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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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Review of the Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center

Assessment of the U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command

Standing Committee on Program and Technical Review of the U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command

Board on Army Science and Technology

Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems

National Research Council

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C.
1998

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance.

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. William A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.

This is a report of work supported by Contract DAAM01-96-K-0002 between the U.S. Army and the National Academy of Sciences. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.

International Standard Book Number 0-309-06298-5

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Copyright 1998 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
×

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PROGRAM AND TECHNICAL REVIEW OF THE U.S. CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE COMMAND

FRANCIS G. DWYER (chair),

Mobil Research and Development Corporation (retired), West Chester, Pennsylvania

JEROME S. SCHULTZ (vice chair),

University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

KLAUS BIEMANN,

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

HAROLD S. BLACKMAN,

Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company, Idaho Falls

BARBARA G. CALLAHAN,

Fluor Daniel GTI, Norwood, Massachusetts

SANFORD S. LEFFINGWELL,

HLM Consultants, Dacula, Georgia

DEREK L. RANSLEY,

Ransley & Associates, Lafayette, California

LUDWIG REBENFELD,

TRI Princeton, Princeton, New Jersey

WILLIAM REIFENRATH,

Stratacor, Inc., Richmond, California

J. THROCK WATSON,

Michigan State University, East Lansing

Board on Army Science and Technology Liaison

JOHN H. MOXLEY,

IOM, Korn/Ferry International, Los Angeles, California

Staff

BRUCE A. BRAUN, Director,

Board on Army Science and Technology

EDWARD J. DOWNING, Study Director

PAMELA A. LEWIS, Project Assistant

U.S. Army Liaisons

GEORGE E. FRIEL,

U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland

JAMES BAKER,

U.S. Army Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
×

BOARD ON ARMY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

WILLIAM H. FORSTER, chair,

Northrop Grumman Corporation, Baltimore, Maryland

THOMAS L. MCNAUGHER, vice chair,

RAND Corporation, Washington, D.C.

GARY L. BORMAN,

University of Wisconsin, Madison

RICHARD A. CONWAY,

Union Carbide Corporation, Charleston, West Virginia

GILBERT S. DECKER, Consultant,

Los Gatos, California

LAWRENCE J. DELANEY,

Delaney Group, Potomac, Maryland

ROBERT J. HEASTON,

Guidance and Control Information Analysis Center (retired), Naperville, Illinois

ELVIN R. HEIBERG,

Heiberg Associates, Inc., Mason Neck, Virginia

GERALD J. IAFRATE,

University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana

KATHRYN V. LOGAN,

Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta

JOHN H. MOXLEY,

Korn/Ferry International, Los Angeles, California

STEWART D. PERSONICK,

Bell Communications Research, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey

MILLARD F. ROSE,

Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama

GEORGE T. SINGLEY III,

Hicks and Associates, Inc., McLean, Virginia

CLARENCE G. THORNTON,

Army Research Laboratories (retired), Colts Neck, New Jersey

JOHN D. VENABLES,

Venables and Associates, Towson, Maryland

JOSEPH J. VERVIER,

ENSCO, Inc., Melbourne, Florida

ALLEN C. WARD,

Ward Synthesis, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan

Staff

BRUCE A. BRAUN, Director

MARGO L. FRANCESCO, Administrative Associate

ALVERA V. WILSON, Financial Associate

DEANNA SPARGER, Project Assistant

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
×

Preface

This report is the second of a two-phase response to a request from the technical director of the U.S. Army Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center (ERDEC) that the National Research Council (NRC) conduct technical assessments and reviews of programs in the command. The NRC was asked to conduct a technical assessment of the man-in-simulant test (MIST) program and a program review of the mass spectrometry and bioremediation programs. These programs represent a continuum of technologies designed to protect, detect, and dispose of the chemical and biological weapons soldiers may face in future combat. The first report, Technical Assessment of the Man-in-Simulant Test (MIST) Program was published in 1997. This second report focuses on the program review of the mass spectrometry and bioremediation programs.

Members of the NRC Committee have a wide range of expertise in protective systems, toxicology, risk assessment, environmental and occupational health, simulation and modeling, textile science, human factors, organic chemistry, biochemistry, mass spectrometry, and chemical engineering. Of these, the members with special expertise relevant to reviewing the mass spectrometry and bioremediation programs were chosen to serve on the reviewing committee. Some of them have been with the committee since its formation and have benefited from the knowledge gained from the earlier study. The committee met twice, in October 1997 and February 1998, and interviewed members of both of the ERDEC groups, as well as senior managers of the ERDEC Research and Technology Directorate (RTD).

In this report, the committee assesses the technical character of the programs and the processes used to achieve their goals. The assessment was complicated by some changes in personnel and a significant change in the ERDEC organizational structure between the first and second visits. Also, a new director of the RTD has since assumed his position and is in the

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
×

process of establishing his style and making changes to the corporate culture.

The chair and the committee wish to thank the NRC staff for its assistance and support. We are indebted to Bruce Braun, director, Board on Army Science and Technology; George Davatelis, study director until December 1997; Edward Downing, study director since December 1997; Jacqueline Campbell-Johnson and Pamela Lewis, senior project assistants for the respective study directors; Margo Francesco, staff associate; Alvera Wilson, financial associate; and Norman Haller, consultant. The work of the committee would not have been possible without these dedicated individuals. The committee also appreciates the comments of the various groups that agreed to be interviewed and the group of outside experts who graciously donated their time to review this report.

The committee would like to express its special appreciation to committee member Dr. Clement Furlong of the University of Washington for his valuable contributions to the report up until his departure in early 1998.

FRANCIS G. DWYER, CHAIR

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PROGRAM AND TECHNICAL REVIEW OF THE U.S. ARMY CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE COMMAND

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
×

Acknowledgment

This report has been reviewed by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council's Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the authors and the National Research Council in making the published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The content of the review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this report:


Albert Venosa, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio

Fred McLafferty, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

Rob Staffan, Environgen, Inc., Lawrenceville, New Jersey

George W. Parshall, DuPont Company, Wilmington, Delaware

Anne Street, GEO-CENTERS, Rockville, Maryland

Wayne Askew, University of Utah, Salt Lake City


While the individuals listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, responsibility for the final content of this report rests solely with the authoring committee and the National Research Council.

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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Tables, Figures, and Boxes

FIGURES

1-1

 

The ERDEC organization

 

15

2-1

 

Research and Technology Directorate of the ERDEC

 

21

TABLES

ES-1

 

Categories and Characteristics of the Assessment Model

 

4

1-1

 

Differences in Business Approaches of the Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs

 

16

1-2

 

Categories and Characteristics of the Assessment Model

 

17

2-1

 

Programmatic Review of the Mass Spectrometry Group

 

34

3-1

 

Programmatic Review of the Bioremediation Group

 

47

A-1

 

Customer Focus Category

 

61

A-2

 

Resources and Capabilities Category

 

63

A-3

 

Strategic Vision Category

 

70

A-4

 

Value Creation Category

 

74

A-5

 

Quality Focus Category

 

77

BOX

1-1

 

Example of the Four Stages of Maturity

 

18

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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This page in the original is blank.
Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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Acronyms


CB

chemical and biological

CBD

chemical and biological defense

CBW

chemical and biological warfare

CBDCOM

Chemical and Biological Defense Command

CSC

CBDCOM Standing Committee on Program and Technical Review of the U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command

CW

chemical warfare

CWA

chemical warfare agent


DETA

diethylenetriamine

DOD

U.S. Department of Defense

DS2

decontaminating solution 2


EGME

ethylene glycol monomethyl ether

ERDEC

Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center

ESI

electrospray ionization

ETT

Environmental Technology Team


MALDI

matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization

MIST

man-in-simulant test

MS/MS

mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer (any device that records the product ion spectrum generated from a precursor ion)


NRC

National Research Council

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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ORNL

Oak Ridge National Laboratory


RD&E

research, development, and engineering

RTD

Research and Technology Directorate


TOF

time of flight


VX

a chemical warfare nerve agent

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1998. Review of Mass Spectrometry and Bioremediation Programs of the Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6316.
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