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Suggested Citation:"E: Abbreviations." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Reducing Stress Fracture in Physically Active Military Women. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6295.
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E
Abbreviations


AI

Adequate Intake

AIT

Advanced Individual Training

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate


BCNH

Body Composition, Nutrition, and Health of Military Women, Subcommittee

BCT

Basic Combat Training

BMC

Bone Mineral Content

BMD

Bone Mineral Density

BMT

Basic Military Training

BUA

Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation


CI

Confidence Interval

CMNR

Committee on Military Nutrition Research

CR

Cardiorespiratory

CSA

Cross Section Area

CSMI

Moment of Inertia


DEP

Delayed Entry Program

DGGE

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

DHEA

Dehydroepiandrosterone

DoD

Department of Defense

Suggested Citation:"E: Abbreviations." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Reducing Stress Fracture in Physically Active Military Women. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6295.
×

DWHRP

Defense Women's Health Research Project

DXA

Dual X-ray Absorptiometry


EAR

Estimated Average Requirement


FITT

Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type

FSH

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

FTU

Fitness Training Unit


GH

Growth Hormone

GnRH

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone


HRR

Heart Rate Reserve


IGF-1

Insulin-like Growth Factor-1

IGFBP-1

Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-1

IL

Interleukin

IOM

Institute of Medicine


LBM

Lean Body Mass

LH

Luteinizing Hormone


MCRD

Marine Corps Recruit Depot

MEPS

Military Entrance Processing Site

MRDA

Military Recommended Dietary Allowance(s)

MRI

Magnetic Resonance Imaging


NPAD

Nonpregnant, Active-duty

NRC

National Research Council


OPHSA

Office of Prevention and Health Services Assessment

OR

Odds Risk

OSUT

One-station Unit Training

NSAID

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug


PC

Physical Conditioning

PCP

Physical Conditioning Platoon

PCR

Polymerase Chain Reaction

PFT

Physical Fitness Test

PGHS-2

Prostaglandin G/H synthase-2

PNF

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation

PPFM

Postpartum Family Member

PT

Physical Training

PTH

Parathyroid hormone

PTRP

Physical Training Rehabilitation Program

pDXA

Peripheral Dual X-ray Absorptiometry

pQCT

Peripheral Quantitative Computerized Tomography


QCT

Quantitative Computed Tomography

QTL

Quantitative Trait Localization

QUS

Quantitative Ultrasound


RR

Relative Risk

RTC

Recruit Training Command


SOS

Speed of Sound

SPA

Single Photon Absorptiometry

Suggested Citation:"E: Abbreviations." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Reducing Stress Fracture in Physically Active Military Women. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6295.
×

SSLP

Simple Sequence-length Polymorphism


T3

Triiodothyronine

TGF-β

Transforming Growth Factor-Beta

TNF-α

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha


Z

Section Modulus

Suggested Citation:"E: Abbreviations." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Reducing Stress Fracture in Physically Active Military Women. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6295.
×
Page 115
Suggested Citation:"E: Abbreviations." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Reducing Stress Fracture in Physically Active Military Women. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6295.
×
Page 116
Suggested Citation:"E: Abbreviations." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Reducing Stress Fracture in Physically Active Military Women. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6295.
×
Page 117
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The incidence of stress fractures of the lower extremities during U.S. military basic training is significantly higher among female military recruits than among male recruits. The prevalence of this injury has a marked impact on the health of service personnel and imposes a significant financial burden on the military by delaying completion of the training of new recruits. In addition to lengthening training time, increasing program costs, and delaying military readiness, stress fractures may share their etiology with the longer-term risk of osteoporosis.

As part of the Defense Women's Health Research Program, this book evaluates the impact of diet, genetic predisposition, and physical activity on bone mineral and calcium status in young servicewomen. It makes recommendations for reducing stress fractures and improving overall bone health through nutrition education and monitored physical training programs. The book also makes recommendations for future research to evaluate more fully the effects of fitness levels, physical activities, and other factors on stress fracture risk and bone health.

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