mech. extr. 5-01-985 92 64.6 3.68 1.56 3.06 5.00 5.11 1.95 0.61 2.66 2.15 2.82 0.76 3.51 31 Herring meal, mech. extr. 5-02-000 93 68.1 4.01 1.52 2.91 5.20 5.46 2.04 0.66 2.75 2.18 3.02 0.74 3.46 32 Menhaden meal, mech. extr. 5-02-009 92 62.9 3.66 1.78 2.57 4.54 4.81 1.77 0.57 2.51 2.04 2.64 0.66 3.03 33 White meal, mech. extr. 5-02-025 91 63.3 4.04 1.34 2.61 4.39 4.51 1.76 0.68 2.32 2.03 2.60 0.66 3.06 34 solubles, condensed 5-01-969 51 32.7 1.61 1.56 1.06 1.86 1.73 0.50 0.30 0.93 0.40 0.86 0.31 1.16 35 solubles, dried 5-01-971 92 64.2 2.67 1.23 1.56 2.68 2.84 0.98 0.49 1.22 0.62 1.40 0.34 1.94   Flax (Linseed)                               36 meal sol. extr. 5-02-048 90 33.6 2.97 0.68 1.56 2.06 1.24 0.59 0.59 1.57 1.03 1.26 0.52 1.74   Lentil                               37 seeds 5-02-506 89 24.4 2.05 0.78 1.00 1.84 1.71 0.18 0.27 1.29 0.70 0.84 0.21 1.27   Lupin (Sweet White)                               38 seeds 5-27-717 89 34.9 3.38 0.77 1.40 2.43 1.54 0.27 0.51 1.22 1.35 1.20 0.26 1.29   Meat                               39 meal rendered 5-00-385 94 54.0 3.60 1.14 1.60 3.84 3.07 0.80 0.60 2.17 1.40 1.97 0.35 2.66 40 meal rendered with bone 5-00-388 93 51.5 3.45 0.91 1.34 2.98 2.51 0.68 0.50 1.62 1.07 1.59 0.28 2.04   Milk (Cattle)                               41 skim, dried 5-01-175 96 34.6 1.24 1.05 1.87 3.67 2.86 0.92 0.30 1.78 1.87 1.62 0.51 2.33

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--> Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Agrinine (%) Histidine (%) Isoleucine (%) Leucine (%) Lysine (%) Methionine (%) Cystine (%) Phenylalanine (%) Tyrosine (%) Threonine (%) Tryptophan (%) Valine (%)   Millet (Proso)                               42 grain 4-03-120 90 11.1 0.41 0.20 0.46 1.24 0.23 0.31 0.18 0.56 0.31 0.40 0.16 0.57   Oat                               43 grain 4-03-309 89 11.5 0.87 0.31 0.48 0.92 0.40 0.22 0.36 0.65 0.41 0.44 0.14 0.66 44 grain, naked 4-25-101 86 17.1 0.77 0.26 0.48 0.86 0.47 0.19 0.32 0.60 0.42 0.40 0.16 0.63 45 groat 4-03-331 90 13.9 0.85 0.24 0.55 0.98 0.48 0.20 0.22 0.66 0.51 0.44 0.18 0.72   Pea                               46 seeds 5-03-600 89 22.8 1.87 0.54 0.86 1.51 1.50 0.21 0.31 0.98 0.71 0.78 0.19 0.98   Peanut (Groundnut)                               47 meal, mech. extr. 5-03-649 92 43.2 4.79 1.01 1.41 2.77 1.48 0.50 0.60 2.02 1.74 1.16 0.41 1.70 48 meal, sol. extr. 5-03-650 92 49.1 5.09 1.06 1.78 2.83 1.66 0.52 0.69 2.35 1.80 1.27 0.48 1.98   Potato                               49 protein concentrate 5-25-392 91 73.8 3.80 1.71 4.09 7.61 5.83 1.68 1.20 4.89 4.27 4.30 1.02 4.89   Poultry                               50 by-product, meal rendered 5-03-798 93 64.1 3.94 1.25 2.01 3.89 3.32 1.11 0.65 2.26 1.56 2.18 0.48 2.51   Rice                               51 bran 4-03-928 90 13.3 1.00 0.34 0.44 0.92 0.57 0.26 0.27 0.56 0.40 0.48 0.14 0.68   grain, polished + broken                               52 (Brewers' Rice) 4-03-932 89 7.9 0.52 0.18 0.34 0.67 0.30 0.18 0.11 0.39 0.38 0.26 0.10 0.49 53 polishings 4-03-943 90 13.0 0.82 0.28 0.43 0.82 0.58 0.23 0.22 0.49 0.44 0.44 0.13 0.75   Rye                               54 grain 4-04-047 88 11.8 0.50 0.24 0.37 0.64 0.38 0.17 0.19 0.50 0.26 0.32 0.12 0.51   Safflower                               55 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-110 92 23.4 2.04 0.59 0.67 1.52 0.74 0.34 0.38 1.07 0.77 0.65 0.33 1.18 56 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-07-959 92 42.5 3.59 1.07 1.69 2.57 1.17 0.66 0.69 2.00 1.08 1.28 0.54 2.33   Sesame                               57 meal, mech. extr. 5-04-220 93 42.6 4.86 0.98 1.47 2.74 1.01 1.15 0.82 1.77 1.52 1.44 0.54 1.85   Sorghum                               58 grain 4-20-893 88 9.2 0.38 0.23 0.37 1.21 0.22 0.17 0.17 0.49 0.35 0.31 0.10 0.46   Soybean                               59 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-604 89 43.8 3.23 1.17 1.99 3.42 2.83 0.61 0.70 2.18 1.69 1.73 0.61 2.06 60 meal without hulls 5-04-612 90 47.5 3.48 1.28 2.16 3.66 3.02 0.67 0.74 2.39 1.82 1.85 0.65 2.27 61 protein concentrate — 90 64.0 5.79 1.80 3.30 5.30 4.20 0.90 1.00 3.40 2.50 2.80 0.90 3.40 62 protein isolate 5-08-038 92 85.8 6.87 2.25 4.25 6.64 5.26 1.01 1.19 4.34 3.10 3.17 1.08 4.21 63 seeds, heat processed 5-04-597 90 35.2 2.60 0.96 1.61 2.75 2.22 0.53 0.55 1.83 1.32 1.41 0.48 1.68   Sunflower                               64 meal, sol. extr. 5-09-340 90 26.8 2.38 0.66 1.29 1.86 1.01 0.59 0.48 1.23 0.76 1.04 0.38 1.49 65 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-04-739 93 42.2 2.93 0.92 1.44 2.31 1.20 0.82 0.66 1.66 1.03 1.33 0.44 1.74   Triticale                               66 grain 4-20-362 90 12.5 0.57 0.26 0.39 0.76 0.39 0.20 0.26 0.49 0.32 0.36 0.14 0.51   Wheat                               67 bran 4-05-190 89 15.7 1.07 0.44 0.49 0.98 0.64 0.25 0.33 0.62 0.43 0.52 0.22 0.72 68 grain, hard red spring 4-05-258 88 14.1 0.67 0.34 0.47 0.93 0.38 0.23 0.30 0.67 0.40 0.41 0.16 0.61 69 grain, hard red winter 4-05-268 88 13.5 0.60 0.32 0.41 0.86 0.34 0.20 0.29 0.60 0.38 0.37 0.15 0.54 70 grain, soft red winter 4-05-294 88 11.5 0.50 0.20 0.45 0.90 0.38 0.22 0.27 0.63 0.37 0.39 0.26 0.57 71 grain, soft white winter 4-05-337 89 11.8 0.55 0.27 0.44 0.79 0.33 0.20 0.28 0.55 0.36 0.35 0.15 0.53 72 middlings, 8 9.5% fiber 4-05-205 89 15.9 0.97 0.44 0.53 1.06 0.57 0.26 0.32 0.70 0.29 0.51 0.20 0.75 73 red dog, 8 4% fiber 4-05-203 88 15.3 0.96 0.41 0.55 1.06 0.59 0.23 0.37 0.66 0.46 0.50 0.10 0.72 74 shorts, 8 7% fiber 4-05-201 88 16.0 1.07 0.43 0.58 1.02 0.70 0.25 0.28 0.70 0.51 0.57 0.22 0.87   Whey                               75 dried 4-01-182 96 12.1 0.26 0.23 0.62 1.08 0.90 0.17 0.25 0.36 0.25 0.72 0.18 0.60 76 low lactose, dried 4-01-186 96 17.6 0.53 0.33 1.16 1.61 1.51 0.39 0.46 0.63 0.52 1.17 0.31 1.15 77 permeate, dried — 96 3.8 0.06 0.05 0.17 0.22 0.18 0.03 0.04 0.06 — 0.14 0.03 0.13   Yeast, Brewers'                               78 dehydrated 7-05-527 93 45.9 2.20 1.09 2.15 3.13 3.22 0.74 0.50 1.83 1.55 2.20 0.56 2.39   Yeast, Torula                               79 dehydrated 7-05-534 93 46.4 2.48 1.09 2.50 3.32 3.47 0.69 0.50 2.33 1.65 2.30 0.51 2.60 a Dash indicates that no data were available. b First digit is class of feed: 1, dry forages and roughages; 2, pasture, range plants, and forages fed green; 3, silages; 4, energy feeds; 5, protein supplements; 6, minerals; 7, vitamins; 8, additives; the other five digits are the International Feed Number.

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--> TABLE 11-5 Apparent Ileal Digestibilities of Amino Acids in Some Feed Ingredients Commonly Used for Swinea Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Agrinine (%) Histidine (%) Isoleucine (%) Leucine (%) Lysine (%) Methionine (%) Cystine (%) Phenylalanine (%) Tyrosine (%) Threonine (%) Tryptophan (%) Valine (%)   Alfalfa                               01 meal dehydrated, 17% CP 1-00-023 92 17.0 64 50 59 63 50 64 20 62 59 51 39 55 02 meal dehydrated, 20% CP 1-00-024 92 19.6 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Bakery Waste                               03 dried bakery product 4-00-466 91 10.8 84 84 84 84 62 84 87 88 — 72 77 81   Barley                               04 grain, two row 4-00-572 89 11.3 78 77 75 78 68 80 76 80 78 66 70 73 05 grain, six row 4-00-574 89 10.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — 06 grain, hulless 4-00-552 88 14.9 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Beet, Sugar                               07 pulp, dried 4-00-669 91 8.6 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Blood                               08 meal, conventional 5-00-380 92 77.1 56 60 55 60 56 42 55 60 — 54 65 54 09 meal, flash dried 5-26-006 92 87.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — 10 meal, spray or ring dried 5-00-381 93 88.8 91 92 71 91 91 85 81 90 88 86 88 90 11 plasma, spray dried — 91 78.0 90 91 85 84 87 64 — 88 — 82 92 86 12 cells, spray dried — 92 92.0 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Brewers' Grains                               13 dried 5-02-141 92 26.5 81 70 81 73 69 74 67 81 91 70 73 73   Buckwheat, Common                               14 grain 4-00-994 88 11.1 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Canola                               15 meal, sol. extr. 5-06-145 90 35.6 81 80 74 78 74 82 79 76 73 69 73 71   Casein                               16 dried 5-01-162 91 88.7 94 95 92 96 95 96 77 95 96 88 92 94   Cassava (Tapioca or Manioc)                               17 meal 4-01-152 88 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Coconut (Copra)                               18 meal, sol. extr. 5-01-573 92 21.9 81 63 64 68 51 67 54 71 — 51 63 68   Corn, Yellow                               19 distillers' grain 5-02-842 94 24.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — 20 distillers' grain with solubles 5-02-843 93 27.7 72 61 66 76 47 72 57 76 71 55 50 63 21 distillers' solubles 5-02-844 92 26.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — 22 gluten feed 5-02-903 90 21.5 79 69 68 81 51 79 53 80 80 57 47 71 23 gluten meal, 60% CP 5-28-242 90 60.2 87 82 84 88 75 87 79 86 84 80 81 82 24 grain 4-02-935 89 8.3 83 82 79 88 66 86 78 83 83 69 64 79 25 grits by-product (Hominy Feed) 4-03-011 90 10.3 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Cottonseed                               26 meal, mech. extr. 41% CP 5-01-617 92 42.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — 27 meal, sol. extr. 41% CP 5-07-872 90 41.4 88 77 69 70 61 73 68 81 77 63 67 71   Fababean (Broadbean)                               28 seeds 5-09-262 87 25.4 89 85 80 82 84 73 65 78 79 75 68 78   Feather                               29 meal, hydrolyzed 5-03-795 93 84.5 81 56 81 80 54 65 71 82 73 74 63 80   Fish                               30 Anchovy meal, mech. extr. 5-01-985 92 64.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — 31 Herring meal, mech. extr. 5-02-000 93 68.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — 32 Menhaden meal, mech. extr. 5-02-009 92 62.9 90 86 87 88 89 88 73 85 86 85 79 85 33 White meal, mech. extr. 5-02-025 91 63.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — 34 solubles, condensed 5-01-969 51 32.7 — 90 88 91 92 92 61 91 82 88 63 88 35 solubles, dried 5-01-971 92 64.2 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Flax (Linseed)                               36 meal sol. extr. 5-02-048 90 33.6 86 72 75 68 70 76 — 78 — 63 75 74   Lentil                               37 seeds 5-02-506 89 24.4 81 76 75 76 83 79 — 71 — 70 — 72   Lupin (Sweet White)                               38 seeds 5-27-717 89 34.9 91 85 82 81 78 65 78 82 81 74 — 77   Meat                               39 meal rendered 5-00-385 94 54.0 88 82 82 82 83 85 55 83 79 79 73 79 40 meal rendered with bone 5-00-388 93 51.5 81 75 74 76 74 79 55 76 71 70 60 74   Milk (Cattle)                               41 skim, dried 5-01-175 96 34.6 89 93 86 93 91 92 81 93 94 85 90 87

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--> Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Agrinine (%) Histidine (%) Isoleucine (%) Leucine (%) Lysine (%) Methionine (%) Cystine (%) Phenylalanine (%) Tyrosine (%) Threonine (%) Tryptophan (%) Valine (%)   Millet (Proso)                               42 grain 4-03-120 90 11.1 82 85 83 87 74 72 82 85 — 75 84 81   Oat                               43 grain 4-03-309 89 10.8 85 81 74 78 70 79 69 81 76 59 72 73 44 grain, naked 4-25-101 86 17.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — 45 groat 4-03-331 90 13.9 86 83 83 83 79 85 80 86 82 76 80 82   Pea                               46 seeds 5-03-600 89 22.8 87 83 79 80 84 78 68 81 83 73 70 76   Peanut (Groundnut)                               47 meal, mech. extr. 5-03-649 92 43.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — 48 meal, sol. extr. 5-03-650 92 49.1 93 81 83 85 78 85 77 89 91 74 73 82   Potato                               49 protein concentrate 5-25-392 91 73.8 83 84 80 83 79 83 56 82 78 78 59 78   Poultry                               50 by-product, meal rendered 5-03-798 93 64.1 85 76 77 78 78 74 70 80 71 72 74 74   Rice                               51 bran grain, polished + broken 4-03-928 91 13.3 85 78 64 65 72 74 66 68 77 61 64 66 52 (Brewers' Rice) 4-03-932 89 7.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — 53 polishings 4-03-943 90 13.0 82 80 62 65 68 71 61 64 68 61 61 63   Rye                               54 grain 4-04-047 88 11.8 73 71 68 71 64 76 74 76 65 59 67 67   Safflower                               55 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-110 92 23.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — 56 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-07-959 92 42.5 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Sesame                               57 meal, mech. extr. 5-04-220 93 42.6 94 76 85 85 76 90 86 89 87 78 85 84   Sorghum                               58 grain 4-20-893 88 9.2 78 73 80 86 62 81 79 81 83 68 75 78   Soybean                               59 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-604 89 43.8 91 86 84 84 85 86 77 85 86 78 80 81 60 meal without hulls 5-04-612 90 47.5 90 86 84 84 85 86 79 84 85 78 81 81 61 protein concentrate — 90 64.0 97 95 93 93 93 91 90 94 93 90 89 91 62 protein isolate 5-08-038 92 85.8 91 88 90 92 88 — — 88 89 85 — 86 63 seeds, heat processed 5-04-597 90 35.2 89 82 78 80 81 78 76 82 85 77 75 76   Sunflower                               64 meal, sol. extr. 5-09-340 90 26.8 90 79 79 79 75 88 75 82 83 74 79 77 65 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-04-739 93 42.2 89 79 78 77 74 87 74 80 77 71 76 75   Triticale                               66 grain 4-20-362 90 12.5 85 84 80 82 76 85 83 84 81 69 74 79   Wheat                               67 bran 4-05-190 89 15.7 83 76 69 71 69 76 70 76 75 60 65 70 68 grain, hard red spring 4-05-258 88 14.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — 69 grain, hard red winter 4-05-268 88 13.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — 70 grain, soft red winter 4-05-294 88 11.5 83 84 84 85 73 85 84 87 84 72 81 80 71 grain, soft white winter 4-05-337 89 11.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — 72 middlings, 8 9.5 % fiber 4-05-205 89 15.9 88 76 77 78 75 82 82 83 83 69 77 76 73 red dog, 8 4% fiber 4-05-203 88 15.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — 74 shorts, 8 7% fiber 4-05-201 88 16.0 86 82 77 80 73 81 66 82 78 72 77 76   Whey                               75 dried 4-01-182 96 12.1 86 91 85 89 82 84 86 80 71 79 78 81 76 low lactose, dried 4-01-186 96 17.6 83 92 90 94 85 92 92 92 92 87 92 89 77 permeate, dried — 96 3.8 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Yeast, Brewers'                               78 dehydrated 7-05-527 93 45.9 79 77 74 73 76 72 38 72 61 63 60 70   Yeast, Torula                               79 dehydrated 7-05-534 93 46.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — a Dash indicates that no data were available. b First digit is class of feed: 1, dry forages and roughages; 2, pasture, range plants, and forages fed green; 3, silages; 4, energy feeds; 5, protein supplement; 6, minerals; 7, vitamins; 8, additives; the other five digits are the International Feed Number. Source: Southern (1991), Rhône-Poulenc (1993a), Jondreville et al. (1995), and Heartland Lysine (1995).

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--> TABLE 11-6 True Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Some Feed Ingredients Commonly Used for Swinea Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Agrinine (%) Histidine (%) Isoleucine (%) Leucine (%) Lysine (%) Methionine (%) Cystine (%) Phenylalanine (%) Tyrosine (%) Threonine (%) Tryptophan (%) Valine (%)   Alfalfa                               01 meal dehydrated, 17% CP 1-00-023 92 17.0 74 59 68 71 56 71 37 70 66 63 46 64 02 meal dehydrated 20% CP 1-00-024 92 19.6 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Bakery Waste                               03 dried bakery product 4-00-466 91 10.8 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Barley                               04 grain, two row 4-00-572 89 11.3 86 86 84 86 79 86 86 88 87 81 80 82 05 grain, six row 4-00-574 89 10.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — 06 grain, hulless 4-00-552 88 14.9 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Beet, Sugar                               07 pulp, dried 4-00-669 91 8.6 57 61 60 59 51 64 21 54 51 30 41 42   Blood                               08 meal, conventional 5-00-380 92 77.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — 09 meal, flash dried 5-26-006 92 87.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — 10 meal, spray or ring dried 5-00-381 93 88.8 92 92 88 92 94 96 91 93 93 94 94 91 11 plasma, spray dried — 91 78.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — 12 cells, spray dried — 92 92.0 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Brewers' Grains                               13 dried 5-02-141 92 26.5 95 84 89 88 82 90 77 92 94 81 83 86   Buckwheat, Common                               14 grain 4-00-994 88 11.1 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Canola                               15 meal, sol. extr. 5-06-145 90 35.6 85 85 78 81 78 86 83 82 79 76 75 77   Casein                               16 dried 5-01-162 91 88.7 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Cassava (Tapioca or Manioc)                               17 meal 4-01-152 88 3.3 91 76 29 75 64 82 62 76 66 69 — 74   Coconut (Copra)                               18 meal, sol. extr. 5-01-573 92 21.9 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Corn, Yellow                               19 distillers' grain 5-02-842 94 24.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — 20 distillers' grain with solubles 5-02-843 93 27.7 77 61 73 79 59 75 60 79 77 65 — 67 21 distillers' solubles 5-02-844 92 26.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — 22 gluten feed 5-02-903 90 21.5 87 78 80 85 66 83 59 87 84 71 64 77 23 gluten meal, 60% CP 5-28-242 90 60.2 89 80 84 88 80 90 82 85 87 84 63 80 24 grain 4-02-935 89 8.3 89 87 87 92 78 90 86 90 89 82 84 87 25 grits by-product (Hominy Feed) 4-03-011 90 10.3 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Cottonseed                               26 meal, mech. extr. 41% CP 5-01-617 92 42.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — 27 meal, sol. extr. 41% CP 5-07-872 90 41.4 89 79 71 73 64 75 69 81 78 68 65 72   Fababean (Broadbean)                               28 seeds 5-09-262 87 25.4 91 87 84 86 87 81 76 85 82 82 75 82   Feather                               29 meal, hydrolyzed 5-03-795 93 84.5 85 74 88 84 67 74 73 86 79 82 86 84   Fish                               30 Anchovy meal, mech. extr. 5-01-985 92 64.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — 31 Herring meal, mech. extr. 5-02-000 93 68.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — 32 Menhaden meal, mech. extr. 5-02-009 92 62.9 94 93 94 94 95 94 88 93 92 88 90 93 33 White meal, mech. extr. 5-02-025 91 63.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — 34 solubles, condensed 5-01-969 51 32.7 98 93 94 96 95 95 78 96 94 95 91 94 35 solubles, dried 5-01-971 92 64.2 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Flax (Linseed)                               36 meal sol. extr. 5-02-048 90 33.6 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Lentil                               37 seeds 5-02-506 89 24.4 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Lupin (Sweet White)                               38 seeds 5-27-717 89 34.9 92 88 83 83 79 68 84 85 85 79 — 80   Meat                               39 meal rendered 5-00-385 94 54.0 86 83 84 83 83 87 58 85 80 82 79 80 40 meal rendered with bone 5-00-388 93 51.5 83 83 82 81 80 83 63 81 78 80 78 79   Milk (Cattle)                               41 skim, dried 5-01-175 96 34.6 92 96 88 97 93 96 89 98 97 92 97 91

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--> Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Agrinine (%) Histidine (%) Isoleucine (%) Leucine (%) Lysine (%) Methionine (%) Cystine (%) Phenylalanine (%) Tyrosine (%) Threonine (%) Tryptophan (%) Valine (%)   Millet (Proso)                               42 grain 4-03-120 90 11.1 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Oat                               43 grain 4-03-309 89 10.8 89 85 80 83 76 84 75 86 82 71 78 79 44 grain, naked 4-25-101 86 17.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — 45 groat 4-03-331 90 13.9 86 82 83 83 79 86 85 84 84 80 82 81   Pea                               46 seeds 5-03-600 89 22.8 90 89 85 86 88 84 79 87 87 83 81 83   Peanut (Groundnut)                               47 meal, mech. extr. 5-03-649 92 43.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — 48 meal, sol. extr. 5-03-650 92 49.1 97 91 92 93 88 89 86 94 95 90 — 91   Potato                               49 protein concentrate 5-25-392 91 73.8 88 86 82 85 81 86 64 85 80 83 66 81   Poultry                               50 by-product, meal rendered 5-03-798 93 64.1 85 78 81 80 80 77 72 81 76 77 — 74   Rice                               51 bran 4-03-928 91 13.3 89 87 69 70 78 77 68 73 81 71 — 69 52 grain, polished + broken (Brewers' Rice) 4-03-932 89 7.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — 53 polishings 4-03-943 90 13.0 85 82 67 69 72 75 65 68 73 67 67 67   Rye                               54 grain 4-04-047 88 11.8 79 78 77 79 73 81 83 82 76 73 75 75   Safflower                               55 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-110 92 23.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — 56 meal, without hulls, sol. extr. 5-07-959 92 42.5 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Sesame                               57 meal, mech. extr. 5-04-220 93 42.6 96 93 91 92 85 92 92 93 91 90 — 89   Sorghum                               58 grain 4-20-893 88 9.2 87 81 87 90 81 89 83 88 87 84 83 87   Soybean                               59 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-604 89 43.8 93 90 88 88 89 91 84 88 90 85 87 86 60 meal without hulls 5-04-612 90 47.5 94 91 89 89 90 91 87 89 90 87 90 88 61 protein concentrate — 90 64.0 99 97 95 95 95 94 94 97 96 94 93 94 62 protein isolate 5-08-038 92 85.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — 63 seeds, heat processed 5-04-597 90 35.2 93 88 84 86 86 85 80 88 87 83 82 83   Sunflower                               64 meal, sol. extr. 5-09-340 90 26.8 93 83 84 85 81 91 81 87 88 82 84 82 65 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-04-739 93 42.2 93 85 84 85 83 90 81 86 88 84 — 82   Triticale                               66 grain 4-20-362 90 12.5 88 84 84 86 81 89 87 85 83 76 88 84   Wheat                               67 bran 4-05-190 89 15.7 87 82 76 78 71 79 77 81 80 70 74 75 68 grain, hard red spring 4-05-258 88 14.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — 69 grain, hard red winter 4-05-268 88 13.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — 70 grain, soft red winter 4-05-294 88 11.5 88 89 89 89 81 90 90 91 89 84 90 86 71 grain, soft white winter 4-05-337 89 11.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — 72 middlings, < 9.5% fiber 4-05-205 89 15.9 95 94 92 93 89 93 91 95 92 88 91 90 73 red dog, < 4% fiber 4-05-203 88 15.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — 74 shorts, < 7% fiber 4-05-201 88 16.0 89 84 81 84 77 85 80 86 83 78 83 81   Whey                               75 dried 4-01-182 96 12.1 48 89 83 87 87 81 85 83 77 79 79 77 76 low lactose, dried 4-01-186 96 17.6 88 95 92 96 87 95 96 96 95 89 95 92 77 permeate, dried — 96 3.8 — — — — — — — — — — — —   Yeast, Brewers'                               78 dehydrated 7-05-527 93 45.9 78 77 72 73 74 71 48 67 64 66 54 66   Yeast, Torula                               79 dehydrated 7-05-534 93 46.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — a Dash indicates that no data were available. b First digit is class of feed: 1, dry forages and roughages; 2, pasture, range plants, and forages fed green; 3, silages; 4, energy feeds; 5, protein supplements; 6, minerals; 7, vitamins; 8, additives; the other five digits are the International Feed Number. Source: Southern (1991), Rhône-Poulenc (1993a), and Jondreville et al. (1995).

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--> TABLE 11-7 Coefficients for Estimation of Amino Acids from Crude Protein Content of Feed Ingredientsa,b Ingredient Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Regression Factors Lysine Tryptophan Theonine Methionine Methionine + Cystine Alfalfa meal 88 17.0 a -0.2140 -0.0350 -0.0850 -0.0720 0.0240       b 0.0561 0.0160 0.0460 0.0188 0.0267       r 0.86 0.89 0.89 0.92 0.92 Bakery waste 88 10.6 a -0.0310 0.0110 -0.0150 -0.0310 +0.0500       b 0.0284 0.0093 0.0311 0.0179 0.0404       r 0.90 0.98 0.97 0.94 0.97 Barley 88 10.6 a 0.1330 0.0230 0.0440 0.0190 0.1010       b 0.0235 0.0095 0.0299 0.0152 0.0301       r 0.83 0.88 0.96 0.92 0.89 Brewers' grains 88 22.8 a 0.1800 0.0690 0.0730 -0.1270 -0.0580       b 0.0295 0.0086 0.0333 0.0250 0.0436       r 0.73 0.90 0.98 0.95 0.93 Canola meal (Rapeseed) 88 34.8 a 0.0520 -0.1750 0.4800 0.1410 -0.0310       b 0.0547 0.0181 0.0303 0.0164 0.0467         0.53 0.71 0.63 0.65 0.72 Coconut meal 88 18.6 a 0.1500 -0.0040 0.0200 -0.0460 -0.0700       b 0.0174 0.0080 0.0297 0.0175 0.0349       r 0.74 0.98 0.92 0.86 0.95 Corn 88 8.5 a 0.0790 0.0210 0.0300 0.0330 0.1290       b 0.0186 0.0047 0.0326 0.0170 0.0283       r 0.62 0.65 0.93 0.70 0.72 Corn distillers' grains with solubles 88 27.7 a 0.0090 — 0.6150 0.2870 —       b 0.0221 — 0.0118 0.0076 —       r 0.94 — 0.70 0.73 — Corn gluten feed 88 18.9 a -0.2440 — -0.1340 -0.0310 —       b 0.0433 — 0.0430 0.0184 —       r 0.64 — 0.88 0.68 — Corn gluten meal 88 60.6 a — -0.0660 0.3030 — —       b — 0.0063 0.0293 — —       r — 0.59 0.76 — — Cottonseed meal 88 41.9 a -0.1250 -0.0510 0.1530 0.1070 -0.0780       b 0.0440 0.0132 0.0289 0.0135 0.0347       r 0.82 0.92 0.88 0.80 0.83 Fababean seeds 88 25.4 a 0.1120 0.0540 0.1920 0.0210 0.1290       b 0.0598 0.0109 0.0278 0.0072 0.0155       r 0.78 0.71 0.88 0.63 0.68 Fishmeal 91 62.9 a -1.9980 -0.3880 -0.7420 -0.6900 -0.5710       b 0.1081 0.0158 0.0537 0.0391 0.0463       r 0.86 0.76 0.85 0.82 0.78 Lupin seeds 88 33.8 a 0.5510 0.0230 0.3550 -0.2020 -0.2470       b 0.0294 0.0069 0.0250 0.0138 0.0303       r 0.86 0.91 0.93 0.91 0.87 Meat and bone meal 91 49.1 a -1.0560 -0.4030 -0.8060 -0.4390 -0.7240       b 0.0729 0.0139 0.0488 0.0228 0.0387       r 0.82 0.76 0.86 0.74 0.70 Meat meal 91 48.8 a -0.8780 -0.3150 -0.5460 -0.2210 -0.5480       b 0.0694 0.0127 0.0447 0.0184 0.0366       r 0.80 0.74 0.86 0.80 0.66 Milk, dried skim 93 35.8 a -0.4360 -0.2320 0.3720 0.1150 0.2720       b 0.0893 0.0102 0.0337 0.0216 0.0252       r 0.75 0.92 0.67 0.65 0.64 Oats 88 12.6 a 0.0780 -0.0170 0.0210 -0.0140 0.0390       b 0.0358 0.0135 0.0329 0.0182 0.0424       r 0.94 0.92 0.98 0.96 0.96 Peanut meal 88 43.2 a 0.2300 -0.0277 0.3780 0.1290 0.1540       b 0.0290 0.0164 0.0181 0.0087 0.0219       r 0.76 0.90 0.93 0.64 0.78 Peas, seeds 88 20.9 a 0.4830 0.0500 0.3490 — —       b 0.0485 0.0066 0.0207 — —       r 0.75 0.64 0.72 — — Potato protein concentrate 88 73.8 a -1.2540 -0.6410 -1.7150 0.3050 —       b 0.0960 0.0226 0.0815 0.0186 —       r 0.50 0.63 0.60 0.50 — Poultry by-product meal 91 57.7 a -0.2600 -0.2830 -0.7270 -0.4940 -0.5660       b 0.0620 0.0135 0.0504 0.0278 0.0404       r 0.72 0.71 0.79 0.75 0.65 Rice bran 88 13.1 a 0.0220 -0.0800 0.0310 -0.0400 0.0040       b 0.0446 0.0182 0.0359 0.0240 0.0425       r 0.96 0.97 0.95 0.94 0.97 Rye 88 9.6 a — 0.0420 0.0740 -0.0130 -0.0240       b — 0.0054 0.0281 0.0194 0.0460       r — 0.61 0.67 0.76 0.77

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--> Ingredient Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Regression Factors Lysine Tryptophan Theonine Methionine Methionine + Cystine Sesame meal 88 41.1 a 0.1540 -0.1680 0.1760 -0.0080 0.0250       b 0.0210 0.0181 0.0308 0.0282 0.0473       r 0.81 0.94 0.94 0.88 0.91 Sorghum grain 88 9.2 a 0.0910 0.0170 0.0320 0.0390 0.0980       b 0.0138 0.0090 0.0302 0.0140 0.0261       r 0.76 0.94 0.98 0.86 0.87 Soybean meal 88 45.6 a -0.0810 0.0580 0.0810 0.0170 0.1470       b 0.0644 0.0118 0.0381 0.0141 0.0263       r 0.78 0.59 0.81 0.65 0.57 Sunflower meal 88 33.5 a 0.1720 -0.0490 0.0360 -0.0570 -0.0160       b 0.0304 0.0134 0.0361 0.0247 0.0411       r 0.86 0.92 0.95 0.93 0.94 Triticale 88 11.6 a 0.2050 0.0260 0.1390 0.0550 0.1310       b 0.0183 0.0081 0.0214 0.0131 0.0309       r 0.61 0.83 0.71 0.780 0.75 Wheat 88 13.3 a -0.0270 0.0310 0.0080 0.0030 0.0750       b 0.0306 0.0091 0.0284 0.0157 0.0322       r 0.77 0.85 0.94 0.92 0.93 Wheat bran 88 15.7 a 0.0400 0.0650 0.0470 0.0030 0.1620       b 0.0381 0.0099 0.0299 0.0155 0.0264       r 0.80 0.50 0.89 0.82 0.80 Wheat middlings 88 15.9 a 0.3230 — 0.1300 0.0690 -0.0250       b 0.0158 — 0.0240 0.0123 0.0387       r 0.41 — 0.96 0.73 0.88 aTo estimate amino acid content, use the equation y = a + bx, where y is the percentage of the amino acid in the sample, x is the percentage of crude protein in the sample, a is the intercept, and b is the regression coefficient. The r-value is the correlation between the two variables. Note that the percentages of crude protein and dry matter may not agree with previous tables because they were obtained from different data sets. bDash indicates that no coefficients were available. Source: Fickler et al. (1995). TABLE 11-8 Mineral Concentrations in Macro Mineral Sources (data on as-fed basis) Entry Number Description International Feed No. Calciuma (%) Phosphorus (%) Phosphorus Bioavailabilityb (%) Sodium (%) Chlorine (%) Potassium (%) Magnesium (%) Sulfur (%) Iron (%) Manganese (%) 01 Bone meal, steamed 6-00-400 29.80 12.50 80 to 90 0.04 — 0.20 0.30 2.40 — 0.03 02 Calcium carbonate 6-01-069 38.50 0.02   0.08 0.02 0.08 1.61 0.08 0.06 0.02 03 Calcium phosphate (dicalcium) 6-01-080 20 to 24 18.50 95 to 100 0.18 0.47 0.15 0.80 0.80 0.79 0.14 04 Calcium phosphate (monocalcium) 6-26-334 17.00 21.10 100 0.20 — 0.16 0.90 0.80 0.75 0.01 05 Calcium sulfate, dihydrate 6-01-090 21.85 —   — — — 0.48 16.19 — — 06 Limestone, groundc 6-02-632 35.84 0.01   0.06 0.02 0.11 2.06 0.04 0.35 0.02 07 Magnesium carbonate 6-02-754 0.02 —   — — — 30.20 — — 0.01 08 Magnesium oxide 6-02-756 1.69 —   — — 0.02 55.00 0.10 1.06 — 09 Magnesium sulfate, heptahydrate 6-02-758 0.02 —   — 0.01 — 9.60 13.04 — — 10 Phosphate, defluorinated 6-01-780 32.00 18.00 85 to 95 3.27 — 0.10 0.29 0.13 0.84d 0.05 11 Phosphate, monoammonium 6-09-338 0.35 24.20 100 0.20 — 0.16 0.75 1.50 0.41 0.01 12 Phosphate, rock curaçao, ground 6-05-586 35.09 14.23 40 to 60 0.20 — — 0.80 — 0.35 — 13 Phosphate, rock, soft 6-03-947 16.09 9.05 30 to 50 0.10 — — 0.38 — 1.92 0.10 14 Potassium chloride 6-03-755 0.05 —   1.00 46.93 51.37 0.23 0.32 0.06 0.001 15 Potassium and magnesium sulfate 6-06-177 0.06 —   0.76 1.25 18.45 11.58 21.97 0.01 0.002 16 Potassium sulfate 6-08-098 0.15 —   0.09 1.50 43.04 0.60 17.64 0.07 0.001 17 Sodium carbonate 6-12-316 — —   43.30 — — — — — — 18 Sodium bicarbonate 6-04-272 0.01 —   27.00 — 0.01 — — — — 19 Sodium chloride 6-04-152 0.30 —   39.50 59.00 — 0.005 0.20 0.01 — 20 Sodium phosphate, dibasic 6-04-286 — 21.15 100 31.04 — — — — — — 21 Sodium phosphate, monobasic 6-04-288 0.09 24.94 100 18.65 0.02 0.01 0.01 — — — 22 Sodium sulfate, decahydrate 6-04-291 — —   13.80 — — — 9.70 — — NOTE: The mineral supplements used as feed supplements are not chemically pure compounds, and the composition may vary substantially among sources. The supplier's analysis should be used if it is available. For example, feed-grade dicalcium phosphate contains some monocalcium phosphate and feed-grade monocalcium phosphate contains some dicalcium phosphate. Dashes indicate that no data were available. a Estimates suggest 90 to 100% bioavailability of calcium in most sources of monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, defluorinated phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, and calcitic limestone. The calcium in high-magnesium limestone or dolomitic limestone is less bioavailable (50 to 80%). b Bioavailability estimates are generally expressed as a percentage of monosodium phosphate or monocalcium phosphate. c Most calcitic limestones will contain 38% or more calcium and less magnesium than shown. d Iron in defluorinated phosphate is about 65% as available as the iron in ferrous sulfate.

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--> Table 11-9 Inorganic Sources and Estimated Bioavailabilities of Trace Mineralsa Mineral Element and Sourceb Chemical Formula Mineral Content (%) Relative Bioavailability (%) Copper       Cupric sulfate (pentahydrate) CuSO4·5H2O 25.2 100 Cupric chloride, tribasic Cu2(OH)3Cl 58.0 100 Cupric oxide CuO 75.0 0 to 10 Cupric carbonate (monohydrate) CuCO3·Cu(OH)2·H2O 50 to 55 60 to 100 Cupric sulfate (anhydrous) CuSO4 39.9 100 Iron       Ferrous sulfate (monohydrate) FeSO4·H2O 30.0 100 Ferrous sulfate (heptahydrate) FeSO4·7H2O 20.0 100 Ferrous carbonate FeCO3 38.0 15 to 80 Ferric oxide Fe2O3 69.9 0 Ferric chloride (hexahydrate) FeCl3·6H2O 20.7 40 to 100 Ferrous oxide FeO 77.8 —c Iodine       Ethylenediamine dihydroiodide (EDDI) C2H8N22HI 79.5 100 Calcium iodate Ca(IO3)2 63.5 100 Potassium iodide KI 68.8 100 Potassium iodate KIO3 59.3 —c Cupric iodide CuI 66.6 100 Manganese       Manganous sulfate (monohydrate) MnSO4·H2O 29.5 100 Manganous oxide MnO 60.0 70 Manganous dioxide MnO2 63.1 35 to 95 Manganous carbonate MnCO3 46.4 30 to 100 Manganous chloride (tetrahydrate) MnCl2·4H2O 27.5 100 Selenium       Sodium selenite Na2SeO3 45.0 100 Sodium selenate (decahydrate) Na2SeO4·10H2O 21.4 100 Zinc       Zinc sulfate (monohydrate) ZnSO4·H2O 35.5 100 Zinc oxide ZnO 72.0 50 to 80 Zinc sulfate (heptahydrate) ZnSO4·7H2O 22.3 100 Zinc carbonate Zn·CO3 56.0 100 Zinc chloride ZnCl2 48.0 100 aThe mineral source listed first under each mineral element was generally the standard with which the other sources were compared to establish relative bioavailability. bLess commonly used sources in italic. c—indicates no data available.

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--> Table 11-10 Characteristics and Energy Values of Various Sources of Fats and Oils (data on as-fed basis)a, b     Selected Fatty Acids (% of Total Fatty Acids)                   Energy Content (kcal/kg) Type of Lipid International Feed Numberc ≤C10 C12:0 C14:0 C16:0 C16:1 C18:0 C18:1 C18:2 C18:3 >20 Total sat. Total unsat. U:Sd ratio Iodine value Total SN-6 Total SN-3 DEd MEe NEf Animal Fats                                         Beef Tallow 4-08-127 0.0 0.9 2.7 24.9 4.2 18.9 36.0 3.1 0.6 0.3 52.1 47.9 0.92 44 3.1 0.6 8,000 7,680 4,925 Choice White Grease — 0.2 0.2 1.9 21.5 5.7 14.9 41.1 11.6 0.4 1.8 40.8 59.2 1.45 60 11.6 0.4 8,290 7,955 5,095 Lard 4-04-790 0.1 0.2 1.3 23.8 2.7 13.5 41.2 10.2 1.0 1.0 41.1 58.9 1.44 64 10.2 1.0 8,285 7,950 5,100 Poultry Fat 4-09-319 0.0 0.1 0.9 21.6 5.7 6.0 37.3 19.5 1.0 1.2 31.2 68.8 2.20 78 19.5 1.0 8,520 8,180 5,230 Restaurant Grease — — — 1.9 16.2 2.5 10.5 47.5 17.5 1.9 1.0 29.9 70.1 2.34 75 17.5 1.9 8,550 8,205 5,245 Fish Oils                                         Anchovy — — — 7.4 17.4 10.5 4.0 11.6 1.2 0.8 30.3 34.6 65.4 1.89 — 1.3 31.2 8,445 8,105 5,185 Herring 7-08-048 — 0.2 7.1 11.7 9.6 0.8 11.9 1.1 0.8 45.6 22.8 77.2 3.39 — 1.4 17.8 8,680 8,330 5,320 Menhaden 7-08-049 — — 8.0 15.1 10.5 3.8 14.5 2.1 1.5 29.5 33.3 66.7 2.00 — 1.5 25.1 8,475 8,135 5,200 Vegetable Oils                                         Canola (Rapeseed) 4-06-144 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.2 1.8 56.1 20.3 9.3 3.6 7.4 92.6 12.46 118 20.3 9.3 8,760 8,410 5,365 Coconut 4-09-320 14.1 44.6 16.8 8.2 0.0 2.8 5.8 1.8 0.0 — 91.9 8.1 0.09 10 1.8 0.0 8,405g 8,070 5,160 Corn 4-07-882 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.9 0.0 1.8 24.2 59.0 0.7 — 13.3 86.7 6.53 125 58.0 0.7 8,755 8,405 5,360 Cottonseed 4-20-836 0.0 0.0 0.8 22.7 0.8 2.3 17.0 51.5 0.2 0.1 27.1 72.9 2.69 105 51.5 0.2 8,605 8,260 5,275 Olive — 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.0 0.8 2.2 72.5 7.9 0.6 0.3 14.1 85.9 6.08 86 7.9 0.6 8,750 8,400 5,360 Palm — 0.0 0.1 1.0 43.5 0.3 4.3 36.6 9.1 0.2 0.1 51.6 48.4 0.94 50 9.1 0.2 8,010 7,690 4,935 Peanut 4-03-658 0.0 0.0 0.1 9.5 0.1 2.2 44.8 32.0 — 6.4 17.8 82.2 4.63 92 32.0 0.0 8,735 8,385 5,350 Safflower 4-20-526 0.0 0.0 0.1 6.2 0.4 2.3 11.7 74.1 0.4 — 9.5 90.5 9.52 140 74.1 0.4 8,760 8,410 5,365 Sesame — 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.9 0.2 4.8 39.3 41.3 0.3 0.2 14.8 85.2 5.73 110 41.3 0.3 8,750 8,400 5,360 Soybean 4-07-983 0.0 0.0 0.1 10.3 0.2 3.8 22.8 51.0 6.8 0.2 15.1 84.9 5.64 130 51.0 6.8 8,750 8,400 5,360 Sunflower 4-20-833 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.4 0.2 3.5 45.3 39.8 0.2 — 10.6 89.4 8.47 133 39.8 0.2 8,760 8,410 5,365 a Dash indicates that no data were available. b The fatty acid data were obtained from Pearl (1995) of the Fats and Protein Research Foundation and USDA Food Composition Standard Release 11 (1997). Values for fatty acid content do not always total 100% but represent means as obtained from various fat analysis conducted by gas-liquid chromatography. c First digit is class of feed: 1, dry forages and roughages; 2, pasture, range plants, and forages fed green; 3, silages; 4, energy feeds; 5, protein supplements; 6, minerals; 7, vitamins; 8, additives; the other five digits are the International Feed Number. d Calculated by the following relationship (Powels et al. 1995): DE(kcal/kg) = (36.898 – (0.005 × FFA) – (7.330 × e-0.906×U:S))/4.184 where FFA is the free fatty acid content in g/kg and U:S is the ratio of unsaturated-to-saturated fatty acids. In calculating the DE, the free fatty acid concentrations of all fats were assumed to be 50 g/kg (or 5%). e Calculated as 96% of DE. f Calculated by Equation 1-12 in Chapter 1. g Coconut oil was considered outside the range of the data used to develop the relationship in footnote d. The DE concentration of coconut oil was calculated from the digestibility (89.42% of GE) reported by Cera et. al (1989) for pigs from 2 to 4 weeks after weaning at 3 weeks of age. TABLE 11-11 Chemical Composition of Some Purified Feed Ingredients Commonly Used for Swine Research (data on as-fed basis)a Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) DE (kcal/kg) ME (kcal/kg) NE (kcal/kg) Crude Protein (%) Crude Fat (%) Linoleic Acid (%) Calcium (%) Phosphorus (%) Lysinec 01 Casein 5-01-162 91 4,135 3,535 2,555 88.7 0.80 0.03 0.63 1.01 7.35 02 Corn starch 4-02-889 99 4,000 3,985 2,505 0.3 0.22 — 0.00 0.03 — 03 Glucose monohydrate 4-02-125 90 3,360 3,260 1,940 0.3 — — — — — 04 Lactose 4-07-881 96 3,525 3,435 2,370d 0.3 — — — — — 05 Gelatin 5-14-503 90 2,800 2,140 1,570d 88.6 0.50 — 0.49 — 3.62 06 Sucrose 4-04-701 99 3,795 3,635 2,730 0.0 0.00 — 0.04 0.01 — aDash indicates that no data were available. bFirst digit is class of feed: 1, dry forages and roughages; 2, pasture, range plants, and forages fed green; 3, silages; 4, energy feeds; 5, protein supplements; 6, minerals; 7, vitamins; 8, additives; the other five digits are the International Feed Number. cAmino acid composition of casein is shown in Table 11-4. Other amino acids in gelatin: arginine, 6.60%; histidine, 0.66%; isoleucine, 1.42%; leucine, 2.91%; methionine, 0.76%; cystine, 0.12%; phenylalanine, 1.74%; tyrosine, 0.43%; threonine, 1.82%; tryptophan, 0.05%; and valine, 2.26%. dCalculated by Equation 1-12 in Chapter 1.

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--> References Ammerman, C. B., D. H. Baker, and A. J. Lewis. 1995. Bioavailability of Nutrients for Animals. Amino Acids, Minerals and Vitamins. Academic Press, NY. 441 pp. Archer Daniels Midland Company. 1995. ADM Bioproducts Amino Acid Database. Archer Daniels Midland Company, Decatur, IL. Axe, D. E. 1994. Macrominerals. IMC-Agric Feed Ingredients, Bannockburn, IL. 50 pp. Bernhardt, M. D. 1996. What you need to know about feed-grade minerals. Pp. 61–70 in 16th Annual Feed Ingredient Conference. Prince Agric. Products Inc., Quincy, Illinois. Centraal Veevoederbureau. 1994. Veevoedertabel. CVB Lelystad, The Netherlands. Cera, K. R., D. C. Mahan, and G. A. Reinhart. 1989. Apparent fat digestibilities and performance responses of postweaning swine fed diets supplemented with coconut oil, corn oil or tallow. J. Anim. Sci. 67:2040–2047. Cort, W. M., T. S. Vicente, E. H. Waysek, and B. D. Williams. 1983. 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Raleigh: North Carolina State University. Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food Standing Committee on Tables of Feed Composition. 1990. UK Tables of Nutritive Value and Chemical Composition of Feedstuffs. Rowett Research Services LTD, Bucksburn, Aberdeen. 420 pp. National Research Council. 1982. United States–Canadian Tables of Feed Composition: Nutritional Data for United States and Canadian Feeds. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 772 pp. National Research Council. 1993. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 155 pp. Nelson, J. 1995. Trace mineral sources, quality, and biological availability. AFIA Feed Ingredient Institute, American Feed Industry Assoc., June 24–25th, Chicago, IL. Noblet, J., and Y. Henry. 1991. Energy evaluation systems for pig diets. Pp. 87–110 in E. S. Batterham, ed. Manipulating Pig Production III. Proc. 3rd Biennial Conference of the Australasian Pig Science Association, Albury, Australia. 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Raw Material Compendium: A Compilation of Worldwide Data Sources. Novus International Inc., Brussels, Belgium. 541 pp. Pearl, G. G. 1995. Feeding Fats. Fats and Proteins Research Foundation Publication No. 269. Bloomington, IL: Fats and Proteins Research Foundation. 23 pp. Powels, J., J. Wiseman, D. J. A. Cole, and S. Jagger. 1995. Prediction of the apparent digestible energy value of fats given to pigs. Anim. Sci. 61: 149–154. Rhône-Poulenc. 1993a. Rhodimet Nutrition Guide: Feed Ingredients Formulation in Digestible Amino Acids, 2nd Edition. Rhône-Poulenc Animal Nutrition, Antony Cedex, France. 55 pp. Rhône-Poulenc. 1993b. Rhodimet Nutrition Guide, 6th Edition. Rhône-Poulenc Animal Nutrition, Antony Cedex, France. 39 pp. Roche. 1986. Biotin News No 5: Update on total and available biotin in feed ingredients. Roche Animal Nutrition and Health, Basel, Switzerland. 10 pp. Roche. 1987a. Beta-Carotene News: Beta-Carotene in Feedstuffs. Roche Animal Nutrition and Health, Basel, Switzerland. 18 pp. Roche. 1987b. Vitamin E News: Alpha-Tocopherol in Feedstuffs. Roche Animal Nutrition and Health, Basel, Switzerland. 42 pp. Roche. 1992. Folic Acid Content of Feedstuffs. Roche Animal Nutrition and Health, Basel, Switzerland. 9 pp. Southern, L. L. 1991. Digestible amino acids and digestible amino acid requirements for swine. BioKyowa Technical Review No. 2. 16 pp. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 1997. USDA Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 11-1. Nutrient Data Laboratory Homepage, http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp.

Representative terms from entire chapter:

amino acids