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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Systematic Design Structure for an Ergonomic Bus Operator Workstation Figure 2.2: Extreme Component Adjustments Required in the DEP Approach 2.7 Figure 2.3: Visibility Cones Resulting from the HRP Approach 2.8 Figure 2.4: Visibility and Reachability in the NSRP Approach 2.9 Figure 2.5: Geometric Relationship between H-point (SgRP) and SRP 2.9 Figure 2.6: illustration Example of Locating SRP position from SgRP 2. ~ O Figure 2.7: Static Driving Posture 2.13 Figure 2.8: Dynamic Driving Posture 2. ~ 4 Figure 2.9a: Reference Locations of a Bus Operator Workstation - Plan View 2. ~ ~ Figure 2.9b: Reference Locations of a Bus Operator Workstation - Side View 2. ~ 9 Figure 2.9c: Reference Locations of a Bus Operator Workstation - Side View 2.20 Figure 2.10: Strategic Classification Portfolio of Design Variables 2.29 Figure 2.] la: Linear Anthropometric Variables - Plan View (] of 3 ~2.33 Figure 2. ~ ~ b: Linear Anthropometric Variables - Side View (2 of 3~ Figure 2. ~ ~ c: Linear Anthropometric Variables - Front View (3 of 3) 2.35 Figure 2. ~ 2a: Angular Anthropometric Variables - Plan View (1 of 3) 2.37 Figure 2.12b: Angular Anthropometric Variables - Side View (2 of 3 ~2.38 Figure 2.12c: Angular Anthropometric Variables - Front View (3 of 3 ~2.39 Figure 2. ~ 3: Relative Influence and Dependence of Design Subsystems 2.43 Figure 2.14: Algorithm of Functional Design Relationship Development 2.47 Figure 2. ~ 5: View of Workstation Mockup 2.55 Figure 2.16a: Mockup Dimensions, Top View 2.56 Figure 2.16b: Mockup Dimensions, Side View (RIP not Shown) 2.57 Figure 2.16c: Mockup Dimensions, Side View CLIP not Shown) 2.58 Figure 2.17: Viewing Angles in the Mockup 2.61 Figure 2.1 8: Visibility Evaluation Result of Mock-up 2.62 Figure 2. ~ 9: Reach Evaluation Result of Mock-up 2.62 Figure 2.20: Comfort Evaluation Result of Mock-up 2.63 Figure 2.2 I: Adjustability Evaluation Result of Mock-up 2.63 Figure 2.22: Ease of Ingress/Egress Evaluation Result of Mock-up 2.64 Figure 3. I: Original GMC Workstation 3.2 Figure 3.2: Retrofitted Workstation 3.2 Figure 3.3: Driving Course Layout of the PTI Test Track 3.12 Figure 3.4: Stature Distribution of the Subjects Participated 3.14 Figure 3.5: Comparison of the Design Values and the Prototype Test Results (Plan View) 3. 1 7 Comparison of Design Values and Prototype Test Results (Side View) 3.1 7 Comparison of Design Values and Prototype Test Results (Side View) 3. Means and 95% Confidence intervals of Overall Subjective Judgments on Bus Operator's Workstations 3.20 Figure 3.9: Means and 95% Confidence Intervals of Overall Subjective 3.21 Figure 3.6: Figure3.7: Figure 3.~: o - 1V
Judgment of Ease of Ingress/Egress of Stature Groups 3.2 i Figure 3.10: Means and 95% Confidence Intervals of Overall Subjective 3.23 Judgment of Standard and Prototype Bus Workstations Figure 3. ~ I: Means and 95°/O Confidence Intervals of Viewing Angles .3.23 .......... ~ ),5 Over Central Instrument Panel Figure 3.12: Dynamic Shoulder Movement Distributions During Operating 3.31 the Prototype on the Oval-track and Lock-to-Iock Courses 3.31 Figure 3.13: Body Part Comfort Level Changes per Stature Group and Test Session..3.37 Figure 3.14: Body Part Comfort Level Changes per Stature Group and Body Part from Pre-driving to 10 Laps of Oval Track Driving 3.37 Figure 3.15: Insignificant Relationships between Max Grip Forces and Exerted Grip Forces ........................................................................................... Figure 3.16: Average Floor PSD - Prototype Results............. Figure 3.17: Average Suspension PSD - Prototype Results ... Figure 3.18: Average Floor / Suspension Transmissibilities. Figure 4.1: Left and Right Instrument Panels ......................... Figure 4.2: Center Instrument Panel.......... Figure 4.3 a, - Hanging Pedals........... Figure 4.4 Prototype Workstation................ ~ . ~ . . - v ....... 3.25 ........ 3.40 ...... 3.43 .3.44 ...... 3.44 ............. 4.7 .~4.7 ....4.8 Figure 4.5: Specifications, Plan View 4.12 Figure 4.6: Specifications, Side View (LIP and RIP not Shown) 4.12 Figure 4.7: Specifications, Side View (Steering Wheel Not Shown) 4.14