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Arsenic: Medical and Biological Effects of Environmental Pollutants (1977)
Commission on Life Sciences (CLS)

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Glossary In formulas: R = aliphatic group or aromatic group R' = aliphatic group Ar = aromatic group X = halogen atom Acetarsone See 3 - Acetylamino4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid 4-Acetylamidophenylarsonic acid See 4-Acetylaminophenylarsonic acid 4Acetylaminobenzenearsonic acid See 4-Acetylaminophenylarsonic acid 3-Acetylamino4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid HO~AsO3H2; synonym, acetarsone CH3-C-NH 11 o o 4 Acetyla~ninophenylarsonic acid CH3-C-HN ~AsO3 H2; synonyms, 4-acetylamidophenylarsonic acid, 4-acetylaminobenzenearsonic acid, acetylarsanilic acid Acetylarsan See Die thylammonium 3 -ace tylamino 4-hydroxyphenylarsonate 263

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264 ARSENIC Acetylarsanilic acid See 4-Acetylaminophenylarsonic acid N-Acety14-hydroxy-m-arsanilic acid, diethylamine salt See Diethylammo nium 3-acetylamino-4-hydroxyphenylarsonate Adamsite See Phenylarsazine chloride Alkylarsine R'AsH2; also used as a synonym for trimethylarsine (q.v.) Alkylarsines general term for compounds of the type R'nAsH3 n (n = 1,2,3) o Alkylarsonic acids general term for compounds of the type R'-As-OH OH Alkylbistorganylthio~arsines general term for compounds of the type RAs(SR!~2 Alkyldihaloarsines general term for compounds of the type R'AsX2 Alkyldihydroxyarsines general term for compounds of the type R'As(OH)2 Alkylhaloarsines general term for compounds of the types RAsX2 and R2 AsX; see also Dialkylhaloarsines and Alkyldihaloarsines CH3 Alkylmethylarsines general term for compounds of the types R-As-H and R2AsCH3 Aluminum arsenate AlAsO4 8H2 O; synonym, aluminum o-arsenate AMA See Dodecyltoctyl~ammonium methanearsonate Amine methanearsonate See Dodecyltoctyl~ammonium methanearsonate p-Aminoarsenobenzene H2 N ~ As = As :~ NH: p-Aminobenzenearsonic acid See Arsanilic acid 3-Amino-4-hydroxyphenyldichloroarsine See Dichlorophenarsine p-Aminophenylarsonic acid See Arsanilic acid 4-Aminophenylarsonic acid See Arsanilic acid 3-Amino-3'-sulfinoxymethylamino~,4'~ihydroxyarsenobenzene, sodium salt See Neoarsphenamine Ammonium arsenite See Ammonium m-arsenite Ammonium m-arsenite NH4AsO2; synonym, ammonium arsenite Arrhenal See Disodium methanearsonate H2 H2 C C 2-Arsa-1,3~ithiacyclopentane S/ \ As R

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Glossary 265 Arsanilic acid H2 N ~ AsO3 H2; synonyms, p-aminobenzenearsonic acid, p-aminophenylarsonic acid, 4-aminophenylarsonic acid, atoxylic acid Arsenamide See Bistcarboxymethylmercapto) ~-carbamoylphenyl~arsine, disodium salt Arsenates salts derived from o-arsenic acid (q.v.) and containing the anion H2AsO4-, HAsO4-2, or AsO4-3, or derived from m-arsenic acid (q.v.) and containing the anion AsO3-; o-arsenates are salts of o-arsenic acid, and m-arsenates are salts of m-arsenic acid m-Arsenic acid HAsO3 o-Arsenic acid Ha AsO4 Arsenic acid anhydride See Arsenic pentoxide Arsenic chlorides general term for AsCl3 and AsCls (which has never been isolated) Arsenic halide general term for compounds of the types AsX3 (X = F. C1, Br, I) and AsXs (X= F) Arsenic pentafluoride AsFs Arsenic pentasulfide As2 Ss; synonym, diarsenic pentasulfide Arsenic pentoxide As2 Os; synonym, arsenic acid anhydride Arsenic sulfosalts compounds obtained by dissolving arsenic trisulfide (q.v.) or arsenic pentasulfide (q.v.) in alkali sulfide solutions, e.g., As2 S3 + 3K2 S ~ 2K3 [AsS3 ~ (potassium trithioarsenite, potassium sulfo- arsenite); synonyms, thioarsenites, thioarsenates Arsenic bichloride AsCl3; synonyms, arsenous chloride, butter of arsenic, fuming liquid arsenic Arsenic trifluoride AsF3 Arsenic trihydride See Arsine Arsenic trioxide As2 03; synonyms, arsenous acid anhydride, white arsenic Arsenic trisulfide As2 S3; synonyms, yellow arsenic sulfide, orpiment Arsenides binary compounds of arsenic with a metal, e.g., sodium arsenide (q.v.) Arsenious acid arsenous acid Arsenites salts derived from o-arsenous acid (q.v.) and containing the anion H2AsO3-, HAsO3-2, or AsO3-3, or derived from m-arsenous acid (q.v.) and containing the anion AsO2 ~; o-arsenites are salts of o-arsenous acid, and m-arsenites are salts of m-arsenous acid 4,4'-Arsenobis(2-aminophenol) dihydrochloride See Arsphenamine Arsenolite the cubic crystalline modif~cation, As4 O6, of arsenic trioxide (q.v.) Arsenomolybdic acid As2 Os 6MoO3 1 8H2 O

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266 ARSENIC Arsenopyrite FeAsS Arsenosoalkanes general term for compounds of the types R'AsO and (R'AsO)n Arsenosobenzene C6 Hs AsO; synonyms, Arzene, oxyphenylarsine Arsenoso compounds general term for organic compounds containing the AsO group, e.g., RAsO m-Arsenous acid HAsO2 o-Arsenous acid H3AsO3 Arsenous acid anhydride See Arsenic trioxide Arsenous chloride See Arsenic bichloride Arsenoxide general term for compounds of the type RAsO Arsine AsH3; synonym, arsenic trihydride Arsines general term for compounds of the form RnAsH3_n (n = 1,2,3), organic derivatives of arsine (q.v.) with one or more hydrogen atoms re- placed with organic groups Arsonates salts derived from arsonic acids (q.v.) and containing the anion RAsO3H- or RAsO3-2 Arsonation a reaction that introduces the -AsO(OH)2 group into an organic (in most cases an aromatic) molecule; the arsenic atom in the product is bonded to a carbon atom O Arsonic acids generalterm for compounds of the type RAs-OH; synonym, organylarsonic acids OH Arsphenamine HO¢As = As ~OH; NH2 HC1 NH2 HC1 synonyms, 4,4~-arsenobis(2-aminophenol) dihydrochloride, 3,3~-diamino- 4~4~-dihydroxy-arsenobenzene dihydrochloride, Salvarsan Arylbistorganylthio~arsine general term for compounds of the form ArAs(SR)2 Arzene See Arsenosobenzene Atoxyl See Sodium arsanilate Atoxylic acid See Arsanilic acid sAL See British antilewisite sAL-arsenite complex compound formed between trivalent arsenic deriva- tives (q.v.) and British antilewisite, ~ ~ CH2OH S~ _S As 1 X

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Glossary Benzenearsonic acid See Phenylarsonic acid Bistcarboxymethylmercapto) (p-carbamoylphenyl~arsine, sodium salt 0 SCH2COONa, synonyms arsenamide; Caparsolate; \\C Q_A/ ~ [(p-carbamoylphenyl~arsylene] dithio ) / \~/ \ diacetic acid, disodium salt; thiacetarsa NH2 SCH2COONa mice Bis~dimethylarsine) oxide See Cacodyl oxide 10,10-Bis~phenoxarsine) oxide Q synonym, Vinyzene ~ O As-O-As O ; Black arsenic an allotropic form of arsenic obtained by condensing arsenic vapor Bolidensalt BIS a zinc-chromium arsenate (20% arsenic acid, 19% sodium arsenate, 16% sodium bichromate, and 43% zinc sulfate) 267 Bolidensalt BIS Copperized 20% arsenic acid, 19% sodium arsenate, 16% sodium dichromate, 22% zinc sulfate, and 22% copper sulfate Bolidensalt K33 copper-chromium arsenate (34% arsenic pentoxide, 26.6% chromium trioxide, 14.8% cupric oxide, and 24.6% water) British antilewisite CH2-CH-CH2 OH; synonyms, BA C, dimercaprol, 1 1 SH SH 1,2-dimercapto-3-hydroxypropane, 2,3-dimercaptopropanol, 1,2-dithio- glycerol Butter of arsenic See Arsenic bichloride Cacodyl (CH3 )2 As-As(CH3 )2; synonym, tetramethyldiarsine Cacodylates salts of cacodylic acid (q.~.) containing the anion (CH3~2AsO2-; synonym, dimethylarsinates Cacodyl hydride See Dimethylarsine Cacodylic acid (CH3 )2 AsO(OH); synonyms, dimethylarsinic acid, hydroxy- dimethylarsine oxide Cacodyl oxide (CH3 )2 As-O-As(CH3~2; synonym, bis~dimethylarsine) oxide Calcium arsenate Ca3(AsO4~2; synonym, tricalcium o-arsenate; see also London purple Caparsolate See Bis~carboxymethylmercapto) (p-carbamoylphenyl~arsine, disodium salt p-Carbamoylaminophenylarsonic acid See Carbarsone N(arbamoylarsanilic acid See Carbarsone

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268 ARSENIC N-(Carbamoylmethyl~arsanilic acid, monosodium salt See Tryparsamide { [p-Carbamoylphenyl~arsylene ~ dithio}diacetic acid, disodium salt. See Bistcarboxymethylmercapto) ~-carbamoylphenyl~arsine, disodium salt o Carbarsone H2 N-C-NH ~ AsO3 H2; syrlonyms, p-carbamoyl aminophenylarsonic acid, N-carbamoylarsanilic acid, p-ureidobenzene arsonic acid, p-ureidophenylarsonic acid, 4-ureidophenylarsonic acid 1 0-Chloro-5-aza-1 0-arsa-5,1 0~ihydroanthracene See Phenylarsazine chloride 1 0 - C h 1 o r o - 5 , 1 0 - d i h y d r o p h e n a r s a z i n e S e e P h e n y 1 a r s a z i n e c h 1 o r i d e 2 ~ h 1 o r o v i n y 1 d i c h 1 o r o a r s i n e S e e L e w i s i t e ,6 OCR for page 269
Glossary 269 Dichloro(2-chlorovinyl~arsine See Lewisite Dichloro(,B-chlorovinyl~arsine See Lewisite Dichlorophenarsine HO~AsC12 ; synonym, 3-amino4-hydroxyphen- yldichloroarsine NH2 Diethylamine acetarsone See Diethylammonium 3-acetylamino4-hydroxy- phenylarsonate Diethylammonium 3-acetylamino4-hydroxyphenylarsonate [(C2 Hs )2 NH2 ~ o HO ~ As-OH NH O C =0 CH3 ]- ;synonyms,Acetylarsan; N-acetyl4-hydroxy- m-arsanilic acid, diethylamine salt; diethyl- amine acetarsone 5,1 0-Dihydrophenarsazine chloride See Phenylarsazine chloride Dimercaprol See British antilewisite 1 , 2 - D i m e r c a p t 0 - 3 - h y d r 0 x y p r 0 p a n e S e e B r i t i s h a n t i 1 e w i s i t e 2,3-Dimercaptopropanol See British antilewisite Dimethylarsinates See Cacodylates Dimethylarsine (CH3 )2 AsH; synonym, cacodyl hydride Dimethylarsinic acid See Cacodylic acid [(DimethylarsinoJoxy~sodium See Sodium cacodylate 0 Dimethylhydroxyarsine (CH3 )2 AsOH ~ Diorganylarsinic acids general term for compounds of the type R2 As-OH Diphenylamine chlorarsine See Phenylarsazine chloride Diphenylaminocyanoarsine NH(C6 H4 )2 AsCN Diphenylchlorarsine See Diphenylchloroarsine Diphenylchloroarsine (C6H5)2AsCl;synonyms, chlorpicrin, DA, diphenyl chlorarsine Diphenylcyanoarsine (C6 Hs )2 As-CN; synonym, D C Dipotassium hydrogen arsenate K2 HAsO4 Disodium arsenate See Sodium arsenate Disodium hydrogen arsenate See Sodium arsenate o Disodium methanearsonate (CH3)2As-ONa; synonyms, Arrhenal, disodium methylarsonate, DSMA ~ ONa

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270 Disodium methylarsonate See Disodium methanearsonate 1 ,2-Dithioglycerol See British antilewisite DM See Phenylarsazine chloride Dodecyl~octyl~ammonium methanenrson~te ARSENIC _ _ ~ H O synonyms, AMA, amine I_ _ _ methanearsonate, dodecyltoctyl~ammonium methylarsonate Dodecty~octyl~ammonium methylarsonate See Dodecyl~octyl~ammonium methanearsonate DSMA See Disodium methanearsonate ED See Ethyldichloroarsine Ethylarsine dichloride See Ethyldichloroarsine Ethyldichlorarsine See Ethyldichloroarsine Ethyldichloroarsine C2 Hs AsCl2; synonyms, ED, ethylarsine dichloride, ethyldichlorarsine Fluor chrome arsenate phenol an arsenic-containing wood preservative; synonym, osmose Fowler's solution potassium arsenite solution, containing arsenic trioxide, potassium bicarbonate, and alcohol in water Fuming liquid arsenic See Arsenic bichloride Gallium arsenide GaAs C8 H17 C 12 H25-NH o CH3-As-OH ; o Glycobiarsol HOCH:-C-HN ~ AsO~ -2 BiOH+2; synonym, oxo~hydrogen N-glycoloylarsanilate~bismuth o p-N-Glycoloylarsanilate HOCH2-C-NH ~ AsO ~ -2; synonym, p-N- glycolylarsanilate p-N-Glycolylarsanilate See p-N-Glycoloylarsanilate Gosio gas See Trimethylarsine Hydroxydimethylarsine oxide See Cacodylic acid 4-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzenearsonic acid See 3-Nitro4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid Indium arsenide InAs Iron arsenate Fe3(AsO4~2 6H2 O; synonym, iron o-arsenate; see also Scorodite Iron diarsenide FeAs2 Iron disulfide See Pyrite Lead arsenate mixture of PbHAsO4 and Pb3 (AsO4 )2

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Glossary Lead m-arsenate Pb(As03~2 Lead arsenite Pb(As02)2 Lewisite ClCH=CH-AsCl2; synonyms, 2~/N~ \S CH-CH2OH NH2 synonym, 2-[pj4,6-diamino-s-triazin-2-ylamino)phenyl] 4-hydroxymethyl- 1 ,3 -dithia-2 -arsacyclopentane Methanearsonates salts of methanearsonic acid containing the anion CH3 AsO3 H- or CH3 AsO3 -2; synonym, methylarsonates

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272 ARSENIC o Methanearsonic acid CH3-As-OH; synonyms, MAA, methylarsonic acid OH Methylarsine CH3 AsH2 Methylarsines general term for compounds of the type (CH3~nAsH3-n (n = 1,2,3~) Methylarsonates See Methanearsonates Methylarsonic acid See Methanearsonic acid Methylbistalkylthio~arsine CH3As(SR )2 Methyldichloroarsine CH3 AsCl2; synonym, M D Methyldihydroxyarsine CH3 As(OH)2 Monehydrogen sodium o-arsenate See Sodium arsenate Monolead o-arsenate PbH4(As04~2 = PbHAsO4 H3AsO4 o Monosodium methanearsonate CH3-As-ONa; synonyms, MSMA, sodium OH acid methanearsonate, sodium acid methylarsonate, sodium hydrogen methane arsonate MSMA See Monosodium methanearsonate Neoarsphenamine HO ~As = As ~OH synonyms, 3- NH2 NH-CH2 OSO2 Na amino-3~-sulfinoxymethylamino-4,4~ihydroxyarsenobenzene, sodium salt; Neosalvarsan; sodium ~ 5-~3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl~arseno] -2- hydroxyanilino } methanol sulfoxylate ; Neosalvarsan See Neoarsphenamine Nickel arsenide NiAs Nickel diarsenide NiAs2 3-Nitro4-hydroxybenzenearsonic acid See 3-Nitro4-hydroxyphenylarsonic 3-Nitro-4-hyd}oxyphenylarsonic acid HO ~AsO3 H2; NO2 synonyms, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzenearsonic acid, 3-nitro4-hydroxyben zenearsonic acid, Roxarsone ~ 4-Nitrophenylarsonic acid O2 N~AsO3 H2

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Glossary o 3Nitro4-ureidophenylarsonic acid H2 NC-NH ~AsO3 H2 Organylarsonic acids See Arsonic acids NO2 Organylbistalkylthio~arsines general term for compounds of the type RAs(SR )2 2~rganyl4-~4'-carboxybutyl) SUCH - : 1 ,3,2-dithiaarsacyclohexane CH2 CH-CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2-COOH S_ ,S A_ ~ s R 273 2~rganyl4-hydroxymethyl-1,3,2~ithiaarsacyclopentane CH2 CH-CH:OH Orpiment See Arsenic trisulfide Osmosalts a wood preservative containing 25~o sodium arsenate (q.v.) Osmose See Fluor chrome arsenate phenol Oxothydrogen N-glycoloylarsanilate~bismuth See Glycobiarsol Oxyphenylarsine See Arsenosobenzene Paris green See Copper acetoarsenite Pentaorganyl arsenic general term for compounds of the type Rs As C1 9 1 1 S~ S \ / As R Phenylarsazine chloride 8[~ l~o~2 H ; synonyms, adamsite, 10 chloro-5 -aza- 1 0-area-5 ,1 0-dihydroanthracene, 1 0-chloro-S, 1 0-dihydro- phenarsazine, 5,10~ihydrophenarsazine chloride, diphenylamine chlor arsine, DM Phenylarsonates salts derived from phenylarsonic acid (q.v.) or substituted phenylarsonic acids (q.v.~) and containing the anion ArAsO3H2~ or ArAsO3 ~3 Phenylarsonic acid C6HsASO3H2; synonym, benzenearsonic acid Phenylarsonic acids general term for compounds of the type ArAsO3H2, with Ar representing the C6Hs or a substituted phenyl group Phenylarsonic compounds compounds with a phenyl or substituted phenyl group bonded to an arsonic group, e.g., phenylarsonic acid (q.v.)

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274 ARSENIC Phenylarsonic formulation a mixture of substances in which one ingredient is a phenylarsonic compound, e.g., 4-aminophenylarsonic acid (q.v.) in poultry feed Phenyldichloroarsine C6 H5 AsCl2 Potassium arsenate KHz AsO4; synonym, potassium dihydrogen arsenate Potassium m-arsenate (KAs03)n Potassium arsenite KAsO2; synonym, potassium m-arsenite Potassium m-arsenite See Potassium arsenite Potassium dihydrogen arsenate See Potassium arsenate Pyrite FeS2; synonym, iron disulfide Realgar See Tetraarsenic tetrasulfide Roxarsone See 3-Nitro4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid Salvarsan See Arsphenamine Scheele's green See Cupric arsenite Schweinfurt green See Copper acetoarsenite Scorodite natural ferric arsenate, Fe2 O3 · AS2 Os · 4H2 0; see also Iron arsenate Sodium acid methanearsonate See Monosodium methanearsonate Sodium acid methylarsonate See Monosodium methanearsonate Sodium { 5-~3-amino4-hydroxyphenyl~arseno]-2-hydroxyanilino ~ methanol sulfoxylate See Neoarsphenamine Sodium arsanilate sodium hydrogen 4-aminophenylarsonate; synonym, Atoxyl Sodium arsenate Na2 HAsO4; synonyms, disodium arsenate, disodium hy- drogen arsenate, monohydrogen sodium o-arsenate Sodium arsenide Na3As Sodium arsenite NaAsO2; synonym, sodium m-arsenite Sodium m-arsenite See Sodium arsenite o Sodium cacodylate (CH3)2As-ONa 3H2O; synonyms, [(dimethyl- arsino)oxy] sodium, sodium dimethylarsinate Sodium dimethylarsinate See Sodium cacodylate o o S o dium p -N-gly co loy lars anilat e HO C H 2-C-N H ~A s-O H ONa synonym, sodium p-N-glycolylarsanilate Sodium p-N-glycolylarsanilate See Sodium p-N-glycoloylarsanilate ; Sodium hydrogen 4-aminophenylarsonate See Sodium arsanilate Sodium hydrogen methane arsonate See Monosodium methanearsonate Sodium methane arsonate See Sodium methanearsonate

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Glossary o Sodium methanearsonate CH3As-OH 6H2O; ONa synonyms, sodium methane arsenate, sodium methylarsonate Sodium methylarsonate See Sodium methanearsonate Sodium N-phenylglycinamide-p-arsonate See Tryparsamide o p~ulfamylphenylarsoliic acid H2N-5¢AsO3H2 o p~ulfophenylarsonic acid HO3 S ~ As3 O3 H2 Swedish green See Cupric arsenite Tetraarsenic tetrasulfide As4 S4; synonym, realgar Tetradodecylammonium methanearsonate [(C~2H25 )4N] +CH3 AsO3 H Tetramethyldiarsine See Cacodyl Tetraoctylammonium methanearsonate [(C~ H ~ 7 )4 N] +CH3 AsO3 H Tetraorganylarsonium salts general term for compounds of the type [R4 As] +X~ Tetrapotassium diarsenate K4 As2 O7 Thiacetarsamide See Bis~carb oxymethylmercapto)~-carbamoylphenyl~ar- sine, disodium salt Thioarsenates See Arsenic sulfosalts Thioarsenites See Arsenic sulfosalts TMA See Trimethylarsine Tricalcium arsenate Ca3(AsO4~2 Tricalcium o-arsenate See Calcium arsenate Trilead arsenate Pb3 (AsO4 )2 Trimethylarsine (CH3~3As; synonyms, Gosio gas, TM A Trimethylarsine oxide (CH3~3AsO Triorganyl arsenate general term for neutral esters of arsenic acid of the type (RO)3AsO Triorganyl arsenite general term for neutral esters of arsenous acid of the type (RO)3As Triorganylarsine general term for compounds of the type R3As Triphenylarsine (C6H5~3As Trivalent arsenic derivatives compounds containing an arsenic atom that has formed three bonds with other groups or atoms, e.g., arsenic bichloride (q.v.), arsenic trioxide (q.v.), and triorganylarsines (q.v.) 275

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276 o Tryparsamide H2N-C-CH2-HN¢As-OH I~H:O; o ARSENIC ONa synonyms, N-(carbamoylmethyl~arsanilic acid, monosodium salt; sodium N-phenyl-glycinamide-p-arsonate p-Ureidobenzenearsonic acid See Carbarsone p-Ureidophenylarsonic acid See Carbarsone 4-Ureidophenylarsonic acid See Carbarsone Vinyzene See 10,10-Bis~phenoxarsine) oxide White arsenic See Arsenic trioxide Wolman salts a mixture of three parts sodium chromate, two parts sodium fluoride, two parts sodium arsenate (q.v.), and one part dinitrophenol or equivalent Yellow arsenic sulfide See Arsenic trisulfide Zinc arsenate Zn3 (AsO4~2 Zinc arsenite See Zinc m-arsenite Zinc m-arsenite Zn(AsO2 )2; synonyms, zinc arsenite, z M A Zinc fluoroarsenate ZnFAsO4 ZMA See Zinc m-arsenite

Representative terms from entire chapter:

disodium salt