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Arsenic: Medical and Biological Effects of Environmental Pollutants (1977)
Commission on Life Sciences (CLS)

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Appendix A: Arsenic Content of Plants and Plant Products

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234 ARSENIC Treat Plant or Product menta Arsenic Concentration, ppm (dry wt) Treated Nontreated References Cereals: Wheat sP 6S 7S Wheat flour Corn, grain 1 6S 7S Corn, stalk and leaves Corn, seedling Corn, pop Barley 3 6S 7S IS 3S 14.6 - 248 50,96,129,399, 726,769,828, 864 357 20 20 44,49,410,769 96,129,388,389, 401,828,864 146 20 20 388,389 874 20 20 401 878 129 129,389,399,726, 864 0.007-0.3 trace-O.Ob 0.09-0.30 0.06-0.50 0.04-0.07 <0.05-0.8 <0.05-0. 1 9 0.09-17.1 1.82_3.75 0.25-4.36 2.76 1.8-252 0.09-0.16 0.09-0.16 0.01-0.09 <0.01-0.4 <0.01-0.05 0.05-0.07 <0.05-0.10 0.04b 0.6-2.5 1.83-1.90 0.10-1.94 0.71 3.0 0.1 OCR for page 235
Appendix A: Arsenic Content of Plants 235 Treat Arsenic Concentration, ppm (dry wt) Plant or Product menta Treated Nontreated References Soybean, oil 0.09 96 Soy sauce 100C 550 Beans, green 0.1b-0.4 49,129,389 IS trace-0.22 0.01-0.08 146,147,387,532 sP tracer 357 3S 1.2-28.5 trace 156 4S trace-26.6 trace 156,387 Beans, pod IS 0.79 0.27 387 Beans, leaves IS 1.92 0.21 387 Beans - - 0.05-0.40 532,864 N 4.50 0.07 503 Bean, vines IS 1.82 0.18 401 Bean, roots IS 5.78 0.29 401 Bean, kidney 0.33 407 Bean, lima 0.4 129 Bean, yellow eye, leaf IS 0.25-3.00 0.08-1.14 147 Bean, black wax, leaf IS 4.58 1.57 147 Bean, black wax IS 0.25 0.08 147 Pea - <0.01-0.49 389,401,532,726, 828 IS 0.04-0.48 0.01-0.40 401,509 Peas, pod IS 0.88 0.05 401,509 Peas, vine IS 2.04-5.70 0.12-2.82 401,509 Peas, root IS 1.20 22.70 401 Peas, sweet sP trace-0.1b 357 - 0.3 129 Peanut - 0.01-0.30 96,828,864 Carrot 0.03-0.80 96,129,145,389, 532,726,864 IS trace-0.27 <0.01-0.08 146,147,532 sP 0.0_2.9b 357 Carrot, tops IS 0.57 0.00-0.57 96,401 Carrot, roots IS 0.18 0.32 401 Potato 0.0076- 1.25 96,129,389,408, 724,828,864 IS 0.06-0.11 0.01-0.05 146,147 sP 0.0-0.1b - 357 5S ~1.0 0.2 730,731 4S trace-0.6 trace-0.1 387,569,758 Potato, peelings 4S 0.2-83.0 0.4-2.4 758 Potato, sweet 0.00 96 Onion 0.015-1.54 129,389,407,532, 828,864 IS 0.16-0.36 0.08-0.36 147,401 sP trace-3.2b 357

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236 ARSENIC Arsenic Concentration, ppm (dry wt) Treat Plant or Product meet" Treated Nontreated References Onion, tops IS 8.85 3.19 401 Turnip - - 0.036-0.83 146,389,864 IS 0.10 <0.01 146 Turnip, greens - 0.03 96 Rutabaga - 0.80 864 Parsnips 0.20 129,864 Beets. tops IS 0.08-1.46 0.07-3.48 147,401,532 Beets, roots sP 0.0-0.4" 0.1-1.3 129,401,407,532, 724,864 IS 0.08-1.28 0.34 401,416,532 Beets 1 S 20.2 1.27 401 Radish 0.01 -2.02 96, 129,357,389, 407,532,864 sP trace 357 1 S 0.02-0.22 532 Tomato - 0.01-2.95 96,129,407,724, 864 1 S trace-0.09 0.08-0.09 147,401 ,532 4S 0.68-39.5 <0.2 156,284 3N 3.75-145.28 trace 156 4N trace-18.1 trace 156 Tomato, stem and leaves 4S 334 <0.2 284 IS 1 1.4 6.75 401 Tomato, root 4S 1,707 <0.2 284 IS 1.93- 12.83 0.26-0.49 401 Eggplant 0.18-0.77 407,724 IS trace- 19.68 0-6.14 532 Eggplant, roots IS 9.84 0.98 401 Cucumber 0.02-2.4 96,407,532,724, 840 IS 0.2 840 Pickle, sweet - 0.14 129 Lettuce - 0.01-3.78 49,96,389,401, 532,828 sP 0.0-2. Ib 357 IS 0.08-0.32 0.12 401,532 Lettuce, roots IS 10.98 0.47 401 Parsley 0.1-8.0 129,261,281,864 Watercress 1.84-2.10 389,407 Spinach 0.04-2.25 96,389,407 Kale - 0. 11-0.22 456 IS 0.98 0.01-0.99 96,401 Kale, roots IS 17.49 0.39 401 Swiss chard IS 0.04-0.27 <0.91-0.08 146,147 Kohlrabi sP trace-0. 1b 357

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Appendix A: Arsenic Content of Plants 237 Treat Plant or Product menta Treated Arsenic Concentration, ppm (dry wt) Nontreated References Cabbage 0.0-2.01 96,129,357,389, 407,724,864 Chicory - 0.62 49 _ 0. lb 389 Lentil 0.70 49 - 0. lb 389 Celery - 0.2-0.75 129,145,389 Celery, whole plant 2.32 389 Celery, stalks - - 0.60 864 Celery, root 1.00 145 Salsify 0.1 lb 389 Asparagus 0.1 389 Mushroom, canned - 0.45-0.79 389,516 Broccoli 1 S trace - 532 Cauliflower 0.86 389 Endive 0.21 828 Pepper 1 S trace-0.47 0.39 401 ,532 0.00 96 Pepper, roots 1S 6.89 1.57 401 Squash - 0.023-0.034 532 Fruits: Apple - 0.04-1.72 129,339,724,755, 792,828,864 sP trace-0. lb 357 1 0.33-14.2 0.03-1.91 80,389,670 Apple, skin 1 5.0 0.07-1.35 595,755,780 Apple, butter 0.43-2.41 129 Apple, juice-cider 0.065-0.165 755 0. 18-0.47 - Orange 0.1 lb-0.35 Orange, juice 1 0.08 0.008-0.12 Pear - 0.17b-0.39 1 Pear, skin Peach Peach, leaves Apricot Lemon Lemon, leaves Lemon, roots Pineapple Banana Pumpkin Blueberry 3N 3N 2S < 1 .4-4.3 4.0 0.40-0.60 0.07- 1.5 11.0 1,200 0.15-1.5 o.so 0.35 0.08b 0. 06b O.O9b 49,389,544 384,544 339,389 82 780 U.U / - 1 .J 96, 160,828 1.38-2.39 55 160 49 468 468 389 389 389 54

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238 ARSENIC Arsenic Concentration, ppm (dry wt) Treat Plant or Product menta Treated Nontreated References Blueberry, leaves 2S 6.74-14.97 0.78 14 Blueberry, stems 2S 7.6-13.3 0.27 14 Blueberry, roots 2S 93.7-164.2 2.40 14 Grapes 0.75- 1.20 780 6S 0.24-0.28 0.05 195 IS 0.6-3.8 Grape, leaves 2.3 349 Grape, juice None detected 349 Grapefruit, leaves 2.0-3.0 682 Mandarin 0.85 389 Beverages: Wine 0.005-0.15 95,516 IS 0.0-4.0 285 2S 0.4-1.0 0.01-0.02 240 2 2.76 <0.1 636 1 0.02-0.18 - 826 Wine, white 0.06-0.56 158 Wine, red 0.03- 1.38 158 Wine, fruit 0.06-0.11 192 Wine, port 0.02-0.07 279 Lemonade - 0.000-0.005 516 Whiskey 0.02-0.07 95 Beer 0.01 -2.0 95,516,522,831 Ale <0.02 522 Malt 0.26-0.35 522 Hops, sundried 0.08-0.15 160 Hops, sulfured 0.15-19.5C 160,471,760 0.03-0.82 471,760 Coffee, bean 1 0.5-1.5 630 Liquid fruit products - 0.09-0.21 192 Trees: Pine, short leaf - 0.1-0.2 17 Fir, Douglas, needles 4.0-8,000 201 Fir, Douglas, twigs (ash) <100 838 Fir, Douglas, twigs AM >1,000 838 Cypress, Italian 1.4 547 Fir (babies alba) 0.11 547 Pine (Pinus laricius) - 0.13 547 Chestnut (Castanea 0.05-0.11 389,547 vesca) Pine, Scotch <0.05 547 Beech, European - <0.05 547 Spruce, white 1.0-2.4 674 Spruce, black sP 1.0-96 457

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Appendix A: Arsenic Content of Plants Arsenic Concentration, ppm (dry wt) Plant or Product menta Treated Nontreated References 239 Oak, chestnut 0.05-0.40 17 Oak, chestnut, acorns 0.1 17 Oak, chestnut, roots 11.0 17 Hickory 0.10-0.40 17 Poplar, tulip 0.08-0.40 17 Walnuts - 0~07 49 Walnut, black 0.13b 389 Hazelnuts 0.78 49 Date 0.12b 389 Filbert 0.11 389 Peach, leaves S 2.0 472 Almond 0.3 389 Hemlock, foliage 2.0-4.8 0.2-0.4 734 Forage Crops: Grass - 0.1-0.7 37 IS 0.5-2.0 0.50-0.94 129,147 S 0.5-75.5 0.5 248,864 sP 2.5-12.0b 357 4 938- 1,462 581 1,5 15,000-60,000 - 111 Clover - <0.10-0.17 562 IS 1.32 0.46 147 S 12.0 - 864 Clover, red 0.37 129,389 4S 0.09-0.84 0.11-0.39 728 Clover, white IS 6.24 3.64 401 Hay 1 S 1.26 0.52 147 Alfalfa 0.05-3.38 389,562 sP 0.4_5.7b 357 S 14.0-860 129,816 IS 3.37 1.97 401 Alfalfa, roots IS 0.78 3.15 401 Sudan-grass - 0.70 503 3N 9.6-384.8 trace 156 4N 3.1 -68.4 trace 156 4S 0.38-33.4 156 Vetch IS 1.92 1.22 401 Vetch, roots IS 15.82 7.15 401 Sunflower - < 1.0-2.0 129 Sunflower leaf sP 3.3b 357 Marine Algae, Seaweed: Macrocystis pyrifera - 4.0-60.0 299,864,866 Chondrus crispus ~3.8-18.0 143,398,456

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240 ARSENIC Arsenic Concentration, ppm (dry wt) Treat Plant or Product menta Treated Nontreated References Laminaria digitata 107-109 495 lamina Laminaria digitata 47.0-93.8 398,456 Laminaria digitata, oil 221.0 491 Laminaria digitata, fatty acid - 36.0 491 Laminaria saccharina 45.0b-52.5 398,456 Laminaria saccharina, oil 155 491 Laminaria saccharina. fatty acid Halidrys siliquosa Fucus nodosus Entarompha compressa Ahnfeltia plicata Fucus vesiculosus Fucus vesiculosus, oil Fucus vesiculosus, fatty acid Fucus serratus Fucus serratus, oil Fucus serratus, fatty acid 6.1 491 Piocamium coccineum 7.5 398 Ulva latissima - 6.0 398 Gigartina mammillosa 4.5-17.2 398,495 Laminaria hyperborea, oil 197 491 Laminaria hyperborea, fatty acid - - 16 491 Ascophyllum nc>dosum, oil 7.8-49.0 491 Ascophyllum nodosum, fatty acid 5.2-21 .0 491 Fucus spiralis 15-34 495 Fucus spiralis, oil - 5.7 491 Fucus spiralis, fatty acid 5.0 491 Pelvetia canaliculata 15-22 495 Pelvetia canaliculata, oil - 10.8 491 Pelvetia canadiculata, fatty acid 7.3 491 Algae: Algae - 0.5-12.0 129,5 19,864 Algae, Odegodeum 7 4.5-71.4 383 Sc eletonema c ostatum, oil - - 1.3 497 7.5-52.5 26.0-30.0 45.0 11.2 39.0 24-65 35.0 5.1 28-67.5 27.0 398,456,491 398,456 398 398 456 398,495 491 491 398,495 491

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Appendix A: Arseruc Content of Plants 241 Arsenic Concentration, ppm (dry wt) Treat- - Plant or Product menta Treated Nontreated References Chlorella ovalis, oil - 0.7 497 Chlorella pyrenoidosa, oil Phaedactylum tricor nutum, oil Oscillatoria rubescens, oil Pterygophera californica Agarum fimbuetum Rhodemia pertusa Casteria castata 0.5 3.6-4.8 0.4-0.5 12.0 4.0 1.0 1.0 497 497 497 864 864 864 864 Moss: Hylocomium splendens sP <4-99 <4 457 Pleurozium schreberi sP <1-10 2-3 457 Aquatic Plants, New Zealand: Ceratophyllum demursum GTA 20- 1,060 1.4 448,660,661 Lagarosiphon major GTA 29 - 1,450 448,660,661 Elodea canadensis GTA 307-700 3.0 448,661 Potamogeton sp. GTA 45-436 <6.0 448,661 Lemna sp. GTA 30 2.5 448,661 Nitella hooker) A. Braun GTA 182 13.0 448,661 Enteromorpha nana GTA 14-40 - 448,660,661 Compsopogon hooker) GTA 550 660,661 Typha orientalis Presl GTA 8 448,661 Egeria densa GTA 266-310 Atriplex confertifolia - 3.2 339 Myriophyllum propinquum G] A 456 448 Miscellaneous: Baking powder 1.0 44 Cottonseed 6 0.05-0.08 0.05 46 Cottonseed products 5 0.68 96 - 0.58 447 Cotton leaves 6 0.13-41.4 0.055 861 Sugar - 0.15 49 Glucose 0.2 516 Honey - 0.14 129 1 0.9 226 Pectin 1.0-3.55 102,129 Organic food color 3.0 102

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242 ARSENIC Arsenic Concentration, ppm (dry wt) Plant or Product meet" Treated Nontreated References Gelatin Polyphosphates Chocolate Jam Jam and marmalades Tobacco Johnsongrass Sugar cane Mustard, paste Rhubarb Astragalus bisulcatus Russian thistle Turpentine weed Wild aster Ironweed Ragweed Tulipa sp. Scarlet mallow Oreocarya sp. Stanleya pinnata Cocklebur Spurge Aplopappus fremontii Astragalus pectinatus Lambsquarters, common Mustard, common Clintonia borealis Sorrel Dandelion Wild leek Buckhorn plantain Sourgrass Daisy Milkweed, tops Sour dock, tops Burdock, leaves False indigo 1.0 <0.3-3.0 0.07- 1.53 0.00-0.1 0.04-0.08 trace-42.8 0.65 2.0 0.28 <0.1 2.0 <1.0 1.0-2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 C1.0 1.0 <1.0 1.0 1.0 <2-4 0.005 S <1.0 sP <2-52 S S S S S S S S S 7.0 8.0 16.0 18.0 12.0 1.0 1.0 <1.0 <1.0 102 102,640 49,516 516 192 129,318,476,573, 737,738,889 447 624 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 457 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 864 al = lead arsenate; 2 = calcium arsenate; 3 = sodium arsenate; 4 = sodium arsenite; 5 = arsenic trioxide; 6 = MAA; 7 = cacodylic acid; AM = arsenic mineralization; GTA = geothermal area; N = nutrient solution; S = soil; sP = smelter pollution. ~Wet weight. CContaminated.

Representative terms from entire chapter:

fatty acid