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Reducing the Odds: Preventing Perinatal Transmission of HIV in the United States (1999)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

Citation Manager

. "J Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibody Testing Among Women 15-44: Results from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth." Reducing the Odds: Preventing Perinatal Transmission of HIV in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1999.

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Odds Ratio Coefficient (95 percent confidence interval)

 

Model Parameter

Not Pregnant

Pregnant

Not Pregnant

Pregnant

HIV risk

Moderate/high HIV risk

1.2189*

1.4694*

3.38 (2.77–4.13)

4.34 (2.25–8.41)

Low HIV risk

 

 

NOTE: MSA = metropolitan statistical area.

a Both logistic regression models provide a significant fit to the data (p < .00001). For not pregnant women, the model classifies 71 percent of the observed values correctly. For pregnant women, the model classifies 63% of the observed values correctly. Starred coefficients (*) denote statistical significance at p = .05.

b A total of 1,472 survey respondents reported that they were either pregnant at the time of the interview (430), had completed a pregnancy with 12 months of the interview (1,039), or had received pre- or postnatal care in the last 12 months (1,140). Women referred to as "pregnant" in this table refer to women who were pregnant, or recently pregnant, at the time of the interview.

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303
Front Matter (R1-R16)
Executive Summary (1-14)
1 Introduction (15-20)
2 Public Health Screening Programs (21-35)
3 Descriptive Epidemiology of the Perinatal Transmission of HIV (36-44)
4 Natural History, Detection, and Treatment of HIV Infection in Pregnant Women and Newborns (45-53)
5 Context of Services for Women and Children Affected by HIV/AIDS (54-67)
6 Implementation and Impact of the Public Health Service Counseling and Testing Guidelines (68-108)
7 Recommendations (109-133)
References (134-144)
Appendixes (145-146)
A Committee and Staff Biographies (147-154)
B Context of Services for Women and Children Affected by HIV/AIDS (155-189)
C Workshop I Summary (190-202)
D Workshop II Summary (203-235)
E New York/New Jersey Site Visit Summary (236-251)
F Alabama Site Visit Summary (252-259)
G South Texas Site Visit Summary (260-270)
H Florida Conference Summary (271-274)
I HIV Testing and Perinatal Transmission: Thoughts from an HIV-Positive Mother (275-285)
J Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibody Testing Among Women 15-44: Results from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth (286-303)
K Details of the Committee's Models and Assumptions (304-312)
L Passing the Test: New York's Newborn HIV Testing Policy, 1987-1997 (313-340)
M Excerpts from the Ryan White CARE Act Amendments of 1996 (341-346)
N 1995 U.S. Public Health Service Recommendations for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Counseling and Testing for Pregnant Women (347-371)
O Acronyms and Glossary (372-376)
Index (377-397)