America's Children: Health Insurance and Access to Care

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America's Children: Health Insurance and Access to Care (1998)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

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. "2 Health Insurance and Children in America." America's Children: Health Insurance and Access to Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998.

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INSURANCE COVERAGE TRENDS (MILLIONS) FOR CHILDREN (TABLE 2.3) AND FOR ADULTS (TABLE 2.4)

TABLE 2.3 Trends in Health Insurance Coverage by Actual Numbers Among Children, Ages 0-17 United States, 1987-1995

	Number (in millions)
Health Insurance Source	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Total private	47.3	47.5	48.1	46.9	46.6	47.2	47.0	46.3	47.0
Employer-based	43.1	43.2	43.3	42.5	42.2	42.6	41.5	41.0	41.7
Self-pay	4.2	4.2	4.8	4.4	4.3	4.6	5.5	5.3	5.4
Total public	12.4	12.6	12.8	14.8	16.3	17.3	18.7	18.6	18.8
Medicaid	10.0	10.3	10.5	12.5	14.0	15.1	16.7	16.1	16.5
Military health care^a	2.6	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.7	2.3
Medicare^b	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.3
Uninsured	8.5	8.7	8.9	8.8	8.7	8.7	9.6	10.0	9.8
Total, children 0-17	64.6	65.0	65.8	66.4	67.4	68.7	69.8	70.5	71.1
NOTE: Columns may not add to totals because individuals may receive coverage from more than one source during 1 year. ^a Military Health Care includes the Civilian Health and Medical Program for the Uniformed Services and health care through the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. ^b For Medicare, numbers for some years round to less than 0.1 million, and are indicated by "0.0." SOURCE: EBRI (1997) Estimates are based on data from the March 1988-1996 Current Population Survey, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.

TABLE 2.4 Trends in Health Insurance Coverage Among Adults, Ages 18-64, United States, 1987-1995 (Millions)

	Number (in millions)
Health Insurance Source	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Total private	115.6	115.5	116.3	115.3	114.8	113.4	114.6	116.5	116.9
Employer-based	105.5	106.2	106.6	105.3	105.5	103.4	103.4	105.3	106.2
Self-pay	10.1	9.3	9.7	9.9	9.3	10.0	11.1	11.2	10.6
Total public	16.1	16.1	15.9	17.1	18.1	18.7	19.4	20.4	19.6
Medicaid	8.4	8.6	8.7	9.9	10.8	11.4	12.3	12.6	12.5
Military health care^a	6.9	6.6	6.3	6.4	6.2	6.0	6.0	6.9	5.9
Medicare^b	3.1	3.1	3.2	3.4	3.5	3.8	3.7	2.9	3.2
Uninsured	23.3	24.9	25.3	26.8	27.7	29.6	29.8	29.4	30.5
Total, adults 18-64	149.9	151.5	152.7	154.2	155.5	156.8	158.3	159.4	160.7
NOTE: Columns may not add to totals because individuals may receive coverage from more than one source during 1 year. ^a Military Health Care includes the Civilian Health and Medical Program for the Uniformed Services and health care through the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. ^b For Medicare, numbers for some years round to less than 0.1 million, and are indicated by "0.0." SOURCE: EBRI, 1997 Estimates are based on data from the March 1988-1996 Current Population Survey, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.