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OCR for page 307
Inclex
A
Ablation, 283
pressure, 224
surface, 231
Accelerator, 18, 19
beat-wave, 104
collective, 101-103, 286
collective focusing, 103
cyclotron resonant, 105-106
electron-ring (ERA), 102-103
grating, 105
high-gradient, 105
inverse Cerenkov, 105
inverse free-electron-laser, 105
laser-driven, 103-107
radio-frequency (rf), 107-108
space-charge, 102
wave, 102
Accretion, 283
Acoustics, 69-70
Activation, 283
Active galactic nuclei, 283
Adiabatic compression, 283
Advanced Test Accelerator (ATA), 18,
99, 101
Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility
(AXAF), 267
307
Aerodynamics, 76-80
computational, 90
Aerosol suspensions, 29, 39
Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(AFOSR), 45, 46
Air shower, 283-284
Air-sea interaction, 69
Alcator tokamak, 162-163, 165-166
Alfven
speed, 284
waves, 84, 284
Alpha particle, 132, 146- 150, 284
Alpha-particle heating, 12
Ambipolar
diffusion, 284
potential, 180, 284
Analytical methods, 88-89
Anisotropy, 284
Anomalous transport, 165, 284
ANTARES laser, 235, 284
Antenna, 284
Army Research Office (ARO), 45, 46
Arterial disease, 81-82
Aspect ratio, 284
Astronomical research, 265-266
Astrophysical magnetospheres, 249, 251-
252
Astrophysical plasma physics, 14, 243-281
..
OCR for page 308
308 INDEX
active space experiments, 270-271
definition, 246
future research opportunities, 27-28
impact of research on, 264-266
laboratory experiments, 269-270
in last 10 years, 255-263
in next 10 years, 263-264
principal conclusions, 243-244
principal recommendations, 244
relationship between space plasma
physics and, 247-255
role of theory in, 271-272
significant recent accomplishments, 26-
27
support for, 35-36
in university curriculum, 280-281
Astrophysics, 280-281
Asymptotic analyses, 76-77
ATA (Advanced Test Accelerator), 18,
99, 101
Atmosphere, circulation of, 74
Atomic physics, 127-128
Atomic processes in plasmas, 124-128
Aurora, 252-254, 284-285
Auxiliary heating, 154, 285
AXAF (Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics
Facility), 267
Axial
confinement, 176, 178-181
losses, 176
B
Ballooning
instability. 285
mode, 167-168
Banana orbits, 164-165, 285
Barn, 285
Beam-plasma interactions, 262, 285
Beat-wave accelerator, 104
Beta
limits, 166-168, 181
values, 21, 23, 150, 152, 285
Bifurcation
sequence, 62
theory, 61
Biofluid
dynamics, 81-83
mechanics, see Fluid physics
Bioheat transfer theory, 82
Black holes, 259, 285
Blackbodies, plasmas as, 132
Blackjack V, 98, 101
Blanket, 285
Boundary-value problems, 58
Bow shocks, planetary, 27
Boycott effect, 67
Breakeven, 285
thermalized, 148-149
Breaking of waves, 68
Bremsstrahlung, 286
inverse, 111, 228-229, 292
Brillouin
instability, 229, 286
scattering, 286
Brownian motion, 59
Bubble formation, 75
Bumpsy tours, 286
Bunching, electron, 108-109, 289
Buoyancy-driven motion, 66-67
C
Calutron, 114
Carbon dioxide, increasing, 85
Carbon dioxide laser, 286
Cardiovascular fluid mechanics, 82
Caviton, 2, 118
Cellular physiological function, 31, 42
Central cell, 286
Central-cell plasma, 180-181
Cerenkov radiation, 286
CFD (computational fluid dynamics), 28,
38-39, 78, 89-91
Chaos in Hamiltonian systems, 116-117
Charge
exchange, 131, 286
neutrality, 286
Charged-particle beams, 99-100
Chemical kinetics, equations of, 49
Chromatography, hydrodynamic, 59
Circulation, mean, eddies and, 65
Classical
confinement, 286
plasma, ideal, 7-8
Cloudy-day effect, 232
Coating flows, 69
Coherent radiation, 286
Collective
accelerator, 101-103, 286
effects, 286
OCR for page 309
INDEX 309
fluctuations, 133
focusing accelerators, 103
Collimated bipolar jets, 249
Collision, 286
Collisional absorption, 228-229
Collisionless
plasma, 4, 286
shock waves, 120, 254-255, 287
shocks, 262
Combustion, 48-51
research, 92
underground, 49
Committee on Solar and Space Physics
(CSSP), 266-267
Compact toroids (CTs), 22, 195-204, 287
Compressed fuel, cold, 224
Computational
aerodynamics, 90
fluid dynamics (CFD), 28, 38-39, 78,
89-91
program, national, 15, 278-279
techniques, fluid physics, 43
Condensation, nonequilibrium, 75
Confinement
axial, 176, 178-181
classical, 286
inertial, see Inertial, confinement
magnetic, see Magnetic, confinement
parameter, 148, 179, 287
radial, 176, 183-184
toroidal, 304
Contact line, 69
Controlled thermonuclear fusion, 287
Convection, 66
cells, large-scale, 256
in materials processes, 67
turbulent buoyant, 66
Coriolis force, 74
Corona, 287
Cosmic ray, 27, 254, 287
Cosmic-ray observations, 15
Coulomb
collisions, 122
interaction energy, 7, 8
Coupled plasma physics, strongly, 8, 19,
136-140, 303
Coupling efficiency, 223-224
Cray computers, 138
CRM (cyclotron resonance masers), 109 E
Cross section, 287
Cryosurgery, 75
CSSP (Committee on Solar and Space
Physics), 266-267
CTs (compact toroids), 22, 195-204, 287
Current drive, 212-213, 287-288
radio-frequency, 21, 212-216
Cyclotron
frequency, radiation, and resonance,
288
resonance masers (CRM), 109
resonant accelerator, 105- 106
D
Darcy's law, 72
Data acquisition and instrumentation,
133-134
de Broglie wavelength, 8
Debye
length, 7
shielding, 140, 288
Dense plasma, 7
Density current, 67
Department of Energy (DOE), 45, 46, 47
Deuterium, 132, 146-150, 288
Deuterium-deuterium reaction, 148
Deuterium-tritium fuel, 13, 14, 24
Deuterium-tritium reaction, 146- 150
Deuteron, 288
Diagnostics, 288
heavy-ion, 132
plasma, 128-136
Dielectric recombination, 125
Direct
conversion, 288
converter, 174
illumination, 288
Disruption, 288
Divertor, 163, 288
DOE (Department of Energy), 45-47
Doppler measurements, 130-131
Double layers, 120, 288
Drag reduction, 52-53
Drift wave, 289
Drift-wave turbulence, 124
Driver, 289
energy, 155
technology, 25
Dynamo processes, 289
Earth's magnetic tail, 289
OCR for page 310
3 1 0 INDEX
Earth's magnetosphere, 249-250, 256
EBFA (Electron Beam Fusion Accelera-
tor), 98
EBT (Elmo Bumpy Torus), 22, 185- 189,
290
ECRH (electron cyclotron resonance
heating) power, 187, 206-212
Eddies, mean circulation and? 65
Eddy-resolving computer models, 29, 39
Education, fluid physics, 43-44, 45
Electrically conducting fluids, flows of,
83-84
Electromagnetic
modes, 110
radiation, 289
wave-plasma interaction, 111 - 116
Electron, 289
beams, intense, 98
bunching, 108-109, 289
collisional ionization, 126
cyclotron frequency, 114- 115
cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH)
power, 187, 206-212, 289
density, 289
gas, 8
heat transport in solar wind, 26
plasmas, 141 - 142
superthermal, 305
suprathermal, 229
temperature, 289
volt (eV), 147, 289
Electron Beam Fusion Accelerator
(EBFA), 98
Electron-ion scattering, 126
Electron-positron pair plasmas, 289
Electron-ring accelerator (ERA), 102-103
Electrostatic
localization, 182
plugging, 179, 289
potential, 290
Elmo Bumpy Torus (EBT), 22, 185- 189,
290
Elmo linear mirror, 187
End plugs, 290
End-mirror cells, 174-175
Endocytosis, 57
Energetic particles, acceleration of, 260-
261
Energy multiplication factor Q. 148-150
Energy-confinement time, 290
Energy-loss processes, 153
ERA (electron-ring accelerator), 102-103
Erosion switch, 100
eV (electron volt), 147, 289-290
Evaporation, nonequilibrium, 75
Executive summary, 1-35
Exocytosis, 57
"Exploding pusher?' regime, 233
F
FEL (free-electron laser), 5, 109, 290
Fermi energy, 8
Fertile material, 290
Field-reversed configuration (FRC), 195
203, 290
Fissile material, 290
Flame
turbulent, 50-51
propagation, 50
Flight, study of, 81
Flow
facilities, 93-94
physics, 9
systems, multiphase, 31, 41
Fluctuations, 290
Fluid
dynamics
computational (CFD), 28, 38-39, 78,
89-91
geophysical (GFD), 84-86
Lagrangian, 85
flow, stability of, 60-62
mechanics, see also Fluid physics
cardiovascular, 82
classical, 49
historical funding for, 48
viscous, 57-60
motion, 8-9, 36
turbulent, 2
physics, 8-1O, 36-94; see also Inertial,
confinement; Magnetic, confine
ment
branches of, 48-76
computational techniques, 43
education, 43-44, 45
future research opportunities, 22-23,
25, 30-32, 40-42
general findings concerning, 1-2
instrumentation techniques, 43
introduction and overview, 36-38
principal findings, 42-44
OCR for page 311
INDEX
principal recommendations, 44-45
recommendations, 2-3
research field of, 16-17
research support, 44-45
significant recent accomplishments,
20-22, 24-25, 28-30, 38-40
significant research opportunities, 40
support for, 35
support structure for, 42-43
technical disciplines, 88-94
topical subject areas, 76-88
Fluid-dynamic instrumentation tech
niques, 91-93
Fluid-dynamic modeling, 29, 40
Fluid-physics research funding levels, 47
Force-free states, turbulent relaxation to
119-120
Forced reconnection, 119
FRC (field-reversed configuration), 195- H
203, 290
Free-electron
laser (FEL), 5, 109, 290
radiation sources, 19, 107- 110, 290
"Frozen-in" theorem, 118
Fuel droplets, individual, 50
Fuel economy, 31, 41
transport, 78
Funding resources, 32, 33
Fusion, 290
applications, advanced, 236-237
concepts, alternate, 241
controlled thermonuclear, 287
laser, 112, 293
plasma, 5
confinement and heating, 11-14, 144
242
funding of research, 238-239
ignited, 12
scope and objectives of research, 144
156
power systems, 144
process, 146-150
reaction rate, 147
reactors, 236-237
research, 144-146
systems, inertial-confinement, 221-236
thermonuclear, 4-5, 108, 144
Fusion-fission hybrid, 290
G
Gabor lens, 142
311
Galaxy, 248
Gamma rays, 290
Gas dynamics, see Fluid, physics
Gas turbine engine, 37
Gaseous diffusion plants, 114
Geometrical optics, 291
Geophysical
flows, 54, 76
fluid dynamics (GFD), 84-86
motions, 60
turbulence, 65
GFD (geophysical fluid dynamics), 84-86
Grating accelerator, 105
Gravity current, 67
Guiding center, 291
Gyrofrequency, 206
Gyrotron, 109, 209, 291
Hamiltonian systems, chaos in, 116- 117
Heat flow, 231-232
Heavy-ion
beams, 155-156, 291
diagnostics, 132
Heavy-ion-beam generators, 226
Helical, term, 291
Hertz, 291
High-gradient accelerator, 105
High-speed flows, 55-56
HNC (hyper-netted chain) equation, 137-
138
Hohlraum, 25, 227, 291
Hybrid confinement system, 141
Hydrodynamic
chromatography, 59
efficiency, 291
instability, 234, 291
Hydrodynamics
low-Reynolds-number, 57-59
physicochemical, 58
radiation, 70-72
Hydromagnetic instability, 291
Hyper-netted chain (HNC) equation, 137-
138
I
ICRH (ion cyclotron resonance heating),
188-189, 206-212
Ideal magnetohydrodynamics, 122-123,
291
OCR for page 312
3 12 INDEX
Ignition, 224, 291-292
Implosion, 292
symmetry, 224
uniformity, 233-234
Impurities, 292
Induced spatial incoherence, 234
Inertial
confinement, 13-14, 145-146, 151, 154-
156, 292
future research opportunities, 25
national laboratories involved in, 34
principal findings and recommenda-
tions, 241-242
significant recent accomplishments,
24-25
confinement fusion systems, 221-236
major, 225
Instability theory, 74
Institutional involvement, 32-35
Instrumentation techniques
fluid-dynamic, 91-93
noninvasive, 30, 40
Intense beams, 97-101
Interchange
instability, 292
mode, 167
Interface phenomena, 67-69
Interferometry
microwave, 130
very-long-baseline technique, 259
International Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Program (ISTP), 267, 276-277
Inverse bremsstrahlung, 111, 228-229,
292
Inverse Cerenkov accelerator, 105
Inverse free-electron-laser accelerator,
105
Ion, 292
acoustic wave, 292
beams, intense, 98
cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH),
188-189, 206-212, 292
temperature, 292
Ion-ion collisions, 126
Ionization, 292
Ionization Front Accelerator, 102
Ionosphere, 4, 292
Irradiation, 292
Isotope, 292
separation, 114-116
separation research, 5
ISTP (International Solar-Terrestrial
Physics Program), 266, 275-276
J
JET (Joint European Torus), 158, 293
Jet noise, 70
Jets
collimated bipolar, 249
magnetohydrodynamic, 257-259
Joint European Torus (JET), 158, 293
JT-60, 293
K
KAM (Kolmogorov-Arnol'd-Moser) theo-
rem, 116
Kedem-Katchalsky equations, 56
Kilometric radiation, 293
Kink
instability, 293
mode, 167
Klystron, 107, 293
Kolmogorov-Arnol'd-Moser (KAM) theo-
rem, 116
Krypton-fluoride
excimer laser, 25
laser, 293
L
Lagrangian fluid dynamics, 85
Laminar-flame structures, 50
Langmuir
turbulence, 118
wave, 293
Large-scale plasma flows, 256-259
Laser, 293
free-electron (FEL), 5, 109, 290
fusion, 112, 293
krypton fluoride examiner, 25, 293
light, 111
coupling of, to plasma, 228, 231
neodymium-glass, 226, 297
pumping, 293
scattering, 130
Laser-coupling physics, 13
Laser-driven accelerators, 103-107
Laser-plasma coupling, 24, 25
Laser-target physics, 226-227
OCR for page 313
INDEX 3 13
Lawson
criterion, 293
parameter, 20-21, 148
LHH (lower-hybrid frequency), 208, 209,
212
Lie algebraic techniques, 120
Light-ion
beams, 293
driver technology, 24
fusion, 293
Light-ion-beam generators, 226
Limiter, 163, 293-294
Linear stability theory, 83
Linear waves, 294
Liquefied natural gas, 49
Loss cone, 294
Loss-cone instabilities, 177-178, 294
Low-impedance multiterawatt machines,
98
Low-Reynolds-number hydrodynamics,
57-59
Lower hybrid, 294
Lower-hybrid frequency (LHH), 208,
209, 212
Luce diode, 102
M
Macroscopic
equilibrium, 122
instability, 294
Macrostability, 176, 181-183
Magnetic
bottle, 150, 153, 294
confinement, 11-13, 20-23, 145, 150-
154, 294; see also Stellarator;
Tokamak
mirror, 151, 152
plasma theory developments related
to, 120-124
principal findings and recommenda-
tions, 240-241
toroidal, 151, 152, 304
universities involved in, 34
field, 4
interaction of turbulence with, 259-
260
flux, 121
hills and wells, 122-123
insulation, 294
island, 294
mirror, 294
mirror confinement, 294-295
mirror field, 173
mirror systems, 172-185; see also Mir-
ror entries
pressure, 295
reconnection, 118-119, 252-254
storm, 265, 295
Magnetic Fusion Advisory Committee
(MFAC), 12
Magneto hydrodynamic
atmospheres and winds, 248-249
instability, 181
jets, 257-259
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), 84, 247,
295
ideal, 122-123, 292
resistive, 123, 301
Magnetopause, 295
Magnetosonic waves, 295
Magnetosphere, 26, 249-252, 295
astrophysical, 249, 251-252
Earth's, 249-250, 256
neutron star, 257
planetary, 249, 251-252, 256
Magnetron, 107
relativistic, 109
Manpower resources, 32, 33
Marangoni ejects, 61
Marx generator, 295
MFAC (Magnetic Fusion Advisory Com-
mittee), 12
MHD, see Magnetohydrodynamics
Microhydrodynamic theory, 82
Microinstabilities, 123-124, 166, 173, 296
in tokamaks, 20
Micrometer, 296
Microscopic instability, 296
Microstability, 176, 177-178
Microwave interferometry, 130
Microwaves, 296
Minimum-B configuration, 296
Minimum-energy state, 296
Mirror, 172-173
machine, 152-153
single-cell, 174, 179, 180
tandem, 174-185
magnetic confinement, 151, 152
ratio, 178, 179, 296
tandem, see Tandem mirror entries
OCR for page 314
314 INDEX
Modeling, 88-89
numerical, 6
Modular stellarator, 157
Molecular-scale phenomena, 56
Monte Carlo techniques, 57, 137-139, 296
Multiphase flow, 86-88
flow systems, 31, 41
Multiphoton excitation, 29, 39-40
Multiterawatt machines, low-impedance,
98
N
National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration (NASA), 46, 47
National computational program, 15, 278-
279
National Magnetic Fusion Energy Com-
puter Center (NMFECC), 11, 240
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
ministration (NOAA), 46, 47
National Science Foundation (NSF), 46,
47
Natural gas, liquefied, 49
Navier-Stokes equations, 49, 88
Reynolds-averaged, 90, 91
Negative-ion beams, 296
Neoclassical, term, 296
Neodymium-glass laser, 226, 296
Neutral
gas interaction with plasma, 263-264
injection, 296
plasma, 140-141
Neutral-beam heating, 21, 204, 216-221
Neutron, 132, 296
star, 27, 297
star magnetosphere, 257
NMFECC (National Magnetic Fusion
Energy Computer Center), 11, 240
NMR (nuclear-magnetic-resonance)
scans, 116
NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmo-
spheric Administration), 46, 47
Noise generation, 70
Nonequilibrium evaporation and conden-
sation, 75
Noninvasive instrumentation techniques,
SO, 40
Nonlinear, term, 297
Nonlinear wave, 297
Nonneutral plasma, 20, 140-143, 297
Non-Newtonian fluids, 51-53
NOVA neodymium-glass laser, 235, 297
NSF (National Science Foundation), 46,
47
Nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR)
scans, 116
Nuclear
reactions, vortex containment of, 55
reactors, 86
war, 85
Nucleation phenomena, 75
Nucleosynthesis, 297
Nucleus, polarized, 236
Numerical models and simulations, 6, 16-
17, 89, 274-280, 297
o
Oceanographic sensors, 92
Oceans, circulation of, 74
OCP (one-component classical plasma),
136-139
Office of Naval Research (ONR), 46, 47
Ohmic heating, 297
One-component classical plasma (OCP),
136-139
ONR (Office of Naval Research), 46, 47
OPEN mission, 266
Osmosis, 57
microstructure of, 83
p
Parametric
decay, 229, 297
instabilities, 111-112, 118, 297-298
Particle
acceleration, 254
confinement and transport, 262
ring, 196-197, 298
Particle Beam Fusion Accelerator
(PBFA), 98
Particle-beam inertial fusion, 226
Particulate suspensions, 29, 39
PBFA (Particle Beam Fusion Accelera-
tor), 98
PBFA I (Particle Beam Fusion Accelera-
tor), 98
PBFA II, 297
Pellet design, 24
Penning trap, 141
OCR for page 315
INDEX 3 15
Perfusion, lung, 83
Phase change, 74-76
Photon, 298
Physicochemical hydrodynamics, 58
Physics
atomic, 127-128
flow, 9
fluid, see Fluid entries
laser-coupling, 13
laser-target, 226-227
plasma, see Plasma, physics transport,
202
Physiological function, cellular, 31, 42
Pinch effect, 298
Pipe flows, 75
Pipelines, slurry, 87
Pitch angle, 298
scattering, 298
Planetary
bow shocks, 27
magnetospheres, 249, 251-252, 256
rotation, 74
Plasma, 4, 95, 298
activity, time-resolved, 132-133
atomic processes in, 124-128
as blackbody, 132
central-cell, 180-181
classification of, 6-8
collisionless, 4, 286
confinement, 144-146, 298; see also
Inertial, confinement; Magnetic,
confinement
corona, 111
coupling of laser light to, 228-231
cross section, 298
dense, 7
dense nonneutral, 10
diagnostics, 128-136
effects, 3
electromagnetic wave interaction with,
111-116
electron, 141-142
equilibrium, 298
erosion opening switch, 100
flows, large-scale, 256-259
flows, small-scale, 166
frequency, 298
fusion, see Fusion, plasma
heating, 204-221
ideal classical, 7-8
instabilities, 153, 298
jet, 27
neutral, 140-141
neutral gas interaction with, 262-263
nonlinear phenomenain, 116-120
nonneutral, 20, 140-143, 297
one-component classical (OCP), 136-
139
oscillations, 4, 245
parameters, 134
tokamak, 161, 162
physics
applications of, 1-2
astrophysical, see Astrophysical
plasma physics
basic, 95
basic research, 10
emergence of, 3-6
funding for, 32-33
future research opportunities, 19-20
general, 10-11, 95-143
scope and objectives of, 95-97
general findings concerning, 1-2
magnetic confinement and, 120-124
modern, 4, 245
nonlinear, 2, 10, 96
Rayleigh-Taylor instability in, 26
recommendations, 2-3
research in, 33, 97
significant recent accomplishments,
18-19
solar-system, 14- 15, 266-267
space, see Space plasma physics
strongly coupled, 136- 140, 302
in university curriculum, 279-281
plug, 181
quantum, 8
radiation, 298-299
space, 5-6
strongly coupled, 8, 19, 302
with superhigh-energy densities, 277
temperature, 6-7
tenuous, 6
toroidal, 161
wave, 299
Plasma-arc centrifuge, 142
Plug plasma, 181
Polarization, 299
Polarized nucleus, 236
Poloidal
diverter, 299
field, 299
OCR for page 316
3 16 INDEX
Ponderomotive force, 18, 299
Porous media, 72-73
Positron, 299
Process simulations in next decade, 276-
277
Proton, 299
Proton Beam Fusion Accelerator (PBFA
A, 98
Pulsar, 252, 299
Pulse power
system, 299
technology, 97-98
Pulselac, 103
Pumped limiter, 163, 299
Q
Q energy multiplication factor, 148-150
Quantitative models, 273-275
Quantum plasma, 8
Quasars, 299-300
R
Radar, 108
backscatter, 300
Radial
very-high-frequency, 271
confinement, 176, 183-184
losses, 176
Radiation, 300
belts, terrestrial, 4
hydrodynamics, 70-72
sources, free-electron, 19-20, 107-110,
290
Radio emissions, generation of, 262
Radio-frequency (rf)
accelerators, 107-108
current drive, 21, 212-216
heating, 204-212, 300
frequencies and power sources used
for, 206
major ongoing projects, 208
major planned experiments, 212
Radio galaxies, 300
Radius of gyration, 300
Raman instability, 229, 300
Raman scattering, stimulated (SRS), 112
Rayleigh-Taylor instability, 26, 234-235
Reacting flows, 48-51
Reconnection, 26, 260, 300
forced, 119
magnetic, 118-119, 252-254
Refraction, 300
Relativistic
magnetron, 109
particles, 301
"Reptation" theory, 53
Resistive
instability, 301
magnetohydrodynamics, 123, 301
Resonance absorption, 111, 229
"Resonant transport" loss, 183-184
Resources, funding and manpower, 32,
33
Reversed-field pinch (REP), 22, 190-195,
301
Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equa-
tions, 90, 91
rf, see Radio-frequency entries
RFP (reversed-field pinch), 22, 190-195,
301
Rheology, 53
Rotating phenomena, 73-74
Rotational
fields, initially, 53-54
transform, 160, 301
S
Safety factor, 301
Scattering, 301
Second stability regime, 301
Secondary flow, 54
Sediment transport, 68
Sedimentation of particles, 59
Self-focusing instabilities, 229-230
Separated flows, 55
Separation, isotope, 114-116
Separatrix, 195, 301
Shear flows, 64
deformation and breakup of small
drops in, 68
Shock-free flows, 77
Single-cell mirror machine, 174, 179, 180
Single-particle orbits, 121
Single-phase flows, 72-73
Size scaling, 22
Slurry pipelines, 87
Solar
chromosphere, 302
corona, 27, 301
coronal holes, 256, 301
coronal loops, 256, 301
OCR for page 317
INDEX 3 17
flare, 252, 264, 301-302
photosphere, 302
research, 246
surface, 26
system, 6, 14, 243
wind, 4, 248-249, 253, 302
electron heat transport in, 26
Solar-system plasma physics, 14- 15, 266-
267
Solar-terrestrial physics, 302
Solar-Terrestrial Theory Program, 272
Solid surface, spreading of liquids on, 69
Soliton, 2, 18, 68, 117-118, 302
Sound generation and propagation, 69-70
Space charge, 302
accelerators, 102
Space plasma physics, 5-6, 14-15, 243-281
active space experiments, 270-271
definition, 246
future research opportunities, 27-28
impact of research on, 264-265
laboratory experiments, 269-270
in last 10 years, 255-263
in next 10 years, 263-264
principal conclusions, 243-244
principal recommendations, 244
relationship between astrophysical
plasma physics and, 247-255
relationship between laboratory and,
246-247
role of theory in, 271-272
significant recent accomplishments, 26-
27
support for, 34-35
in university curriculum, 279-280
Space Shuttle, 271
Spectroscopy, 130-131
Spheromak, 19, 192, 196, 198, 199-201,
302
SRS (stimulated Raman scattering), 112
Stability of fluid flow, 60-62
Statistical phenomena, 56-57
Stellarator, 22, 156-172, 302
current frontiers of research, 168-171
major advances, 161-168
modular, 157
prospects for future advances, 171-172
representative, 159
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), 112
STM (Symmetric Tandem Mirror) experi-
ment, 188
Strange attractors, 64, 120
Substorms, 302
Sun, 246, 248; see also Solar entries
in situ measurements near, 263
Sunspot, 302-303
Super-Alfvenic, term, 303
Superconductor, 303
Supernova, 303
Supersettlers, 67
Superthermal electrons, 303
Suprathermal electrons, 229
Surfatron, 104
Suspended particles, 67
Suspensions, particulate and aerosol, 29,
39
Symmetric Tandem Mirror (STM) experi-
ment, 188
Synchrotron radiation, 303
Systems models in next decade, 275-276
T
Tailed radio galaxies, 252
Tandem mirror, 12, 303
concept, 21, 23
system, 174-185
Symmetric (STM), 188
Target, 303
Tearing instability, 303
Tearing mode, 167, 168
Temperature, plasma, 6-7
Tenuous plasma, 6
Terrella, 303
Terrestrial radiation belts, 4
TFTR (Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor),
12, 158, 303
Thermal
barrier, 303-304
conductivity, 304
Thermalized breakeven, 148-149
Thermonuclear
burn, 304
conditions, 304
fusion, 4-5, 108, 144; see also Fusion
entries
controlled, 287
Theta-pinch configuration, 5
Thomson scattering, 130
Three-dimensional flows, 90
Time-resolved plasma activity, 132-133
Tokamak, 5, 11, 108, 152, 156-172, 304
Alcator, 162-163, 165-166
approach, 20
OCR for page 318
3 18 INDEX
current frontiers of research, 168- 171
major advances, 161 - 168
plasma parameters, 160, 162
prospects for future advances, 171-172
representative, 159
scaling laws, 23
trapped-particle orbits in, 164
Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR),
12, 158, 304
Tokamak-stellarator hybrids, 170-171
Toroidal
field, 304
magnetic confinement, 151, 152, 304
plasma, 161
Toroids, compact (CTs), 22, 195-204, 287
Torsatron, 304
Transmission line, 304
Transport
fuel economy, 78
physics, 202
Trapped particles, 304
Traveling-wave tube, 107
Tritium, 146-150, 304
Triton, 304
Tsunamis, 68
Turbomachinery flows, 73
Turbulence, 30, 40, 62-66, 304
drift-wave, 124
geophysical, 65
interaction of, with magnetic fields,
259-260
Langmuir, 118
Turbulent
buoyant convection, 66
flame, 50-51
flows, 28-29, 39
fluid motion, 2
relaxation to force-free states, 119- 120
Two-plasmon instability, 229
U
Underground combustion, 49
University curriculum, plasma physics
in, 279-281
Unsteady separated flows, 56
V
Vacuum-plasma-arc centrifuge, 115
Velocity space instability, 305
Ventilation, lung, 83
Very-high-frequency radar backscatter,
270
Very-long-baseline-interferometry
(VLBI) technique, 259
Viscosity-dominated flows, 57-60
Viscous fluid mechanics, 57-60
VLBI (very-long-baseline-interferometry)
technique, 258-259
Vortex containment of nuclear reactions,
55
Vortex tubes, 54
Vortex-dominated flows, 53-55
W
W Weissenberg number, 52
Wave accelerators, 102
Wave-antenna coupling, 207
Wave-particle interactions, 305
Wave propagation, 207
Waveguide, 305
Wavelength, 305
Waves, breaking of, 68
Weissenberg number W. 52
Wiggler field, 105, 109
X
X ray, 305
X-ray sources, Z-pinch, 99
z
Z-pinch, 305
Z-pinch x-ray sources, 99
Representative terms from entire chapter:
beam fusion
