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Appendix 5
Help Screens
Growth Model Help Screen
Index
Tabs for Gestation, Lactation, and Growth
Inputs and Decimals
Scrolling
Dietary Energy Concentration
Daily Energy Intake
Pig Weight
Number of Gilts, Barrows, and Boars
Lean Gain
Lean Gain Curve
Space/Pig
Temperature
Report Based On
Reports
Report Buttons A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and Report Heading
Min/Max
Conversions
Auto Calc Off and Auto Calc On
Reset
Feed Tables
Help
PreView
Print
Exit
Growth Model
Tabs for Gestation, Lactation, and Growth Click on these tabs to go between models.
Inputs and Decimals Inputs can be made in two ways, as follows:
One way is to highlight the input box by clicking the box with the mouse and sweeping across the value in the box with the mouse button held down or by triple-clicking on the input box. Insert the new value from the keyboard, then press "Enter" on the keyboard. The next cell will then be highlighted and a new value can be entered. After all desired values are entered, click on the red "Re-Calc" button.
Another way is to click on the up and down arrows inside the input box. If you want to change the increments, press the "Min/Max" button (see Min/Max section for further instructions).
Decimals can be changed in the input boxes and on the outputs in the visual and printed reports.
Input boxes—highlight the box by clicking on it, then click on the "Min/Max" button (see Min/Max section for further details).
Outputs—click on the output value and a screen will appear allowing you to change the number of decimal points.
Scrolling
To scroll the report screens, use the scroll slide on the right of the report or click on the variable name and use the up and down arrows on the keyboard.
Dietary Energy Concentration
Enter the digestible energy (DE) or metabolizable energy (ME) concentration of the diet. DE or ME would have been selected on the opening screen. If you want to change from DE to ME (or from ME to DE), press "Exit," select "DE" or "ME," then return to the desired model.
Daily Energy Intake
Functions only when the radio button in the box at the lower left corner marked "Enter Dietary Energy Intake" is on "Yes." When the button is on "No," this box will be blank. If the "Yes" button is on, then enter the daily DE or ME intake.
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Pig Weight
Enter pig weight in kg. If pig weight is below 20 kg, the number of pigs in each gender group and the lean gain data will disappear.
Number of Gilts, Barrows, and Boars
Enter the number of each gender. If you want requirements for barrows only, place a "1" in the box beside "Barrows" and a "0" in the other boxes. If you want requirements for an average of barrows and gilts, place a "1" in the box beside ''Barrows" and a "1" in the box beside "Gilts" and a "0" in the box beside "Boars." Note that these entries do not apply to pigs less than 20 kg body weight.
Lean Gain
Place the mean carcass fat-free lean gain in the appropriate box beside each gender. The lean gain is the average over the live weight range of 20 to 120 kg. It is determined by taking the fat-free lean in the carcass at slaughter, subtracting the estimated fat-free lean in the carcass at the start, and dividing the difference by the number of days from start to finish (see Appendix 2).
Lean Gain Curve
Select the desired radio button. The standard button marked "Std" uses the model's default lean growth curve, and this is ordinarily the one to use. However, if you have information on your herd indicating that the lean growth pattern is different from the one used in the model, your curve can be entered as a quadratic or cubic equation. You will need to use a spreadsheet program, such as illustrated in Appendix 3, to generate the coefficients for a quadratic or cubic equation. To enter different equations, click on "User." A screen will appear and you can enter the coefficients. If you want to use a quadratic equation, enter a "0" as the fourth coefficient. The new equations can be named and saved for future use. Up to 99 equations can be saved. Click on the "Return" button to return to the main program.
Space/Pig
Click on the button if you want to enter the stocking density of the pigs, and enter the space per pig in square meters (1 square meter = 10.76 square ft). The model will then reduce energy intake if pigs are crowded. The adjustments in feed intake are not very precise, so use with caution. If you do not check the button, adjustments are not made for crowding.
Temperature
Click on the button if you want to enter the average ambient temperature (in centigrade) over a 24-hour period. The model will adjust energy intake upwards when pigs are at temperatures below their comfort (thermoneutral) zone and will adjust it downward when they are at temperatures above their comfort zone. The ideal temperature is approximately 26°C for 10 kg pigs, 25°C for 20 kg pigs, 23°C for 50 kg pigs, and 20°C for 100 kg pigs. Each 1° deviation from the ideal temperature results in an approximate adjustment in daily DE intake of 18, 75, 125, and 175 kcal of DE for pigs weighing 5, 20, 50, and 100 kg body weight, respectively. If you do not check the "Temperature" button, adjustments in energy intake will not be made.
Report Based On
Click on "% or amount/kg" if you want the report to give requirements on a dietary concentration basis (% of diet, mg/kg of diet, etc.). Click on "Amount/d" if you want the report to give requirements on a daily basis (g/d, mg/d, etc.).
Reports
Click on this button to give a screen report of the data as entered and the nutrient requirements.
Report Buttons A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and Report Heading
Click on button "A" for a report of the data as entered. Body weight—gives body weight as entered. Space/pig—gives space/pig as entered. If space/pig was not entered, it will show "****."
Temperature—gives temperature as entered. if temperature was not entered, it will show "****."
Carcass lean gain, 20-120 kg—gives the carcass fat-free lean accretion rate as entered.
Carcass lean tissue gain—gives the carcass fat-free lean tissue accretion rate at the particular weight that you have chosen, based on the lean growth curve.
Whole body protein gain—gives the estimated whole body protein accretion rate at the particular weight that you have chosen, assuming that 2.55 grams of carcass fat-free lean is equivalent to 1 gram of whole body protein.
Whole body protein tissue gain—gives the whole body lean tissue accretion rate at the particular weight that you have chosen. Assumes that whole body lean tissue is 23% protein.
Whole body fat tissue gain—gives the whole body fat tissue accretion rate at the particular weight that you have chosen. Assumes that whole body fat tissue is 90% fat.
DE concentration of diet—gives the DE concentration of the diet as entered.
ME concentration of diet—gives the ME concentration of the diet assuming that ME is 96% of DE.
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DE intake—gives the DE intake based on the default curves in the model. If you entered DE intake, then it gives DE intake as entered.
ME intake—gives the ME intake assuming that ME is 96% of DE.
Expected daily feed intake—gives the daily feed intake based on the DE intake divided by the DE concentration of the diet.
Expected daily gain—gives the expected daily gain of the pigs. This is determined by adding the daily accretion of total body protein tissue and total body fat tissue in the body and dividing by 0.94 (which assumes that 6% of the body weight is gut fill). Protein tissue is dry protein tissue divided by 0.23 (assumes that protein is 77% water) and fat tissue is dry fat tissue divided by 0.90 (assumes that fat tissue is 10% water).
Expected feed efficiency—gives the expected feed/gain by dividing daily feed intake by daily gain.
Crude protein (corn–soy diet)—gives the crude protein in a mixture of corn and soybean meal that meets the lysine requirement. It is based on the following relationship: crude protein (%) = 5.22 + (15.51 × true digestible lysine, %)
Click on button "B" for the true ileal digestible amino acid requirements.
Click on button "C" for the apparent ileal digestible amino acid requirements.
Click on button "D" for the total amino acid requirements, assuming that the diet consists of a mixture of corn and soybean meal.
Click on button "E" for the mineral requirements.
Click on button "F" for the vitamin requirements.
Click on button "G" for the essential fatty acid requirements.
Click on "Report Heading" to make a heading for your report.
Min/Max
Click on this button to give parameter settings for the input boxes.
Click on one of the input boxes.
The screen now shows the name of the input.
Set the minimum and maximum values for that input by pressing the up or down arrows, or by entering the values from the keyboard. Click on "Save" to save those values.
Set the increment for that input by choosing numbers in the two boxes marked "_____ by the power of _____." Insert different numbers and you will see how the increment changes. Click on "Save" to save the new increments.
Set the desired number of decimal points for the input. Click on "Save" to save the decimal setting.
Click on any other input boxes to make desired settings.
When finished, click on the "Report" button.
Conversions
Click on this button to give conversions from metric to standard U.S. equivalents.
Click on one of the input boxes.
The conversions are shown.
When finished, click on the "Report" box.
Auto Calc Off and Auto Calc On
Click on this button to toggle between off and on.
When the "Auto Calc" button is off, this button will change to "Re Calc Grow-Finish Values" after any changes are made in inputs. The red "Re Calc" button must be pressed to give the new requirement values in the report.
When the "Auto Calc" button is on, the recalculations will occur automatically after any input is changed. However, this can be time consuming when several changes are made or when the up and down arrows are used to increment between values.
Reset
Click on this button to reset the model to the default values that you found when the program was opened.
Feed Tables
Click on this button to access the feed composition tables.
Help
Click on this button to display the help screen.
PreView
Click on this button to preview the printed report.
Print
Click on this button to print the report. If you want to make a heading for your report, press "Report Heading" and type a heading. The report will give the same information that is shown in the screen report. The upper portion shows your inputs and the calculations of various outputs and the lower portion gives the requirements on a diet concentration and daily basis. If the outputs are not appropriate for the particular pig weight chosen or if temperature or space/pig was not an input, the output will display "****."
Exit
Click to exit the program.
Gestation Model Help Screen
Index
Tabs for Gestation, Lactation, and Growth
Inputs and Decimals
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Scrolling
Dietary Energy Concentration
Daily Energy Intake
Sow Weight at Breeding
Gestation Weight Gain
Number Pigs Born
Temperature
Report Based On
Reports
Report Buttons A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and Report Heading
Min/Max
Conversions
Auto Calc Off and Auto Calc On
Reset
Feed Table
Help
PreView
Print
Exit
Gestation Model
Tabs for Gestation, Lactation, and Growth
Click on these tabs to go between models.
Inputs and Decimals
Inputs can be made in two ways, as follows:
One way is to highlight the input box by clicking the box with the mouse and sweeping across the value in the box with the mouse button held down or by triple-clicking on the input box. Insert the new value from the keyboard, then press "Enter" on the keyboard. The next cell will then be highlighted and a new value can be entered. After all desired values are entered, click on the red "Re-Calc" button.
Another way is to click on the up and down arrows inside the input box. If you want to change the increments, press the "Min/Max" button (see Min/Max section for further instructions).
Decimals can be changed in the input boxes and on the outputs in the visual and printed reports.
Input boxes—highlight the box by clicking on it, then click on the "Min/Max" button (see Min/Max section for further details).
Outputs—click on the output value and a screen will appear allowing you to change the number of decimal points.
Scrolling
To scroll the report screens, use the scroll slide on the right of the report or click on the variable name and use the up and down arrows on the keyboard.
Dietary Energy Concentration
Enter the digestible energy (DE) or metabolizable energy (ME) concentration of the diet. DE or ME would have been selected on the opening screen. If you want to change from DE to ME (or from ME to DE), press "Exit," select "DE" or "ME," then return to the desired model.
Daily Energy Intake
Functions only when the radio button in the box at the lower left corner marked "Enter Dietary Energy Intake" is on "Yes." When the button is on "No," this box will be blank. If the "Yes'' button is on, then enter the daily DE or ME intake.
Sow Weight at Breeding
Enter the breeding weight of the sow in kg.
Gestation Weight Gain
Enter the desired weight gain of the sow during gestation. The weight gain includes both the sow body and the products of conception. Note that an entry cannot be made in this box if DE or ME intake is an input. When that is the case, gestation weight gain will be calculated by the model.
Litter Size, Total Pigs
Enter the anticipated size of the litter, total pigs.
Temperature
Click on the button if you want to enter the average ambient temperature (in centigrade) over a 24-hour period. The model will adjust energy intake or gestation weight gain when the temperature is below 20°C. Approximately 230 kcal of ME per day is required for each 1° below 20°C. No adjustment is made for temperatures above 20°C. If you do not check the "Temperature" button, an adjustment will not be made.
Report Based On
Click on "% or amount/kg" if you want the report to give requirements on a dietary concentration basis (% of diet, mg/kg of diet, etc.). Click on "Amount/d" if you want the report to give requirements on a daily basis (g/d, mg/d, etc.).
Reports
Click on this button to give a screen report of the data as entered and the nutrient requirements.
Report Buttons A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and Report Heading Click on button "A" for a report of the data as entered.
Sow weight at breeding—gives the breeding weight as entered.
Expected gestation weight gain—gives the gestation weight gain as entered; or gives it as calculated, if DE intake was entered.
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Expected litter size—gives litter size, total pigs, as entered.
Conceptus gain—gives the estimated weight gain of the products of conception, including the pigs, placenta, and placental fluids during the entire gestation period (2.28 × number of pigs).
Maternal gain—gives the estimated weight gain of maternal tissue excluding the litter during the entire gestation period.
Maternal lean tissue gain—gives the estimated weight gain of maternal lean tissue during the entire gestation period.
Maternal fat tissue gain—gives the estimated weight gain of maternal fat tissue during the entire gestation period.
Temperature—gives temperature as entered. If temperature was not entered, it will show "****."
DE concentration of diet—gives the DE concentration of the diet as entered.
ME concentration of diet—gives the ME concentration of the diet assuming that ME is 96% of DE.
DE intake—gives DE intake as entered; or gives it as calculated if gestation weight gain was entered.
ME intake—gives the ME intake assuming that ME is 96% of DE.
Expected daily feed intake—gives the daily feed intake based on the DE intake divided by the DE concentration of the diet.
Crude protein (corn–soy diet)—gives the crude protein in a mixture of corn and soybean meal that meets the lysine requirement. It is based on the following relationship: crude protein (%) = 5.22 + (15.51 × true digestible lysine, %)
Click on button "B" for the true ileal digestible amino acid requirements.
Click on button "C" for the apparent ileal digestible amino acid requirements.
Click on button "D" for the total amino acid requirements, assuming that the diet consists of a mixture of corn and soybean meal.
Click on button "E" for the mineral requirements.
Click on button "F" for the vitamin requirements.
Click on button "G" for the essential fatty acid requirements.
Click on "Report Heading" to make a heading for your report.
Min/Max
Click on this button to give parameter settings for the input boxes.
Click on one of the input boxes.
The screen now shows the name of the input.
Set the minimum and maximum values for that input by pressing the up or down arrows, or by entering the values from the keyboard. Click on "Save" to save those values.
Set the increment for that input by choosing numbers in the two boxes marked "_____ by the power of _____." Insert different numbers and you will see how the increment changes. Click on "Save" to save the new increments.
Set the desired number of decimal points for the input. Click on "Save" to save the decimal setting.
Click on any other input boxes to make desired settings.
When finished, click on the "Report" button.
Conversions
Click on this button to give conversions from metric to standard U.S. equivalents.
Click on one of the input boxes.
The conversions are shown.
When finished, click on the "Report" box.
Auto Calc Off and Auto Calc On
Click on this button to toggle between off and on.
When the "Auto Calc" button is off, this button will change to "Re-Calc Gestation Values" after any changes are made in inputs. The red "Re-Calc'' button must be pressed to give the new requirement values in the report.
When the "Auto Calc" button is on, the recalculations will occur automatically after any input is changed. However, this can be time consuming when several changes are made or when the up and down arrows are used to increment between values.
Reset
Click on this button to reset the model to the default values that you found when the program was opened.
Feed Tables
Click on this button to access the feed composition tables.
Help
Click on this button to display the help screen.
PreView
Click on this button to preview the printed report.
Print
Click on this button to print the report. If you want to make a heading for your report, press "Report Heading" and type a heading. The report will give the
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same information that is shown in the screen report. The upper portion shows your inputs and the calculations of various outputs and the lower portion gives the requirements on a diet concentration and daily basis. If temperature was not an input, the output will display "****."
Exit
Click to exit the program.
Lactation Model Help Screen
Index
Tabs for Gestation, Lactation, and Growth
Inputs and Decimals
Scrolling
Dietary Energy Concentration
Daily Energy Intake
Sow Weight after Farrowing
Lactation Length
Lactation Weight Change
Number Pigs Nursed
Daily Pig Weight Gain
Temperature
Report Based On
Reports
Report Buttons A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and Report Heading
Min/Max
Conversions
Auto Calc Off and Auto Calc On
Reset
Feed Tables
Help
PreView
Print
Exit
Lactation Model
Tabs for Gestation, Lactation, and Growth
Click on these tabs to go between models.
Inputs and Decimals
Inputs can be made in two ways, as follows:
One way is to highlight the input box by clicking the box with the mouse and sweeping across the value in the box with the mouse button held down or by triple-clicking on the input box. Insert the new value from the keyboard, then press "Enter" on the keyboard. The next cell will then be highlighted and a new value can be entered. After all desired values are entered, click on the red "Re-Calc" button.
Another way is to click on the up and down arrows inside the input box. If you want to change the increments, press the "Min/Max" button (see Min/Max section for further instructions).
Decimals can be changed in the input boxes and on the outputs in the visual and printed reports.
Input boxes—highlight the box by clicking on it, then click on the "Min/Max" button (see Min/Max section for further details).
Outputs—click on the output value and a screen will appear allowing you to change the number of decimal points.
Scrolling
To scroll the report screens, use the scroll slide on the right of the report or click on the variable name and use the up and down arrows on the keyboard.
Dietary Energy Concentration
Enter the digestible energy (DE) or metabolizable energy (ME) concentration of the diet. DE or ME would have been selected on the opening screen. If you want to change from DE to ME (or from ME to DE), press "Exit," select "DE" or "ME," then return to the desired model.
Daily Energy Intake
Functions only when the radio button in the box at the lower left corner marked "Enter Dietary Energy Intake" is on "Yes." When the button is on "No," this box will be blank. If the "Yes" button is on, then enter the daily DE or ME intake.
Sow Weight after Farrowing
Enter the postfarrowing weight of the sow in kg.
Lactation Length
Enter the number of days that the sow will nurse the litter.
Lactation Weight Change
Enter the desired or anticipated weight change from the beginning to the end of lactation. If no weight change is targeted, then enter "0." Weight loss is entered as a negative value. Note that an entry cannot be made in this box if DE or ME intake is an input. When that is the case, lactation weight change will be calculated by the model.
Number Pigs Nursed
Enter the number of pigs nursed by the sow during the lactation period.
Daily Pig Weight Gain
Enter the average daily weight gain of the pigs during the lactation period.
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Temperature
Click on the button if you want to enter the average farrowing room temperature (in centigrade) over a 24-hour period. The model will adjust energy intake or lactation weight change when the temperature deviates from 20°C. An additional 310 kcal of ME per day is required per 1° below 20°C, and 310 fewer kcal of ME per day are required for each 1° above 20°C. If you do not check the "Temperature" button, adjustments will not be made.
Report Based On
Click on "% or amount/kg" if you want the report to give requirements on a dietary concentration basis (% of diet, mg/kg of diet, etc.). Click on "Amount/d" if you want the report to give requirements on a daily basis (g/d, mg/d, etc.).
Reports
Click on this button to give a screen report of the data as entered and the nutrient requirements.
Report Buttons A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and Report Heading
Click on button "A" for a report of the data as entered.
Sow weight at farrowing—gives the sow's postfarrowing weight as entered.
Expected lactation weight change—gives the lactation weight change as entered; or gives it as calculated, if DE intake was entered.
Lactation length—gives the length of lactation as entered.
No. pigs nursed—gives the number of pigs nursed during the lactation period as entered.
Avg daily gain of nursed pigs—gives the average daily gain per pig over the lactation period, as entered.
Farrowing room temperature—gives the temperature as entered. If temperature was not entered, it will show "****."
Maternal lean tissue gain—gives the estimated maternal lean tissue weight gain or loss during the lactation period.
Maternal fat tissue gain—gives the estimated maternal fat tissue weight gain or loss during the lactation period.
Estimated milk production—gives the estimated daily milk production based on the weight gain of the litter.
DE concentration of diet—gives the DE concentration of the diet as entered.
ME concentration of diet—gives the ME concentration of the diet assuming that ME is 96% of DE.
DE intake—gives DE intake as entered; or gives it as calculated if lactation weight change was entered.
ME intake—gives the ME intake assuming that ME is 96% of DE.
Expected daily feed intake—gives the daily feed intake based on the DE intake divided by the DE concentration of the diet.
Crude protein (corn–soy diet)—gives the crude protein in a mixture of corn and soybean meal that meets the lysine requirement. It is based on the following relationship: crude protein (%) = 5.22 + (15.51 × true digestible lysine, %)
Click on button "B" for the true ileal digestible amino acid requirements.
Click on button "C" for the apparent ileal digestible amino acid requirements.
Click on button "D" for the total amino acid requirements, assuming that the diet consists of a mixture of corn and soybean meal.
Click on button "E" for the mineral requirements.
Click on button "F" for the vitamin requirements.
Click on button "G" for the essential fatty acid requirements.
Click on "Report Heading" to make a heading for your report.
Min/Max
Click on this button to give parameter settings for the input boxes.
Click on one of the input boxes.
The screen now shows the name of the input.
Set the minimum and maximum values for that input by pressing the up or down arrows, or by entering the values from the keyboard. Click on "Save" to save those values.
Set the increment for that input by choosing numbers in the two boxes marked "___ by the power of ___." Insert different numbers and you will see how the increment changes. Click on "Save" to save the new increments.
Set the desired number of decimal points for the input. Click on "Save" to save the decimal setting.
Click on any other input boxes to make desired settings.
When finished, click on the "Report" button.
Conversions
Click on this button to give conversions from metric to standard U.S. equivalents.
Click on one of the input boxes.
The conversions are shown.
When finished, click on the "Report" box.
Auto Calc Off and Auto Calc On
Click on this button to toggle between off and on.
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When the "Auto Calc" button is off, this button will change to "Re-Calc Gestation Values" after any changes are made in inputs. The red "Re-Calc" button must be pressed to give the new requirement values in the report.
When the "Auto Calc" button is on, the recalculations will occur automatically after any input is changed. However, this can be time consuming when several changes are made or when the up and down arrows are used to increment between values.
Reset
Click on this button to reset the model to the default values that you found when the program was opened.
Feed Tables
Click on this button to access the feed composition tables.
Help
Click on this button to display the help screen.
PreView
Click on this button to preview the printed report.
Print
Click on this button to print the report. If you want to make a heading for your report, press "Report Heading" and type a heading. The report will give the same information that is shown in the screen report. The upper portion shows your inputs and the calculations of various outputs and the lower portion gives the requirements on a diet concentration and daily basis. If temperature was not an input, the output will display "****."
Exit
Click to exit the program.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
fat tissue
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