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OCR for page 95
CHAPTER 5
RECOMMENDATIONS
There currently are no uniformly accepted criteria for procedures to
establish the precise color vision requirements for various types of
jobs. However, the expense of such an undertaking is great, and
Working Group 41 is reluctant to recommend such an expensive project.
Working Group 41 has noted that many jobs may be broadly characterized
according to whether the task involves
normal or good color vision (i.e., exclusion of people with
major color defects);
representative color vision; or
excellent chromatic discrimination.
.
.
Clinical tests exist to evaluate these characteristics in standardized
illuminations. For applications in which color matching is made under
varying environmental conditions, field tests may be more appropriate.
Working Group 41 therefore recommends that color vision requirements
for various jobs be established individually within industry and the
military as needed (and as funds for the projects arise).
Working Group 41 has indicated a broad range of color vision tasks
and the clinical tests that may be used to evaluate each.
For tasks from which people with major color vision defects
must be excluded, any of the validated screening plate tests
should be used.
For tasks that require representative color vision (color
matching in printing and textile industries), a color-matching
task must be used, and anomaloscope examination is recommended.
For tasks involving fine chromatic discrimination, the FM
100-hue test is recommended.
From our survey of existing plate tests, it is clear that the
quantification of chromatic discriminative ability within a single test
is not very successful. Multiple cutoff scoring standards are
inappropriate for a single plate test. A test battery, however, may
prove suitable to establish a graduation of chromatic discriminative
ability among people with color vision defects.
95
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However, the test
OCR for page 96
96
results will not necessarily predict chromatic discriminative ability
of color-defective observers for specific tasks.
A major gap in our knowledge is prediction of color recognition or
identification under the widely varying contexts and illuminants
encountered in the field. This is of particular importance in jobs
that involve diverse duties rather than one easily identified color
task. The ability to identify or recognize colors is strongly
dependent on field and environmental factors. No standard clinical
test can predict color identification/recognition ability, especially
in the color-defective population. Furthermore, limited field tests
for color recognition/identification may not be valid, since these
tests themselves will not necessarily encompass the full environmental
range to be found in practice. It therefore would seem beneficial to
aim further research at the prediction of color recognition/
identification in various field conditions.
,
e
Representative terms from entire chapter:
chromatic discriminative
