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Biographies
DONALD R. MATTISON, Chairman, Subcommittee on Reproductive and Neurodevelopmental
Toxicology, is professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Arkansas
for Medical Sciences and medical officer at the National Center for Toxicological
Research. His research interests, as reflected in his numerous publications, include
reproductive pharmacology and toxicology, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and
spectroscopy, and risk assessment. He has served on committees for the National
Research Council, the National Institutes of Health, the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Dr. Mattison also serves on the
editorial board of Reproductive Toxicology, Developmental Pharmacology and Toxicology,
and Risk Analysis.
JUDITH L. BUELKE-SAM is an associate within the Department of Genetic and Developmental
toxicology at Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, where she is involved
in the design, conduct, and interpretation of preclinical toxicity studies for Japanese
submission. She is the current president of the Behavioral Teratology Society, a
member of the Behavioral Toxicology Task Force of the Drug Safety Subsection, Phar-
maceutical Manufacturers' Association, and on the editorial advisory board of
Neurotoxicology and Teratology. Ms. Buelke-Sam was an organizer and principal
investigator for the collaborative behavioral teratology study, coordinated by
the National Center for Toxicological Research, for which she received the FDA
Commissioner's Special Citation. -- ~
evaluation in characterizing the pharmacology and toxicology of new pharmaceutical
agents.
Her current research addresses the role of behavioral
ROBERT E. CANFIELD is professor of medicine and director of the Irving Center for
Clinical Research at the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center in New York. Dr.
Canfield~s primary research interests include the chemistry and immunology of
gonadotropin hormones and fibrinogen, as well as research related to metabolic bone
disease. He is an author or coauthor of many research publications in all three fields.
J. DAVID ERICKSON has been at the Centers for Disease Control since 1974, serving
first as an epidemiologist and later, Chief in the Birth Defects Branch, Chief of
the Etiologic Studies Section, Director of the Agent Orange Projects, Chief of the
373
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374
BIOGRAPHIES
Cancer Branch, and most recently, as Chief of the Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases
Branch. He has also served on numerous professional and government advisory committees,
including the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Committee on
Reproductive Effects of the Workplace, the Surgeon General's Advisory Committee
on the Health Consequences of Using Smokeless Tobacco, and the Veterans Administration
Advisory Committee on Health-Related Effects of Herbicides. He has also served on
the Panel on Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology of the National Research
Council and was a recent editor of the epidemiology section in the publication Teratology.
He is currently chairman of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Monitoring
Programs.
Dr. Erickson's research interests include the causes and prevention of human birth
defects and human genetics. Board certified by the American Board of Dental Public
Health, he belongs to numerous professional societies, including the American Epidemio-
logical Society, the American College of Epidemiology, the Society for Epidemiologic
Research, the American Society of Human Genetics, and the Teratology Society. He
holds a D.D.S. degree from the University of Alberta, an M.P.H. degree from the
University of Minnesota, and a Ph.D. degree from the University of Washington.
LARRY L. EWING, chairman of the male reproductive toxicology panel, is a professor
of Population Dynamics at the Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public
Health. Dr. Ewing has served as editor-in-chief of Biology of Reproduction, associate
editor of The Physiology of Reproduction, and editorial board member of the professional
journals, American Journal of Physiology, Endocrinology, Biology of Reproduction, and
the Journal of Andrology.
Dr. Ewing has served as president of the Society of the Study of Reproduction and
the American Society of Andrology and was a member of the Reproductive Biology Section
for the National Institutes of Health. He is presently chairman of Subcommittee
3 of the Clinical Sciences Study Section. He has also served on the National Research
Council of the National Academy of Sciences and with numerous federal advisory groups
that include the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Agriculture,
the Veterans Administration, the Office of Technology Assessment, and the Food and
Drug Administration. His current research is in male reproductive biology.
W. PAGE FAULK is director of experimental pathology at the Center for Reproduction
and Transplantation Immunology at Methodist Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana. He
was formerly professor of immunology at the University of Nice and director of research
at the Royal College of Surgeons' Blond-McIndoe Transolantation Institute at East
_ _ .
,
Grinstead, Sussex, England. His career in pregnancy immunology research has included
positions with the World Health Or~nni7.ntinn ~nr1 the British M~1inn1 R~c~nrnh tail
~ ~ ~ . . .. . . . _ _ _ . .
and professorships at the Medical University of South Carolina, the University of
Texas, and Brisbane University. He is cofounder, and for many years, coeditor of
Placenta. His research is primarily concerned with interlocking aspects of immunolog-
ical responses in pregnancy, organ transplantation, and cancer.
CALEB E. FINCH is ARCO/William F. Kieschnick Professor in the Department of Neurobiology
of Aging at the Andrus Gerontology Center of the University of Southern California.
He is a neurobiologist with major interests in the neuroendocrinology of aging and
in Alzheimer's disease. Dr. Finch is also on the National Advisory Council to the
National Institute on Aging.
WALDERICO M. GENEROSO is a senior scientist in the biology division of the Oak Ridge
National Laboratory in Tennessee. His research includes the mechanisms for induction
of heritable mutations in mice, genetic risk evaluation, and understanding the etiology
of mutagen-induced developmental anomalies. He was leader of the U.S. Environmental
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BIOGRAPHIES
375
Protection Agency Gene-Tox Working Group on Heritable Translocation Tests in Mice
and of the International Group on Commission for Protection Against Environmental
Mutagens and Carcinogens Working Group on Dominant-Lethal Tests in Rodents. He served
as a member of the EPA Gene-Tox Committee on Risk Assessment, the National Academy
of Sciences/National Research Council Panel on Anticholinesterase Chemicals and
their Panel on Cholinesterase Reactivators. Dr. Generoso has also served as councilor
of the Environmental Mutagen Society. He is a member of the editorial boards of Mutation
Research and Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis, and was senior editor of the
book, DNA Repair and Mutagenesis in Eukaryotes. He also served as coeditor of the
books, Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis and Cellular Mutation, Cancer,
and Malformation.
JAMES E. GIBSON is director of toxicology affairs, the Dow Chemical Company, Midland,
Michigan and has been, until recently, vice-president and director of research for
the Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
He also serves as an adjunct professor in toxicology at the University of North Carolina
and North Carolina State University, and in pharmacology at the Duke University Medical
Center. Dr. Gibson holds an undergraduate degree from Drake University and M.S.
and Ph.D degrees in pharmacology from the University of Iowa. He is a Diplomate,
Academy of Toxicological Sciences, and holds leadership posts in many professional
societies. He also serves in editorial and advisory capacities for many professional
publications. In addition, Dr. Gibson serves on numerous professional, industry,
and government advisory boards, the most recent of which include the Scientific Review
Panel of the National Library of Medicine, the Science Advisory Board of the Environmen-
tal Protection Agency, the Environmental Health Sciences Review Committee of the
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the Scientific Board of Scientific
Directors, ILSI Risk Science Institute, and the Advisory Committee for the Joint
Industry Research Project on Benzene. Dr. Gibson was also a panelist on the National
Academy of Sciences/National Research Council's Subcommittee on Toxicology, Safe
Drinking Water Committee.
STANLEY R. GLASSER is a faculty member in the Department of Cell Biology and Center
for Population Research and Studies in Reproductive Biology at the Baylor College
of Medicine. His laboratory is charged with the analysis of the cellular and molecular
biological mechanisms that regulate the reciprocal relationships between the early
mammalian embryo and individual cell types of the uterine endometrium that allow
their temporally circumscribed interaction.
Dr. Glasser received a B.A. degree in zoology and a B.S. degree in animal husbandry
from Cornell University, and a Ph.D. degree from Rutgers University. He was a member
of the radiation biology faculty at the University of Rochester Medical School and
in the obstetrics and gynecology faculty at Vanderbilt Medical School. He has also
been a fellow of the Weizmann Institute and has served on advisory panels of Task
Force III of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the National
Science Foundation. Dr. Glasser has organized a number of international symposia
focusing on early mammalian development and has served on the editorial boards of
his scientific societies. His publications include two books devoted to the regulatory
biology of early pregnancy.
BERNARD D. GOLDSTEIN is chairman of the Department of Environmental and Community
Medicine at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson
Medical School. He is also director of the Environmental and Occupational Health
Sciences Institute, director of the graduate program in public health, and director
of an NIEHS Center of Excellence, all joint programs of Rutgers University and UMDNJ.
Dr. Goldstein, a physician board-certified in internal medicine and hematology,
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BIOGRAPHIES
was a faculty member in the departments of Environmental Medicine and Medicine at
New York University Medical Center until 1980, when he joined the staff of the UMDNJ.
From 1983 to 1985, Dr. Goldstein was assistant administrator for research and development
of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. He has been a member and chairman of
the National Institutes of Health Toxicology Study Section and of EPA's Clean Air
Scientific Advisory Committee. He was also chairman of the National Academy of Sciences
Institute of Medicine Committee on the Role of the Physician in Occupational and
Environmental Medicine, and currently chairs the NRC Committee on the Biomarkers
in Environmental Health Research.
ARTHUR F. HANEY is an associate professor and the director of the Division of Reproduc-
tive Endocrinology and Infertility in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
with a joint appointment in Radiology at the Duke University Medical Center, Durham,
North Carolina.
He has served as a consultant for the National Institutes of Health, the Environmental
Protection Agency, and the National Toxicology Program. He serves as an examiner
for the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology and represented the United States
in a scientific exchange with the People Republic of China. He is an active clinician,
primarily involved in the assisted reproductive technologies. His research interests
include the evaluation of reproductive toxicity with in vitro systems, the characteriza-
tion of genital tract teratogenicity, the reproductive consequences of prenatal
diethylstilbestrol exposure, and treatments for infertility.
MAUREEN C. HATCH is assistant professor of epidemiology at the Columbia University
School of Public Health. She is also affiliated with the Gertrude H. Sergievsky
Center at Columbia and the Columbia Comprehensive Cancer Center. Dr. Hatch has also
served on expert and research review groups for the National Institute for Occupational
Safetv and Health, the U. S. Environmental Protection A~encv. the National Institute
for Child health and Human Development, and the task force on environmental cancer
and heart and lung disease. Her current research is on stress in pregnancy and low-
level radiation and cancer. She is co-editor, with Dr. Zena Stein, of Reproductive
Problems in the Workplace.
ROGENE F. HENDERSON is a senior~scientist and supervisor of the Chemistry and Biochemical
Toxicology Group at the Lovelace Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute in Albuquer-
que, New Mexico. She has done extensive research on the analysis of bronchoalveolar
ravage fluid to evaluate lung injury in animal toxicology studies. She has also
headed up studies on the disposition and metabolic fate of inhaled vapors to aid
in planning and interpretation of long-term carcinogenicity studies in rodents.
Dr. Henderson has been a member of the Committee on Tcxicology of the Board on Environmen-
tal Studies and Toxicology of the National Research Council since 1985.
JOHN E. HOBBIE is director of the Ecosystems Center of the Marine Biological
Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts. He is past president of the American Society
for Limnology and Oceanography and of the Association of Ecosystem Research Centers.
He currently serves on the Board of Trustees of the Marine Biological Laboratory.
During 1988-89 he holds the Tage Erlander Visiting Professorship of the National
Research Council of Sweden. His current research is on models of ecosystem response
to global change, on the processes in arctic ecosystems, and on the use of stable
isotopes in ecological research.
PHILIP J. LANDRIGAN is professor of Community Medicine and director of the Division
of Environmental and Occupational Medicine at Mt. Sinai School of Medicine where
he is responsible for directing a research program in environmental and occupational
l
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BIOGRAPHIES
377
medicine, for the training of residents, and for the teaching of medical students.
Dr. Landrigan also holds a professorship in pediatrics at Mt. Sinai. He obtained
his medical degree from the Harvard Medical School, interned at Cleveland Metropolitan
General Hospital, and completed a residency in pediatrics at the Children's Hospital
Medical Center in Boston.
From 1970-1985, Dr. Landrigan, as a commissioned officer in the United States Public
Health Service, served as a medical epidemiologist with the Centers for Disease Control.
In this capacity, he established and directed the Environmental Hazards Branch of
the Cancer and Birth Defects Division of the Bureau of Epidemiology. From 1979-
1985, as director of the Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies
of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, he directed the national
program in occupational epidemiology.
Dr. Landrigan has a long-standing research interest in the clinical and epidemiologic
evaluation of human diseases caused by toxic environmental and occupational exposures.
His research has included studies of heavy metal poisoning, pesticide poisoning,
solvent neuropathy, chronic lung disease, chemically induced renal disease, and
occupational carcinogenesis.
LAWRENCE D. LONGO is professor of physiology, professor of obstetrics and gynecology,
and head of the Division of Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda,
California. Under Dr. Longo's leadership, this division has grown into a prolific
and well-regarded national research center for fetal and newborn biology. His primary
areas of research have involved the dynamics and regulation of fetal oxygenation
and the neuroendocrine regulation of the fetus. As a result of his investigation
of maternal-fetal carbon monoxide exchange, he was asked to write the Surgeon General's
report enumerating the negative effect of maternal cigarette smoking on the fetus.
Dr. Longo has published numerous papers, review articles, and book chapters as a
result of his research.
RICHARD K. MILLER (Chairman, Panel on Pregnancy) is professor of obstetrics and
gynecology and of toxicology at the University of Rochester, School of Medicine and
Dentistry. He is also director of the Division of Research at the same institution.
He has had appointments as an NIH Fogarty Senior International Fellow and a Fulbright
Distinguished Professor. He is also a member of the Board of Scientific Counselors
for the National Toxicology Program and serves on numerous committees for the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and the
National Library of Medicine. Dr. Miller is currently editor-in-chief of the profes-
sional journal, Trophoblast Research, and has served on the editorial boards of Placenta,
Reproductive Toxicology, and Teratology. His numerous books and research publications
are concerned with reproduction, placental function, teratology, and reproductive
pharmacology and toxicology.
HERBERT L. NEEDLEMAN is professor of psychiatry and associate professor of pediatrics
at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. He is medical director of the
Allegheny County Lead Screening Program, and director of lead research at the university.
He has served as consultant to the World Health Organization in designing studies
of low level lead toxicity and on many advisory boards in environmental health.
C. ALVIN PAULSEN, MD, is professor of medicine and the director of the Population
Center for Research in Reproduction at the University of Washington School of Medicine,
Seattle, Washington. He has served as chief of research at the U.S. Public Health
Service Pacific Medical Center, where he currently holds the position of chief of
endocrinology. He received his BA in 1947 from the University of Washington and
his MD in 1952 from the University of Oregon. Following service in the U.S. Navy,
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BIOGRAPHIES
he became director of laboratories at the Pacific Northwest Research Foundation.
Dr. Paulsen's research has concentrated on studies of the male reproductive system
with major research contributions that have included the recognition of sex chromosomal
mosaicism and its concomitant clinical and pathologic manifestations in patients
with Klinefelter's Syndrome, the delineation of the clinical characteristics and
treatment modalities of patients with hypogonadotropic enunochoidism, and documentation
of the relationship between varicocele and abnormal spermatogenesis with infertility.
In these studies, Dr. Paulsen and his colleagues demonstrated the details of testicular
function in those men with varicocele who remained fertile.
Dr. Paulsen has contributed numerous articles to professional and scientific journals
and has served on advisory boards for the National Institute of Health and on the
Male Task Force for the World Health Organization. He is past president of the Pacific
Coast Fertility Society, the American Society of Andrology, and the American Fertility
Society.
FREDERICA PERERA is associate professor in the Division of Environmental Sciences
at the Columbia University School of Public Health. She is project director of several
molecular epidemiology studies of chemical carcinogenesis in humans and has published
extensively in the areas of molecular epidemiology, biomonitoring, risk assessment,
and public health policy. Dr. Perera has served on numerous committees including
those of the National Research Council, the National Toxicology Program, and the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
EMIL PFITZER is assistant vice-president and group director of the Department of
Toxicology and Pathology at Hoffmann-LaRoche Inc., where he is responsible for the
design, conduct, and interpretation of toxicologic chemicals. He holds appointments
as adjunct professor at Rutgers University and the New York University Institute
of Environmental Medicine. He was president of the Society of Toxicology in 1985-
1986 and is a member of a number of national scientific organizations. He was certified
in general toxicology by the American Board of Toxicology, Inc., in 1980. In addition
to his work at Hoffmann-LaRoche Inc., he has served on the National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences Training Grant Review Committee, on advisory boards
for the national Center for Toxicological Research and the Brookhaven National
Laboratory Medical Department, and on several National Research Council committees.
Dr. Pfitzer's publications include several book chapters on the principles of dose-
effect and dose-response relationships.
BERNARD ROBAIRE is professor of pharmacology and therapeutics at McGill University,
Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He is also appointed in the McGill Department of Obstetrics
and Gynecology. From 1982-1987 he served as director of the McGill Centre for the
Study of Reproduction. Dr. Robaire has held offices in several learned societies
and in 1988 he was president of the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society. His
scientific publications have focused on the regulation of epididymal functions,
steroidal regulation of the hypothalamic pituitary testicular axis and male mediated
teratogenesis.
NEENA B. SCHWARTZ is William Deering Professor of Biological Sciences and director
of the Center for Reproductive Science at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.
She has served as president of the Society for the Study of Reproduction and of the
Endocrine Society. In 1985, she received the Williams Distinguished Service Award
of the Endocrine Society, and is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement
of Science. She has served on the NICHD population research and training committee
and is presently a member of the National Institutes of Health endocrinology study
section. Her research focuses on the control of gonadotropin control hormone secretion
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BIOGRAPHIES 379
by the anterior pituitary as it is regulated by brain neuropeptides and gonadal steroid
and peptide hormone feedback.
RICHARD J. SHERINS, M.D., a specialist in male reproduction and andrology, is director
of the Division of Andrology at the Genetics & IVF Institute in Fairfax, Virginia.
He was formerly the Chief of the Section on Reproductive Endocrinology in the Developmen-
tal Endocrinology Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development,
the National Institutes of Health. He holds an undergraduate degree from UCLA and
a medical degree from University of California, San Francisco Medical School. He
received his clinical training in internal medicine at UCLA and served a fellowship
in endocrinology at the University of Washington.
Dr. Sherins has served on the editorial boards of numerous professional and scientific
publications and has been adviser to industry and government organizations, He holds
wide membership in professional societies and organizations and has served as president
of the American Society of Andrology and chairman of the male reoroduction/urolo~v
committee of the American Fertility Society.
_ . ~ . _ . . ~ . ~ ~ . .
Bits current research interests are
In the hormonal regulation ot human spermatogenesis, male infertility, and sperm
biology.
ELLEN K. SILBERGELD is chief scientist of the Toxicological Branch for the Environmental
Defense Fund in Washington, DC and serves as a neuropharmacologist with the National
Institutes of Health Division of Communicable Disorders and Stroke. She also serves
as an adjunct professor at the University of Maryland in the toxicology program and
is on the faculty of Johns Hopkins University in the Department of Health Policy
Management at the School of Hygiene and Public Health, the Johns Hopkins Medical
Institute. Her professional appointments include the Science Advisory Board for
the Environmental Protection Agency, the Scientific Advisory Panel for the Michigan
Agent Orange Commission, and the Scientific Advisory Panel for the International
Joint Commission on the Great Lakes. Among the many professional societies and
organizations to which Dr. Silbergeld belongs are the American Public Health Associa-
tion, the Association of Women in Science, the Society for Occupational and Environmental
Health, the Society for Neuroscience and the Society of Toxicology. She has published
extensively in scientific journals and is currently preparing a book for the World
Health Organization on the health problems of lead in the environment. Dr. Silbergeld
holds a Ph.D degree from the Johns Hopkins University in environmental engineering
sciences.
RICHARD G. SKALKO is professor and chairman of the Department of Anatomy at the Quillen-
Dishner College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University. He has served as director
of the embryology laboratory at the Birth Defects Institute, New York State Department
of Health, and was professor of anatomy and toxicology at the Albany Medical College.
He has also taught anatomy and toxicology at the Louisiana State and Cornell University
Medical Centers.
Dr. Skalko received undergraduate degrees from Providence College and St. John's
University, and his Ph.D. from the University of Florida. His professional activities
include membership in the Science Advisory Board for the National Center for Toxicolog-
ical Research, in the Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology Review Committee
for the National Toxicology Program, and in the Toxicology Study Section of the National
Institutes of Health. He also serves as a member of the editorial boards of professional
journals and as president of the Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology Specialty
Section of the Society of Toxicology.
STEPHEN P. SPIELBERG is associate professor of pediatrics and pharmacology at the
University of Toronto and director of the Division of Clinical Pharmacology and
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380
SHIES
Toxicology at the Hospital for Sick Children. He also serves director of the University
of Toronto Centre for Drug Safety Research. He has served on pharmacology and toxicology
grant review panels of both the National Institutes of Health and the Medical Research
Council of Canada, as well as on the Committee on Drugs of the American Academy of
Pediatrics. Dr. Spielberg also holds a Scholarship from the Medical Research Council
of Canada.
His research interests include the mechanisms of adverse effects of drugs and environ-
mental chemicals in the human population, pharmacogenetics, and the development
of biological markers of chemical exposure and toxicity. Current research activities
include investigation of the mechanisms of toxicity and pharmacogenetic susceptibility
to adverse reactions from sulfonamides and aromatic anticonvulsants as well as from
environmental chemicals such as the polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins.
ANDREW WYROBEK is senior staff biophysicist in the Molecular Biology Section of the
Biomedical Sciences Division at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore,
California. He received his B.S. in physics in 1970 from the University of Notre
Dame and his Ph.D. in 1975 in medical biophysics from the University of Toronto,
Canada. He was a commissioned officer in the U.S. Air Force and served at the Medical
Research Laboratories at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, in Dayton, Ohio. Dr. Wyrobek
has been a member of numerous national science committees, advisory groups, and editorial
boards. His research has included investigations of the effects of toxic chemicals
and ionizing radiation on sperm production, and he developed quantitative morphometric
approaches for human semen analysis. At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,
he directs three research projects for developing new molecular methods to detect
male reproductive toxicity as well as human somatic and germinal mutations.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
toxicology program
