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Source
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Method/Unit/Level of Detail
|
Activities Valued
|
|
Value of Human Health
|
|
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1997)
|
21 labor market estimates and 5 contingent valuation studies
|
Mortality ($4.8 million per statistical life)
|
|
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1997)
|
Willingness-to-pay studies or cost of illness
|
Chronic bronchitis, ischemic heart disease, shortness of breath, acute bronchitis (ranges from $260,000 per case for chronic bronchitis to $5.30 per day for shortness of breath)
|
|
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1997)
|
Labor market studies
|
Work-loss days ($83 per day)
|
|
Surface Water Quality
|
|
Ribaudo and Piper (1991)
|
Recreation demand model
|
National recreational fishing benefits from reduced sediment pollution
|
|
Carson and Mitchell (1993)
|
Contingent valuation method
|
Willingness to pay to improve the nation's water quality from nonboatable status to swimmable status
|
|
Wetlands
|
|
Hoehn and Loomis (1993), Phillips et al. (1993), and Lant and Roberts (1990)
|
Contingent valuation method
|
Protection of wetlands and wildlife habitat and water quality, and quantity decrements to nonconverted wetlands
|
|
Groundwater Quality
|
|
Sun et al. (1992)
|
Contingent valuation method
|
Keeping groundwater quality below EPA health advisory levels in southwestern Georgia
|
|
Jordan and Elnagheeb (1993)
|
Contingent valuation method
|
Protection from nitrate contamination of groundwater serving wells and drinking water utilities in Georgia
|
