A range of such management metrics are required to assess and drive change associated with exploiting the full leverage of C4I in warfighting. Metrics aligned with such key areas as interoperability, security, and overall rate of implementation, as well as such associated elements as training, and skill resource levels, are called for. These metrics must be as quantitative as possible, though in some cases judgment-based ratings will have to be used. The metrics should be applied to units as well as commanders at higher echelons in a manner consistent with their responsibilities. Box 4.3 provides some examples of management metrics for gauging progress toward C4I implementation goals.