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1. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
CONCLUSIONS
1. In the last decade neutron-scattering research
worldwide has shown a rapid expansion both in the number
of users and in the diversity of disciplines and science
to which neutron methods are being applied. This growth
is due to the development of improved sources and new
instruments, which have greatly enhanced the energy and
wave-vector range, resolution, and sensitivity of neutron
instrumentation. The neutron-scattering community in Europe
more than tripled during the 1970s. By comparison, the
U.S. community has doubled over the past 6 years, accompanied
by a 150 percent increase in users from less-traditional
areas--polymers, biology, and materials science.
2. In spite of some recent progress, the United States
has fallen far behind Western Europe in the development
of advanced facilities at research reactors, including modern
applications of cold sources and guide-tube technology,
focusing monochromators, and spin-echo and backreflection
techniques. These advances have led to many fundamentally
new applications of neutron scattering, which touch on all
materials-related disciplines, including technologically
The United States has maintained its
important areas.
competitive position and
tradition of excellence in such
areas as thermal-neutron triple-axis spectroscopy and chemical
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and biological crystallography and, for the present, is
at the forefront in pulsed-source research.
3. Current U.S. reactors remain world class in terms
of available thermal-neutron-beam intensities, and there
are immediate opportunities to achieve an internationally
competitive status in advanced instrumentation for both
cold and thermal neutron scattering at a cost substantially
lower than the recent European expenditures. Such modern
facilities, combined with emerging applications of pulsed-
neutron sources, would stimulate greatly expanded use of
neutrons to meet new scientific and technological needs
and opportunities until new-generation sources are developed.
It should be noted that existing sources will be 20-25 years
old by 1990.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. The Panel recommends that an immediate commitment
be made to develop new state-of-the-art instrumentation
at our high-performance research reactors to provide world-
class capabilities in such areas as high-resolution and
high-sensitivity neutron spectroscopy, small-angle scattering
and diffraction, medium-resolution macromolecular diffraction,
and diffuse scattering. This will require the extensive
development and application of modern cold-source and guide-
tube technology, focusing and polarizing monochromators,
and area detectors.
2. The Panel recommends that adequate support be provided
to allow full investigation and development of new pulsed-
source instrumentation required to exploit the unique
opportunities in condensed-matter research provided by the
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pulse structure, higher fluxes of epithermal neutrons, and
expanded wave-vector range of spallation sources.
3. The Panel considers it essential that serious design
efforts be started immediately for the development of next-
generation sources, so that definite proposals are available
by fiscal year 1988. The results of such efforts are essential
as input to a broadly based user group, which should be
established to recommend a coherent plan to meet the long-
term neutron research needs of the scientific community.
It is the view of this Panel that the National Academy of
Sciences-National Academy of Engineering would be the most
appropriate body to establish such an independent
multidisciplinary advisory group.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
research reactors
