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OCR for page 37
~ Composition of Feeds
Tables 5-10 present the composition of some cat food
ingredients. Nutrient concentrations are organized as
follows:
Table 5:
Table 6:
Table 7:
Table 8:
Table 9:
Table 10:
Fats, fatty acids, and ME composition
Taurine content
Composition of ingredients, excluding
minerals and amino acids
Mineral composition
Mineral sources
Amino acid composition
METABOLIZABLE ENERGY (ME)
Since ME values for cat food ingredients have not
been published, the figures in Table 8 are largely those
derived for swine (NRC, 1982~. For some ingredients
DE values directly determined in cats have been con-
verted to ME using the equation: ME (kcal/kgJ - DE
(digestible crude protein x 1.25 kcal/g).
NOMENCLATURE
In Tables 5, 7, 8, 9, and 10, names of the feeds are
based on a scheme proposed by Harris et al. (1981~. The
names are designed to give a qualitative description of
each product, where such information is available and
pertinent. A complete name consists of as many as eight
components separated by commas and written in linear
form. The components are as follows:
Origin (or parent material)
Species, variety, or kind
Part eaten
Processtes) and treatments to which product has
been subjected
Stage of maturity
Cutting or crop
Grade or quality designations
Classification
Feeds of the same origin (and the same species, vari-
ety, or kind, if one of these is stated) are grouped into
eight classes.
The numbers and the classes they designate are as fol-
lows:
1. Dry forages or dry roughages
2. Pasture, range plants, and forages fed green
3. Silages
4. Energy feeds
5. Protein supplements
6. Minerals
7. Vitamins
8. Additives
Feeds that in the dry state contain, on the average,
more than 18 percent of crude fiber are classified as for-
ages and roughages. Feeds that contain 20 percent or
more of protein are cIascifiecl as protein supplements.
Fleers that contain less than 20 percent of protein and
less than 18 percent of crude fiber are classified as energy
feeds. (These guidelines are approximate, and there is
some overlapping.)
Abbreviations have been devised for some of the
terms in the feed names (Table 10~.
The following list shows how three feeds are de-
scubed:
37
OCR for page 38
38 Nutrient Requirements of Cats
Components of Name
Feed Feed
No. 1 No. 2
Feed
No. 3
Origin (or parent
material)
Species, variety,
or kind
Part eaten
Process (es) an d trea t-
mentts) to which
product has been
subjected
Grade or quality
designations
Classification:
first digit in
International Feed
Number (INN)
fish soybean
herring
whole seeds
fresh
meal
solv extd
wheat
soft white
winter
grain
44% protein
(5)protein (5)protein (4)energy
supplements supplements feeds
5-01-999 5-04-604
4-05-337
Thus, the names of the three feeds are written as fol-
lows:
No. 1: Fish, herring, whole, fresh
No. 2: Soybean, seeds, meal solv. extd., 44 percent
protein
No. 3: Wheat, soft white winter, grain
The analytical data are expressed in the metric system
and are shown on a ciry basis. See Table 12 for wei~ht-
unit conversion factors.
Analytical data may differ in the various NRC reports
because the data are updated for each report. The
names may also differ as feeds are more precisely char-
acterized or as official definitions change. However, if
the feed is the same, the International Feed Number will
remain the same.
LOCATING NAMES IN THE TABLES
To locate in Tables 5, 7, 8, and 10 the name of a feed,
one must first know the name of the parent material
(i.e., the origin of the feed) and usually the variety or
kind of parent material. The first word of each name is
the name of the parent material. Parent materials are of
four types: plant, animal, poultry, and fish. For a feed
derived from a plant, the origin term is the name of the
plant (e.g., BARLEY, OATS). For a feed derived from
animals or poultry, the origin term is the name of the
animal or bird (e.g., CATTLE, CHICKEN, WHALE).
For a feed of fish origin, the origin term is FISH fol-
lowed by the species or variety (e.g., FISH, COO;
FISH, MENHADEN).
When the specific origin of a feed clerived from poul-
try or fish is not known, the origin term is POULTRY or
FISH. When a specific origin of a feed derived from ani-
mats is not known the origin term is the name of the
animal product (e.g., BLOOD, meal). Fats or oils are
listed under the term FATS AND OILS, ant] the various
kinds of molasses or syrups are listed under MOLASSES.
A six-digit International Feed Number is listed after
the feed name. The first digit is the class of the feed, the
remaining five digits identify the specific feed within the
class. The numbers may be used as the "numerical
name" of a feed when performing linear programming
with electronic computers.
The common name of the parent material is followed
by the specific name (example: BARLEY, Hordeum
vulgare).
Representative terms from entire chapter:
origin term
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