Oil Spill Risks From Tank Vessel Lightering (1998)

DON E. KASH (chair) holds the John T. Hazel, Sr., and Ruth D. Hazel Chair of Public Policy at the Institute of Public Policy, George Mason University (GMU). He is also a professor in the GMU Department of Public Affairs. His fields of research include science technology and public policy, energy policy, and policy analysis. Dr. Kash was a research professor of political science at the University of Oklahoma for more than 20 years and held similar positions at Indiana University, Purdue University, and the University of Missouri. He has also held several government management positions, including chief of the Conservation Division and assistant director for regulation at the U.S. Geological Survey. Dr. Kash has extensive experience chairing or serving as a member of committees for the congressional Office of Technology Assessment and the National Research Council (NRC) as well as other government advisory organizations. He is a past member of the NRC's Marine Board. He has published numerous books and articles on subjects related to science and engineering and their effect on public policy. Dr. Kash has a Ph.D. in political science from the University of Iowa.

TRICIA CLARK is the maritime affairs coordinator for the Oil Spill Division of the Texas General Land Office, which develops and enforces state regulations affecting the maritime industry. She serves as a liaison between the state and the maritime community and directs safety task forces, regional response teams, safety advisory committees, and other initiatives. Previously, Ms. Clark was a licensed deck officer for ARCO Marine and has extensive knowledge of tanker operations, fleet management, and lightering. She was also the Texas state liaison to the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) team that developed regulations to

implement the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. In that position, she contributed to the negotiated rulemaking process for oil spill response plans and the USCG's Deepwater Ports Study. She has a B.S. in marine biology from Texas A&M University and a Chief Mate unlimited tonnage license from the USCG.

ALFRED COLE is a master mariner and lightering master for Chevron Shipping Company in Pascagoula, Mississippi. He has worked for Chevron for 23 years. As a lightering master in the Gulf of Mexico for more than 10 years, he has supervised approximately 600 lightering operations. He was the principal technical advisor in the planning, organization, and implementation of Chevron's 1996 project to evaluate the use of lightering systems in the open ocean off Southern California. He also has served as master of very large crude carriers operating worldwide, director of training and development, and terminal manager in Australia. Prior to his career with Chevron, he sailed for 13 years with the Royal Fleet Auxiliary in the United Kingdom. Captain Cole chaired the Oil Companies International Marine Forum task force that developed the most recent industry guidelines for offshore lightering operations.

EDWARD C. CROSS is president of Plimsoll Shipping, Inc., a marine surveying company in Houston. He previously spent 27 years with Mobil Shipping, where he served in various deck officer positions, including master with specialty in lightering. He initiated, and for 10 years supervised, Mobil's lightering operations in the Gulf of Mexico. He then became the safety officer for Mobil's U.S. and international fleet. After leaving Mobil, he was the operations manager for a lightering company working on the East Coast and in the Gulf of Mexico. Now, in addition to running his own surveying company, he is a consultant to several major lightering companies on safety and pollution prevention matters and occasionally works as an independent mooring master for these and other firms. He has a master mariner's degree from the University of Bristol, United Kingdom.

DUANE H. LAIBLE is president of The Glosten Associates, Inc., of Seattle, a marine engineering and naval architecture consulting firm. He has extensive experience in the design and construction of a variety of vessels, including tug-boats, ferries, specialty barges, hydrofoils, catamarans, and research vessels. He has supervised major design projects and managed construction and conversion programs. Mr. Laible's other research activities include simulations of ship maneuvering operations and safety assessments of ships and harbors engaged in oil transportation. His firm has conducted assessments of tanker escort regulations in the San Francisco Bay, Alaska, and Puget Sound regions. He has a B.S. degree in naval architecture from Webb Institute and attended the University of Washington Graduate School of Business Management.

J. BRADFORD MOONEY, JR., NAE, is a consultant in ocean engineering and

research management to universities and industry. He is a U.S. Navy rear admiral, retired, and a former president of Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution. He has broad experience in management, research, education, training, and other areas. His Navy career included assignments as chief of naval research, oceanographer of the Navy, and naval deputy to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. He has extensive experience with submarines and deep-submergence vehicles, having served as pilot of the Trieste II in the successful 1964 search for the sunken Navy submarine, Thresher, and was founder of the Navy's first fleet operational deep submergence command. Admiral Mooney is a former member of the Marine Board and has served as chairman or a member of various National Research Council study panels. He received a B.S. degree from the U.S. Naval Academy and pursued postgraduate management studies at George Washington and Harvard universities.

STEPHEN D. RICKS is president of Clean Bay, Inc., in San Francisco. He manages the oil spill cleanup cooperative's activities, which include contingency planning, training, purchasing and maintenance of equipment, and spill response. Previously, he was vice president for Pacific Refining Company, where he was responsible for all refinery operations, including safety and pollution prevention programs. Mr. Ricks also has extensive experience with other firms in refinery operations, including oil storage and transportation terminal operations. He has a B.S. degree in chemical engineering from the University of California, Davis, and served in the U.S. Air Force.

EDWIN J. ROLAND is president of Bona Shipping (U.S.), Inc., a tanker operating company in Houston. He has extensive experience in the oil transportation business, having previously served as vice president of operations, planning, and transportation for Amoco Oil Company; president of Amoco Transport Company; vice president of Holland America Line; vice president of Coastal Corporation; and vice president of Conoco Shipping Company. Prior to that, he served 11 years in the U.S. Coast Guard. Mr. Roland is a member of the American Bureau of Shipping, Lloyd's American Committee, Webb Institute Board of Trustees, and boards of the U.S. Chamber of Shipping and Liberian Shipowner's Council. He has a B.S. degree from the U.S. Coast Guard Academy, an M.S. degree in nuclear engineering and naval architecture from the University of Michigan, and an M.B.A. degree from Iona College.

RICHARD J. STEADY is manager of regulatory affairs and compliance for Maritrans Operating Partners, L.P., a major petroleum transport company in the U.S. coastal trade. He has worked for Maritrans in various management capacities. During his service with the firm's Tampa operations, the company conducted offshore lightering near Galveston, Texas. Recently he has been directly responsible for a fleet of lightering vessels operating in the Delaware Bay and has

directed the lightering coordinator team responsible for ensuring safety throughout the cargo transfer process. Mr. Steady is now responsible for monitoring state and federal rules that affect lightering vessels. He also serves on the regional risk assessment team addressing many issues related to tank vessel operations in the Northeast and on a variety of U.S. Coast Guard task forces in the Philadelphia area. He has a B.S. degree in mathematics and mechanical engineering from the University of New Hampshire and an M.B.A. degree from Temple University.

JOHN B. TORGAN is the Narragansett Bay Keeper with Save the Bay in Providence, Rhode Island. He leads the organization's program to protect the environmental integrity of the bay and its tributaries through sampling, research, and education. He develops outreach activities and other communications programs to bring problems to the attention of the public. He has also performed research on wildlife habitats in the region and provided testimony on ecological issues. Prior to his current position, Mr. Torgan performed ecological research and field studies in New York and Michigan, as well as fishery studies in rivers near hydroelectric dams. He has a B.S. degree in environmental studies and biology from Union College.

W. M. VON ZHAREN is an associate professor of environmental law and admiralty law at Texas A&M University. She is also maritime policy and management coordinator at Texas Institute of Oceanography and a member of the graduate faculty in the Department of Oceanography. She is widely published in a number of fields, including environmental management systems and stewardship of marine resources. She is currently editing a textbook on the waterborne transportation of hazardous chemicals. She has also published many articles on environmental risk management and recently conducted a risk assessment of offshore lightering activities in the Gulf of Mexico. Dr. von Zharen is counsel for environmental affairs for the American Bureau of Shipping's Marine Services, Inc. She is chair of the American Bar Association's Marine Resources Committee, a member of the Houston-Galveston Navigation Safety Committee, a member of the Industry Taskforce on Offshore Lightering, and a proctor in the Maritime Law Institute. Dr. von Zharen, who has J.D. and L.L.M. degrees in international law, was previously an attorney for the Exxon Shipping Company. She was also a Fulbright scholar and has studied in Denmark, Sweden, and Germany.